基于多子群的社会群体优化算法

社会群体优化算法(social group optimization,SGO)是一种基于社会群体学习而提出的一种新型优化算法。针对社会群体优化算法易于陷入局部最优问题,提出了一种多群社会群体学习算法（MPSGO）。本算法采用多子群学习方法,对算法两个阶段的个体学习方法进行改进,在维持群体收敛性能的前提下提高群体多样性,同时对部分个体中引入量子学习,使个体学习的有用信息得以增强;此外,每隔一定代数对子群进行随机重组,既能保证各子群个体充分进化,又维持了子群多样性。在设计算法的基础上,分析了其收敛性和多样性;通过与其他四种算法进行对比实验,验证了改进后算法性能更优。     

丙交酯的合成

以DL－乳酸为原料在催化剂存在下，加热、减压脱水合成了DL－丙交酯，研究了温度、压力、反应时间等反应条件对丙交酯产率的影响，用IR等分析测试仪器对丙交酯进行了表征。     

双阳煤在PKM气化炉试烧总结

介绍了在PKM气化炉中弱粘结性双阳煤的试烧情况,并给出了主要工艺参数控制范围。试烧结果表明:依兰煤中配入50%双阳煤,汽氧比6.0:1时,气化炉工况良好。     

可再生的绿色能源——生物柴油

20世纪人类使用的能源主要有三种:原油、天然气和煤炭。而另一个值得重视的新能源是可再生的绿色能源——生物能。在各种可再生能源中,生物质是贮存的太阳能,更是一种唯一可再生的碳源,可转化成常规的固态、液态和气态燃料。生物燃料作物作为未来的一种新能源,与其他能源比有许多优点,环保、可再生是生物能源最大的优势。生物柴油是近年来发展迅速并规模化使用的生物替代能源。生物柴油的制备主要有酶催化、酸催化、碱催化、酸—碱催化、超临界等方法。     

离子自拆分法合成D-(一)-对羟基苯甘氨酸

研究了用离子自拆分方法拆分外消旋对羟基苯甘氨酸(DL-HPG)而合成D-(—)-对羟基苯甘氨酸(D-HPG)。采用正交试验确定了最佳反应条件:在丙酮和水的混合溶剂中,等物质的量的DL-HPG和硫酸在60℃下加入D-HPG,搅拌反应15min左右,降温过滤得到D-HPG的硫酸盐,水解即可得到D-HPG(光学纯度99％),一次性总收率达到20％。适于工业生产。     

Manipulating the phase morphology in PPS/PA66 blends using clay

By adding a small amount of clay into poly(p‐phenylene sulfide) (PPS)/polyamide 66 blends, the morphology was found to change gradually from sea–island into cocontinuity and lamellar supramolecular structure, as increasing of clay content. Clay was selectively located in the PA66 phase, and the exfoliated clay layers formed an edge‐contacted network. The change of morphology is not caused by the change of volume ratio and viscosity ratio but can be well explained by the dynamic interplay of phase separation between PPS and PA66 through preferential adsorption of PA66 onto the clay layers and through layer–layer repulsion. This provides a means of manipulating the phase morphology for the immiscible polymer blends. The mechanical and tribological properties of PPS/PA66 blends with different phase morphologies (different clay contents) were studied. Both tensile and impact strength of the blends were found obviously increased by the addition of clay. The antiwear property was greatly improved for the blends with cocontinuous phase form. Our work indicates that the phase‐separating behavior of polymer blends contained interacting clay can be exploited to create a rich diversity of new structures and useful nanocomposites. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Anisotropic geodesics for live‐wire mesh segmentation

We present an interactive method for mesh segmentation that is inspired by the classical live‐wire interaction for image segmentation. The core contribution of the work is the definition and computation of wires on surfaces that are likely to lie at segment boundaries. We define wires as geodesics in a new tensor‐based anisotropic metric, which improves upon previous metrics in stability and feature‐awareness. We further introduce a simple but effective mesh embedding approach that allows geodesic paths in an anisotropic path to be computed efficiently using existing algorithms designed for Euclidean geodesics. Our tool is particularly suited for delineating segmentation boundaries that are aligned with features or curvature directions, and we demonstrate its use in creating artist‐guided segmentations.     

我国立德粉生产需求现状及发展趋势

叙述了我国立德粉生产、消费、出口及市场现状,指出了立德粉行业的发展趋势。     

低特征信号高聚物基烧蚀材料

论述了研制固体火箭发动机用低特信号烧蚀材料的必要性、低特征信号形成机理，材料配方研制的主要技术途径是选择低特征信号的基体材料和可以降低特征信号的阻燃消烟剂，进行有效的配制；采用烟室和发动机等测试材料的特征信号，提出了未来研究的主要发展方向。     

肾缺血再灌注细胞内钙水平与氧化应激损伤研究

目的 观察肾细胞中游离钙([Ca~(2+)]i)及氧自由基在缺血再灌注损伤过程中的改变情况,探讨二者在再灌注肾损伤中发生作用机制。方法 摘除Wistar大鼠左肾,钳夹右侧肾蒂,建立急性缺血再灌注肾损伤模型,应用Fura-2/AM荧光指示剂测定缺血再灌注大鼠肾细胞内[Ca~(2+)]i浓度的变化,同时测定谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果 缺血再灌注不同时期肾细胞内[Ca~(2+)]i浓度均有不同程度增高,与对照组相比差异有显著意义,各实验组SOD活力水平降低,与对照组相比差异有显著意义,MDA生成高于对照组,GSH-Px在再灌注早期活力减弱,明显低于对照组,晚期活力基本恢复。结论 1.缺血再灌注不同时期大鼠肾细胞内[Ca~(2+)]i超载和不同程度的氧化侵袭,在缺血再灌注肾损伤病理过程中起重要作用;2.再灌注时间与肾细胞内[Ca~(2+)]i超载呈正相关,提示再灌注损伤通过不同机制加重细胞钙超载。