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Use of ozone in the food industry 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ozone is a strong oxidant and potent disinfecting agent. Even though it is new for the US, it has been utilized in European countries for a long time. Ultraviolet radiation (188 nm wavelength) and corona discharge methods can be used to generate ozone. The bactericidal effects of ozone have been documented on a wide variety of organisms, including Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria as well as spores and vegetative cells. In this review, chemical and physical properties of ozone, its generation, and antimicrobial power of ozone with two suggested mechanisms were explained as well as many advantages of ozone use in the food industry. There are numerous application areas of ozone in the industry such as food surface hygiene, sanitation of food plant equipment, reuse of waste water, treatment and lowering biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of food plant waste. Treating fruits and vegetables with ozone has been found to increase shelf-life of the products. Notably, when ozone is applied to food, it leaves no residues since it decomposes quickly. In this review, use of ozone in food industry was discussed. 相似文献
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In an effort to understand the oxidation chemistry of new generation biofuels, oxidation of a pentanol isomer (2-methyl-1-butanol) was investigated experimentally in a jet-stirred reactor (JSR) at a pressure of 10 atm, equivalence ratios of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 and in a temperature range of 700–1200 K. Concentration profiles of the stable species were measured using GC and FTIR. A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism including oxidation of various hydrocarbon and oxygenated fuels was extended to include the oxidation chemistry of 2-methyl-1-butanol, the resulting mechanism was used to simulate the present experiments. In addition to the present data, recent experimental data such as ignition delay times measured in a shock tube and laminar flame speeds were also simulated with this mechanism and satisfactory results were obtained. Reaction path and sensitivity analyses were performed in order to interpret the results. 相似文献
176.
Seval Özdemir Zeynep Ilsen Önsan Ramazan Yıldırım 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2012,87(1):58-64
BACKGROUND: Selective CO oxidation was studied in a hydrogen‐rich environment over monolithic Au/MgO/Al2O3 catalysts at 50–150 °C. The wash‐coating of cordierite monoliths with colloidal Al2O3 was followed by wet impregnation of MgO; the subsequent deposition of Au was achieved using various methods. All catalysts were characterized using ICP and ESEM. RESULTS: Homogenous deposition‐precipitation was found to be the best Au loading method among those tested for monoliths. The CO conversion over 1%(w/w) Au/1.25%(w/w) MgO/Al2O3 was ca 80% at 90 °C. Increasing the Au content of the catalyst from 0.16 to 1.0%(w/w) increased CO conversion and shifted the required temperature to lower values. A similar trend was also observed for maximum CO conversion at increasing W/FCO ratios. The addition of MgO was beneficial for CO conversion. CONCLUSION: Although CO conversion of ca 80% was lower than that achieved with particulate catalysts, it is high enough as a starting point for further improvement considering the superiority of monolithic supports for practical applications. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
177.
Yalcin Solak Sinan Demircioglu Ilker Polat Zeynep Biyik Abduzhappar Gaipov Kadir Acar Suleyman Turk 《Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis》2013,17(2):320-323
Heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is caused by heparin exposure and presents with reduced platelet count. Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) treatment have increased risk of developing HIT due to prolonged exposure to unfractionated heparin or low‐molecular weight heparin. We report a 79‐year‐old male patient with end‐stage renal disease who developed type‐II HIT during maintenance HD. Platelet count of the patient decreased gradually and antiplatelet factor IV antibody was found to be positive. The patient was treated with fondaparinux and continued heparin‐free HD. Unfortunately, despite favorable initial response without any thrombotic episodes, the patient died due to severe sepsis complicated by gastrointestinal hemorrhage. 相似文献
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H Tutkun V Sar LI Yargi? T Ozpulat M Yanik E Kiziltan 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,155(6):800-805
BACKGROUND: Intravenous gammaglobulin (i.v.IG) contains anti-idiotypic antibodies that are potent inhibitors of HLA-specific alloantibodies in vitro and in vivo. In addition, highly HLA-allosensitized patients awaiting transplantation can have HLA alloantibody levels reduced dramatically by i.v.IG infusions, and subsequent transplantation can be accomplished successfully with a crossmatch-negative, histoincompatible organ. METHODS: In this study, we investigated the possible use of i.v.IG to reduce donor-specific anti-HLA alloantibodies arising after transplantation and its efficacy in treating antibody-mediated allograft rejection (AR) episodes. We present data on 10 patients with severe allograft rejection, four of whom developed AR episodes associated with high levels of donor-specific anti-HLA alloantibodies. RESULTS: Most patients showed rapid improvements in AR episodes, with resolution noted within 2-5 days after i.v.IG infusions in all patients. i.v.IG treatment also rapidly reduced donor-specific anti-HLA alloantibody levels after i.v.IG infusion. All AR episodes were reversed. Freedom from recurrent rejection episodes was seen in 9 of 10 patients, some with up to 5 years of follow-up. Results of protein G column fractionation studies from two patients suggest that the potential mechanism by which i.v.IG induces in vivo suppression is a sequence of events leading from initial inhibition due to passive transfer of IgG to eventual active induction of an IgM or IgG blocking antibody in the recipient. CONCLUSION: I.v.IG appears to be an effective therapy to control posttransplant AR episodes in heart and kidney transplant recipients, including patients who have had no success with conventional therapies. Vascular rejection episodes associated with development of donor-specific cytotoxic antibodies appears to be particularly responsive to i.v.IG therapy. 相似文献
180.
Zeynep Oztoprak Tugce Hekimoglu Ilknur Karakutuk Deniz C. Tuncaboylu Oguz Okay 《Polymer Bulletin》2014,71(8):1983-1999
This paper examines the effect of the gel preparation temperature (T prep) on the physical properties of the rubber-based macroporous organogels prepared by solution crosslinking in benzene at subzero temperatures. Cis-polybutadiene (CBR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) were used as the rubber components, while sulfur monochloride (S2Cl2) was the crosslinker in the gel preparation. It was shown that T prep is an extremely important parameter to adjust the porous structure and thus, the cryogel properties. The networks formed by CBR and SBR showed an aligned porous structure with an exception of honey-comb structured porous SBR cryogels prepared at ?2 °C. 101- to 102-μm sized regular pores of the networks caused by the benzene crystals act as a template during gelation, separated by 10–20 μm pore walls in thickness. They exhibit fast swelling and deswelling properties as well as reversible swelling–deswelling cycles in toluene and methanol, respectively. The ability of the organogels for the removal of petroleum products from aqueous solutions was also demonstrated using diesel and crude oil as model pollutants. In addition, the reusability of the organogels and their continuous sorption capacities were checked by repeated sorption–squeezing cycles. All the tests showed that the aligned porous organogels are suitable materials for the oil spill cleanup procedures. 相似文献