Pore size control of porous silica by sol-gel process

Porous silica glass was prepared by sol-gel process from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). The effects of solvents (water, ethanol), drying condition, heat treatment temperature on specific surface area and pore size distribution of porous silica were investigated. Gelation process accelerates with an increase of H₂O content, while retards with the increase of ethanol amount. Structure changes during heat treatment were studied by means of DTA, XRD. TEM micrographs show that the gel particles shrink after heated at 500°C, thus the average pore size decreases.     

用于生产甲基丙烯酸的杂多酸催化剂的研究

以异丁烯为原料的两段直接氧化生产甲基丙烯酸最新工艺有许多优点。其技术关键在于研制出高效的甲基丙烯醛选择性氧化催化剂。本文报道P-Mo-As-Cu杂多化合物催化剂的组成、制备条件对催化剂活性的影响。经优化后获得高选择性、高活性的二段氧化催化剂，其甲基丙烯酸收率达60％以上。     

石蜡光氯化合成氯蜡－70的研究──（Ⅲ）反应过程致色因素考察及生色机理研究

氯蜡－７０是—应用广泛、性能优良的精细化工产品，其色泽是—重要的技术指标，直接影响着产品的质量和应用。本文考察了合成反应过程导致生色的因素，指出原料中含有的少量环烷烃、芳烃、杂环有机物及少量无机杂质能影响产品的色泽，实验表明温度过高，光源波长选择不当也是致色的重要原因。研究了致色的过程，提出其生色历程是按照β－消除反应机理进行的，并做了具体描述。     

A study on the anodic protection of Titanium evaporators in Al2(SO4)3 solution

The feasibility of the anodic protection of titanium evaporators in Al₂(SO₄)₃ solution was studied by the measurement of polarization curves, weight loss, solubility of passive film and AC impedance. The protection parameters and efficiency were determined. In addition, the practical technology of anodic protection was studied by screening reference electrodes and auxiliary cathodes. Throwing power was also measured. Four rows of tube-type evaporators of titanium have been anodically protected in situ. Field tests lasting more than one year show satisfactory results.     

鄱阳湖流域水土保持与防洪治涝

鄱阳湖流域水土流失加剧了洪涝灾害。治理水土流失能增强山丘地涵养水源的能力,削洪减沙,减少库容损失,降低河床,具有明显的防洪效益。进行流域防洪规划时,应将防治水土流失与防洪治涝结合起来,因地制宣,综合治理。     

壳聚糖醇水分离膜的研究

本文制备了一系列不同脱乙酰度壳聚糖，研究了不同脱乙酰度聚糖膜的醇水分离性能，结果表明，随着脱乙酰度的增大，分离因子升高，渗透通量减小。当脱乙酰度大于９０％时，有较高的分离因子，符合单级分离要求。同时考察了料液浓度，料液温度等条件对壳聚糖膜醇水分离性能的影响，求得水和乙醇透过壳聚糖的表观活化能分别为：△Ｅｗ＝３２．６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，△Ｅｅ＝５７．２ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

H∞ control versus disturbance-observer-basedcontrol

In the motion control field, a disturbance observer-based disturbance canceling control is often used as a robust control methodology. However, this method is nothing more than an alternative design of an integral controller, and the robust stability issue cannot be directly accounted for. In this paper, an extended H_∞ control scheme is proposed as a new robust motion control method which achieves the disturbance cancellation ability and guarantees robust stability automatically     

Very-high-speed fibre-optic networks for broadband communications

Single-mode optical fibres have an enormous transmission bandwidth which can support ultra-high-speed digital transmission and networking. The use of electrical signal-processing, however, ultimately limits the network capacity. To eliminate the throughput bottleneck, all-optical processing techniques should be employed in a fibre-optic network. This paper discusses several schemes for implementing optical time division multiple access (OTDMA) networks with the emphasis on optical clock distribution, synchronisation and all-optical detection. The use of a fast-switching bistable laser diode as an all-optical threshold detector and data regenerator is suggested. A dual-wavelength OTDMA technique is investigated, which can be used for digital TV or future HDTV distributions. Moreover, an efficient multiple access scheme, called wavelength division multiple access with optical time division multiplexing (WDMA-OTDM), is proposed for broadband communication services. It is shown that WDMA-OTDM has all the advantages possessed by the individual OTDMA and WDMA schemes but offers improved flexibility and capacity     

外加剂混凝土动态与静态坍落度损失的流变特性

本文对动、静态下混凝土坍落度损失的规律进行了研究,并从流变学的角度分析了外加剂对动、静态下混凝土坍落度损失的影响坍落度损失存在差别的原因.