使用新混合模糊聚类算法的模糊系统建模方法

为了进一步提高模糊系统建立模型的精度,提出一种新的模糊系统算法ANFIS-HC-QPSO：采用一种混合型模糊聚类算法来对模糊系统的输入空间进行划分,每一个聚类通过高斯函数的拟合产生一个隶属度函数,即完成ANFIS系统的前件参数--隶属度函数参数的初始识别,通过具有量子行为的粒子群算法QPSO与最小二乘法优化前件参数,直至达到停机条件,最终得到ANFIS的前件及后件参数,从而得到满意的模糊系统模型。实验表明,AN-FIS-HC-QPSO算法与传统算法相比,能在只需较少模糊规则的前提下就使模糊系统达到更高的精度。     

一种小型动/静态双坐标感知系统结构设计

针对提高被动式热释电红外(PIR)传感器的探测距离和范围,提出动/静态双坐标感知系统理论,根据动/静态双坐标感知系统对动态目标实现一定距离内和全范围探测的要求,光学基准传递的要求,提出了小型动/静态双坐标感知系统的结构设计方案。该系统配用红外透镜作为其光学装置,在匀速转台的带动下,实现360°全范围探测红外信号,解决了PIR传感器探测距离和探测视场的矛盾,拓宽了PIR传感器的使用领域。经过实验验证,该系统结构设计合理。     

Experimental and theoretical investigation on unburned coal char burnout in a pilot-scale rotary kiln

Oxidation reactivity studies are imperative for improving carbon re-burn technologies and valuing the heat content of unburned carbon within coal combustion ashes. Non-isothermal, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to examine the oxidation kinetics of unburned carbon in coal combustion fly ashes having different particle size distributions; TGA results were related to combustion efficiencies as measured in a bench-scale rotary kiln. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor were determined for the chemically-controlled reaction regime; the transition temperatures between chemically-controlled and partially diffusion-controlled combustion regimes were obtained for unburned carbon particles of different sizes. After the oxidation reaction rates were evaluated, the residence time distribution (RTD) of fly ashes in the rotary kiln were experimentally measured and the mean residence times related to process parameters, including the rotating velocity and kiln inclination. By comparing these results with an advective-dispersive model, the axial dispersion coefficient of fly ashes was determined. The reaction rates obtained by thermal analyses and the RTDs were used to predict combustion efficiencies within the kiln and oxidation conditions of unburned carbon using various processing options.     

用分子连接性指数法和高效液相色谱法预测巴比妥酸类衍生物的正辛醇-水分配系数

研究了巴比妥酸类衍生物的分子连接性指数(MCI)和外推至纯水作流动相时的高效液相色谱容量因子(k0)与正辛醇 水分配系数(Kow)的关系。通过13种已知lgKow文献值的巴比妥酸类衍生物的lgKow值分别对MCI计算值和lgk0实验值进行多元线性回归分析,建立了估算巴比妥酸类衍生物的Kow的两种定量模型。用此模型预测了8种巴比妥酸类衍生物的Kow。结果表明两种方法都能较好地预测巴比妥酸类衍生物的Kow。     

基于线性判别分析的寄生虫卵识别

寄生虫病是危害人类及动物健康的疾病之一。为了实现对寄生虫卵的自动识别,辅助临床检测,提出基于线性判别分析的寄生虫卵识别方法。采用结合形态学滤波和Otsu的方法分割得到寄生虫卵及其轮廓,提取形状特征和纹理特征作为特征向量集,并利用线性判别分析实现对寄生虫卵自动识别。实验结果表明,该方法对6种寄生虫卵的识别正确率达到90.70%。     

夹角余弦与欧式距离相结合建立烟用香精HPLC指纹图谱

研究并建立了6批次JT-1烟用香精的HPLC指纹图谱,采用ZORBAX Extend-C18(5μm,4.6×150mm)色谱柱,ZORBAX RX-C18(4.6×12.5mm,5μm)保护柱,乙腈0.1%甲酸为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1mL/min,柱温40℃,检测波长254nm.进样量15μL,硝基苯为内标,采用欧式距离与夹角余弦相结合的方法计算其相似度,并通过稀释实验进一步验证该指纹图谱对烟用香精质量控制的可行性,实验结果表明夹角余弦方法计算的相似度不能够完全反映香精样品有效成分的含量问题,而欧式距离对于解决样品有效含量检测问题更加有效,夹角余弦与欧式距离相结合使所建立的高效液相指纹图谱能更加快速、方便地检测烟用香精的质量稳定性.     

含纳米ATO聚氨酯弹性抗静电涂料

以脂肪族聚氨酯弹性树脂为基体，透明纳米ATO导电粉为导电介质，添加超分散剂，采用物理与化学相结合的分散方法对纳米ATO进行预处理。主要解决纳米粒子的分散与团聚的难题，制备出可常温固化、颜色可调的含纳米ATO聚氨酯弹性抗静电涂料。讨论了基体树脂、纳米ATO含量、超分散剂种类与加量、研磨时间以及助剂等因素对抗静电涂料的表面电阻、耐候性、弹性、强度以及稳定性等性能的影响。同时对涂料的性能进行了测试与表征。     

Precipitation from glassy polymer solutions

Solid solutions of general-purpose polystyrene containing crystalline tetrabromoxylene, tetrachloroxylene, or tetrachlorobenzene were prepared. The effects of the low molecular weight crystalline additive concentration and the thermal history on the thermal properties of the system have been studied. The system solubility, rejection of solute, etc., were characterized by such techniques as rheology, thermal analysis (DSC), and Vicat softening point.     

基于谱对称的形状配准方法

针对现有三维形状配准方法中存在左右翻转的错误匹配问题,提出了基于内蕴对称特征检测的高效形状配准算法。首先,通过热核与几何约束构建模型的内蕴自对称点对;其次,基于谱嵌入特征空间分析提取模型的内蕴对称平面,并依据模型表面法向量有效识别模型的左右结构属性;然后,根据内蕴对称点对获得模型的一致性谱对称结构描述;最后,引入一致性点漂移算法(CPD),实现基于谱对称的非刚性模型的形状配准,有效避免了模型配准中的左右结构翻转问题。实验进一步论证了这种方法不仅有效提高了模型匹配的效率,而且能有效识别同类模型的结构特征,对于非刚性模型的配准具有较强的鲁棒性。     

Study of the sorption and acidic properties of MTW-type zeolite

The acidity of H-MTW-type zeolite has been investigated using infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed pyridine. Pore volume has been measured by nitrogen andn-hexane adsorption. The zeolite exhibits infrared signals at 3612 and 3580 cm^–1 tentatively attributed to bridging hydroxyl groups vibrating in the main channel and in the six-membered rings of the structure, respectively. Both hydroxyl groups possess high acid strength and are readily accessible to pyridine. H-MTW shows an-hexane cracking activity at 350°C comparable to that obtained with MFI and BEA-type materials with a product selectivity between medium and large pore structural types.