对当前环境艺术设计专业特色人才培养模式的探讨——以湖南师范学院为例

打造高素质应用型人才是当前高校环境艺术设计专业人才培养的终极目标。本文针对湖州师范学院艺术学院环境艺术设计专业的人才培养模式进行探讨,提出了新人才培养模式的主要特色为"三性",分析了人才培养特色的实现途径"点线面"。     

箱形梁结构船体水下非接触爆炸冲击环境分析

为研究箱形梁结构船体在水下非接触爆炸作用下的冲击环境,在船体中部范围内主要受力部位设置箱形梁,并与考虑箱形梁产生的质量变化而建立的等重船模进行对比,来描述箱形梁结构对冲击环境的影响.基于Abaqus中的声固耦合算法求解2种形式船体的冲击响应,以冲击谱为工具描述船体结构的冲击环境,并给出舱内甲板层的冲击环境分布.分析归纳箱形梁的作用机理,为相关舰船设备的舾装与船体优化设计提供参考.     

农村河道生态修复措施研究

农村河道在行洪排涝、灌溉供水以及农田排水等方面发挥重要的作用,通过对农村河道特点的归纳总结,结合农村河道已有的相关研究与江苏省部分代表县区市的实地调研,对农村河道目前存在的主要问题进行了探讨与研究,并基于农村河道的生态问题,围绕物理生境改造与河道生物修复,提出了适于农村河道的生态修复措施,为农村河道治理提供理论支撑.     

基于能值分析的跨流域引调水工程生态效益计算

跨流域引调水工程是解决水资源时空分布不均、社会水需求不平衡的最有效的措施。根据跨流域引调水工程涉及不同流域、功能综合、结构复杂、相互交叉的特点,采用生态与经济并重的能值分析法对跨流域引调水工程的生态效益进行量化分析,并以浙东引水工程为例,具体计算分析了2017年浙东引水工程给工程沿线地区生态环境等方面带来的效益。计算结果表明：该量化方法能够较好地应用于实际引调水工程生态效益计算,且结果较以往常用的等效替代方法更为合理,贴近实际。     

恒流二极管分压的悬浮脉冲单臂桥驱动器研制

设计了一种恒流二极管分压的悬浮脉冲单臂桥驱动器。先介绍了悬浮脉冲驱动模块电路结构和工作原理,以及恒流模块中恒流二极管的特性、恒流二极管串联均压计算方法;再利用该原理设计了验证电路,并应用在半桥式拓扑结构的开关电源中。验证电路的测试结果表明:恒流二极管分压的悬浮脉冲单臂桥驱动器的性能完全满足设计要求,值得推广。     

Structure-Property Relationship of Polyimide Fibers with High Tensile Strength and Low Dielectric Constant by Introducing Benzimidazole and Trifluoromethyl Units

Copolyimide (co-PI) fibers with high strength and low dielectric constant are synthesized and prepared by introducing 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl (TFMB) and 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5-aminobenzimidazole (BIA) diamines into the rigid backbones. The resultant fibers not only exhibited excellent mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 2.627 GPa and an initial modulus of 96.786 GPa, but also possessed a dielectric constant as low as 2.433 at 10 GHz. The existence of intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interaction is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which has been considered as the leading factor responsible for the significantly improved mechanical properties of the co-PI fibers. 2D wide-angle X-ray diffraction (2D WAXD) is adopted to investigate the variation on the aggregation structure of PI fibers after the incorporation of fluorine group. The fibers with more TMFB content possessed a higher orientation degree together with a larger free volume fracture due to the combined effects of enhanced flexibility and the volume effect of trifluoromethyl groups. Meanwhile, the prepared PI fibers exhibit a 5% weight loss temperature ranging from 543 to 533 °C in the nitrogen atmosphere and a glass transition temperature ranging from 334 to 317 °C, revealing high thermal stability of co-PI fibers.     

基于计划行为理论的高星级酒店餐饮绿色环保措施调研分析

在国内酒店,特别是高星级酒店产品同质化现象日趋严重的背景下,餐饮绿色化管理成为酒店实现差异化竞争的重要手段之一.文章以计划行为理论为基础,重点探究消费者对餐饮绿色环保措施的"态度",及其对"行为意向"产生的影响.研究结果显示,餐饮绿色环保措施可分为:绿色菜品、绿色环境、绿色设备、绿色制度和绿色物资五个纬度.其中,消费者认为"绿色菜品"和"绿色环境"是提升高星级酒店餐饮服务的重要方法和手段,并会对其行为意向产生显著影响.由于国内相关研究的缺乏,采用的内容和方法主要基于对国外文献的回顾,具有探索性质.期望研究结果能为国内绿色酒店的理论研究和绿色管理的实际应用提供一些基础的方法和理论依据.     

利用流动单元圈定含油有利区

针对陕北斜坡中部特低渗透储层受沉积环境、成岩作用、构造等因素影响,储层宏观物性和微观孔隙类型多样、储集性能和渗流结构差异较大、流动层带复杂的特点,选用反映多孔介质地质特征的流动层带指标、储能参数、成岩综合系数、单渗砂层厚度、砂地比、渗透率、孔隙度、泥质含量、夹层分布频率和夹层分布密度等参数,把储层流动单元按渗流能力和储集能力分为好、较好、一般和差4类,建立综合评价指标体系.利用Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类有利流动单元有效地圈定出含油有利区位置及分布范围,为研究区特低渗透油田增储上产提供有利目标和重点层位.     

Mechanical properties and damage tolerance of Y2SiO5

Y₂SiO₅ has potential applications as functional–structural ceramic and environmental/thermal barrier coating material. As an important grain-boundary phase in the sintered Si₃N₄, it also influences the mechanical and dielectric performances of the host material. In this paper, we present the mechanical properties of Y₂SiO₅ including elastic moduli, hardness, strength and fracture toughness, and try to understand the mechanical features from the viewpoint of crystal structure. Y₂SiO₅ has low shear modulus, low hardness, as well as high capacity for dispersing mechanical damage energy and for resisting crack penetration. Particularly, it can be machined by cemented carbides tools. The crystal structure characteristics of Y₂SiO₅ suggest the low-energy weakly bonded atomic planes crossed only by the easily breaking Y–O bonds as well as the rotatable rigid SiO₄ tetrahedra are the origins of low shear deformation, good damage tolerance and good machinability of this material. TEM observations also demonstrate that the mechanical damage energy was dispersed in the form of the micro-cleavages, stacking faults and twins along these weakly bonded atomic planes, which allows the “microscale-plasticity” for Y₂SiO₅.     

利用岩石物理相“甜点”筛选特低渗透储层含油有利区

陕北斜坡中部特低渗透储层受沉积环境、成岩作用、构造等因素的影响,储层具有宏观物性和微观孔隙类型多样、储集性能和渗流结构差异较大、流动层带复杂等特点,利用岩石物理相流动单元"甜点"筛选特低渗储层含油有利区。选用反映多孔介质地质特征的流动层带指标、储能参数、成岩综合系数、单渗砂层厚度、油层有效厚度、砂地比、渗透率、孔隙度、泥质含量及夹层的分布频率和分布密度等参数,建立了岩石物理相"甜点"综合评价指标体系。通过灰色理论集成,综合上述储层渗流、储集特点及含油气与非均质的多种信息,利用Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类岩石物理相"甜点"圈定出含油有利区位置及分布范围,集中地反映出该区特低渗透储层含油有利区形成的地质特点。