硫稳定同位素对环境污染物的示踪

硫作为大气和水体中污染物的主要成分,确定其来源对于含硫污染物的控制有着重要意义.利用硫稳定同位素组成(δ34S)示踪污染物的来源作为一种较准确方便的方法成为研究的热点.论述了利用硫稳定同位素追溯水体及大气环境中含硫物质的来源研究,并对其研究前景进行展望.     

Plasmon-Waveguide Interband Cascade Lasers Near 7.5 $mu$ m

Broad-area plasmon-waveguide interband cascade lasers with emission wavelengths near 7.5 mu m were demonstrated at temperatures up to 121 K in continuous-wave mode. Their threshold current densities and voltages varied from 72 A/cm² and 2.1 V at 84 K to 400 A/cm² and 2.7 V at 121 K, showing very efficient use of bias voltage (e.g., voltage efficiency of about 90% at 84 K) at this long wavelength. These plasmon-waveguide lasers also operated in pulsed mode at temperatures up to 165 K with emission wavelengths near 7.6 mum and threshold current density of 1100 A/cm².     

Degradation of 2,4-dinitrophenol by combining sonolysis and different additives.

Based on the effects of various additives on ultrasonic degradation of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) in aqueous solution, the degradation mechanisms and reaction kinetics of DNP in different processes were proposed. The results showed that some additives, such as CuO, CCl(4), O(3), NaCl and KI, were favorable for DNP sonochemical degradation. On the contrary, DNP degradation efficiency was restrained by Na(2)CO(3), indicating that OH radicals oxidation played an important role in DNP ultrasonic removal. The significant increases in DNP degradation in US/CuO/H(2)O(2), US/CCl(4) and US/O(3) systems were also related to the intermediates formed during the reactions, such as HO(2)/O(2)(-) radicals, chlorine-containing radicals and HClO. In addition, DNP ultrasonic removal was observed to behave as pseudo-first-order kinetics under different experimental conditions tested in the present work.     

氨合成循环压缩机转子轴向位移的控制

分析了TC450透平循环压缩机产生轴向位移的原因,采取了相应的措施后,问题得到较好解决。     

基于Internet远程测控系统的研究

本文分析了基于Internet的远程测控系统的结构、应具备的功能、及其工作流程,和实现基于Internet的远程测控系统的几个关键技术重点论述了现场总线与以太网结合的可行性、必要性及实施方案.     

Effect of surface nanocrystallisation on the microstructure and wear resistance of vacuum carburised alloy

In this work, a nanocrystallisation surface layer with an average grain size of 29?nm was fabricated on the 12Cr2Ni4A steel by the supersonic fine particles bombarding (SFPB). The vacuum carburising process was carried out on the original and the SFPB pre-treatment samples. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and hardness tester were employed to study the phase constituents, grain size, hardness and residual stress of the two carburised samples. Experimental results showed that compared to the coarse-grain carburised layer (without SFPB), the carburised layer with SFPB pre-treatment has smaller martensite and carbide, and its thickness, hardness, compressive residual stress and wear resistance have been significantly improved. The dominant wear mechanisms of the two carburised samples were both abrasive wear and fatigue wear.     

Lyocell纤维用溶解浆主要性能及其质量控制技术

Lyocell纤维是绿色高性能的再生纤维素纤维,其在反应原理、生产工艺和设备技术等方面与黏胶纤维差异很大,对溶解浆的质量要求较高。本文介绍了Lyocell纤维的生产工艺,重点分析了Lyocell纤维用溶解浆的化学组成、纤维素大分子特性、结晶结构等主要性能对Lyocell纤维生产,尤其是浆粕在4-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物（NMMO）中溶解性能的影响;提出了Lyocell纤维用溶解浆的主要性能要求及其质量控制技术,为Lyocell纤维用溶解浆的研究和生产提供参考。     

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密砂岩不同尺度孔喉分形特征及其控制因素

微观孔喉结构是影响致密砂岩油藏特征的重要因素。致密砂岩孔喉结构复杂,非均质性强,需结合分形理论对其进行研究。选取鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密砂岩进行铸体薄片、扫描电镜、恒速压汞实验,分析致密砂岩孔隙和喉道的分布特征。在此基础上,结合分形原理和方法,对致密砂岩孔隙和喉道分形维数及影响因素进行研究。结果表明,鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密砂岩分形曲线存在明显的转折点,根据其对应的进汞压力,可以将致密砂岩孔隙和喉道分成大尺度和小尺度2种类型。利用线性拟合斜率计算孔隙和喉道分形维数(D),不同尺度孔隙和喉道该值差异较大。小尺度孔喉压实作用和胶结作用强烈,以晶间孔、剩余粒间孔和缩颈状喉道为主。该尺度孔喉非均质性弱,孔喉空间变形较少,分形维数较小(27)。压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用严重影响着致密砂岩孔喉储集空间的大小和形状,决定着不同尺度孔喉的分形特征。     

对硝基氯苯在HZSM-5沸石中的吸附和扩散行为研究

通过静态吸附实验,研究水体中对硝基氯苯在HZSM-5沸石中的吸附和扩散行为.研究结果表明,对硝基氯苯在HZSM-5沸石中的吸附等温线存在2个平台,其最大吸附量与温度无关.对硝基氯苯优先吸附在沸石孔道的交点位置,其吸附过程由内扩散控制.对硝基氯苯在HZSM-5沸石中的扩散性与温度和对硝基氯苯的吸附量密切相关,其扩散系数在高温与吸附量小于2 mol/u.c.时较高.     

当前工程机械维修存在的主要问题及解决方法

本文系统分析了当前工程机械维修的发展状况及存在的主要问题,结合研究现状,提出了改进对策及将RCM模式引入工程机械维修的建议.