金刚石滚轮成形砂轮修整器的结构设计

加工轴类工件时,经常会遇到尺寸精度要求高、表面粗糙度值小的各种圆弧的难加工问题,为了解决这一问题,本文提出采用成形磨削法进行圆弧的加工,并针对圆弧加工用的成形砂轮,设计出金刚石滚轮成形砂轮修整器。     

光声光谱信号的检测与处理

针对微型光声光谱气体检测实验中背景噪声严重,微音器信号无法被准确提取的问题,借助计算机及其声卡设计了PAS传感器信号检测系统.首先,分析实验中锁相放大技术的基本原理,提出利用虚拟仪器技术实现光声信号检测的方法;通过分析实验中可虚拟化的仪器原理,最终利用LabVIEW开发出自动检测系统,实现了硬件仪器软件化,有效减少实验中硬件噪声源的存在,采样频率192 kHz,采样位数24 Bit,存储深度极大.结果与结论:结果表明它能从5 mV的噪声中提取0.1 mV的光声信号,误差为0.9%,能够很好的应用于光声试验中,满足稳定可靠、精度高、抗干扰能力强等实验要求.     

基于V型内锥与电导环的油水两相流参数测量

油水两相流在石油工业过程中十分常见,对其流动过程参数(如流量与含率)的准确测量一直受其流态的复杂性限制而成为科学研究与工业应用中亟待解决的重要课题。差压法是常用的流量测量手段,作为差压式流量计的一种,V型内锥式流量计结合两相流动模型可实现两相流流量的测量。电学法通过测量两相混合物电学性质(如电导率与介电常数)的变化实现分相含率的测量。本文采用等效直径比0.65的V型内锥式流量计结合环形电导式传感器阵列实现50mm内径水平管道中油水两相流总流量、含率与分相流速的测量,针对油水两相流特性修正Chisholm分相流差压测量关系式实现油水两相流质量流量的测量,并利用环形电导式传感器阵列实现含水率与质量含油率的测量。实验结果表明,油水两相流含水率测量的平均相对误差为8.1%,质量含油率的平均相对误差为13.7%,基于修正关系式与含水率、质量含油率测量结果的油水质量流量测量平均相对误差为4.4%,油相与水相表观流速的平均相对误差分别为3.2%与15.7%。本工作为进一步提高油水两相流过程参数的测量精度打下基础。     

电压源逆变器混合多矢量预测共模电压抑制方法

近年来,为了减小共模电压对电压源逆变器的影响,模型预测共模电压抑制方法得到广泛研究。然而,常规的电压源逆变器模型预测共模电压抑制方法每个控制周期仅采用一个非零电压矢量作用,导致其电流谐波较大。为此,提出了一种混合多矢量模型预测共模电压抑制方法。首先给出了所提多矢量模型预测共模电压抑制方法的实现原理。其次详细分析了死区和电流纹波对共模电压的影响,并进一步对所提多矢量法进行改进。改进的方法在电流扇区7内使用单个非零电压矢量作用,而在其他扇区内使用多个非零电压矢量作用,从而不仅可以完全将共模电压限制在±Vdc/6之内,而且可以减小电流的总谐波畸变率。仿真和实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于脉冲涡流的铁磁性材料屈服强度检测方法

钢铁工业中的铁磁性材料屈服强度的检测依赖拉伸检测,增加了检测成本,为此提出了一种多特征融合的铁磁性材料屈服强度脉冲涡流检测方法。提取脉冲涡流响应信号的时域特征、频域特征,然后建立各个信号特征与材料屈服强度的神经网络模型,最后用神经网络模型对材料的屈服强度进行估计。该方法是一种无损检测方法,检测误差不超过5%。     

Differential expression and regulation of PNA and UEA‐1 bindings in rabbit uterus during preimplantation period

Peanut agglutinin (PNA) and Ulex europaeus agglutinin‐1 (UEA‐1) were used as probes to study the distribution of β‐gal (1→3) ga1Nac and α‐l ‐Fucose in rabbit uterus during early pregnancy. PNA binding was mainly localized on the surface of uterine glandular and luminal epithelium. There were no positive signals on day 1 of pregnancy. PNA binding gradually increased from day 2 and reached its highest level on days 3 and 4. The distribution of PNA binding gradually declined from day 5 and reached a low level on day 7. However, UEA‐1 binding was only localized on the luminal epithelial during early pregnancy. A high level of UEA‐1 binding had been found on the luminal epithelium on day 1 of pregnancy and low level of positive signals had been found in the uterus on days 2 and 3. UEA‐1 binding increased gradually and reached its highest level on day 4. Then the distribution of UEA‐1 binding sharply declined and no positive signals were found on days 5–7. The distribution of PNA and UEA‐1 bindings in pseudopregnant uterus was similar to that in normal pregnant uterus. During estrus cycle, there was no detectable PNA binding signal in uterus. But, a high level of UEA‐1 binding was found in the luminal epithelium of estrus uterus. In ovariectomized rabbit uterus, progesterone significantly induced the expression of PNA binding, while estrogen stimulated UEA‐1 binding expression. These results suggested that the distribution of PNA and UEA‐1 bindings in rabbit uterus may be related to rabbit implantation. Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:398–403, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

立式捏合机搅拌桨曲面的NURBS表示与误差分析

依据搅拌桨水平截面轮廓线的理论坐标点,反求生成了NURBS曲线;按照搅拌桨的螺旋升角,生成了一组不同高度截面轮廓线的NURBS曲线;利用蒙皮方法,生成了搅拌桨的NURBS曲面。提出了一种新的控制顶点投影法求解点到NURBS曲面最小距离的算法,用于计算搅拌桨的NURBS曲面的重构误差。结果表明,立式捏合机搅拌桨的NURBS曲面重构精度高,研究结果可为搅拌桨曲面优化设计提供借鉴。     

Effect of weld characteristics on the formability of welded tubes in NC bending process

The weld profiles, weld width, weld positions, and mechanical property changes in the weld and heat-affected zones (HAZ) are the most important parameters that influence the potential formability of the welded tube. To investigate the effect of weld characteristics on the forming behaviors of the welded tube, finite element models which consider the geometric profile and mechanical properties of the weld and HAZ are employed. The results show that (1) the mechanical constitutive relation of the weld region determined by the microhardness empirical formula obviously decreases the tangent strain, thickness strain, and cross-sectional deformation ΔD in the weld and HAZ as compared with that determined by the improved rule of mixtures, which is contrary to the hoop strain, and the predicted results determined by the improved rule of mixtures are much closer to the experimental ones; (2) different weld and HAZ widths determined by the microhardness profile and metallographic section have a little effect on the tangent strain, thickness strain, and ΔD distribution; (3) the implementation of weld profile and material properties decreases the wall variation of the weld region as the weld line locates on the outside and inside. On the contrary, both the weld profile and weld material properties increase the maximum ΔD. The sectorial weld profile has a stronger effect on the wall variation and maximum ΔD than the hourglass profile; and (4) the same weld and HAZ volume have a stronger effect on wall thinning and ΔD.     

超高效液相色谱/四极杆-飞行时间质谱法检测22种禁用和限用合成色素

建立有色饮料中22种禁用和限用合成色素的固相萃取超高效液相色谱/四极杆-飞行时间质谱快速检测方法。样品经固相萃取柱萃取,氨水-甲醇解吸,按GB/T5009-2003进行后处理,经超高效液相色谱/四极杆-飞行时间质谱检测,通过Q-TOF MS提供的精确质量数定性,利用TargetMS/MS提供的二级质谱碎片离子定性,对禁用合成色素进行准确定性,对常见限用合成色素进行定量,检测方法的6种常见色素加标回收率均在80%以上。此外,对这些色素软电离裂解规律进行初步研究。     

离子色谱技术的发展及其在食品添加剂检测中的应用

离子色谱分析技术具有快速、简便、灵敏、选择性好等诸多优点,从而逐渐受到人们的重视。本文着重介绍了近年来离子色谱分析技术的研究进展及离子色谱法作为一种新型分离分析技术在食品添加剂检测方面的应用。