High-performance Multicrystalline Silicon Ingots Assisted by Recycled Multicrystalline Silicon Block Tailing as Seeds

Silicon - Nowadays, casted multicrystalline silicon is the most important material in photovoltaic industry. In order to reduce the cost of silicon ingots, the recycle of silicon ingot tailings is...     

Catalase (CAT) Gene Family in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): Genome-Wide Analysis,Identification, and Expression Pattern in Response to Multiple Hormones and Abiotic Stress Conditions

Catalase (CAT) is an antioxidant enzyme expressed by the CAT gene family and exists in almost all aerobic organisms. Environmental stresses induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that eventually hinder plant growth and development. The CAT enzyme translates the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) to water (H₂O) and reduce the ROS levels to shelter the cells’ death. So far, the CAT gene family has not been reported in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Therefore, a genome-wide comprehensive analysis was conducted to classify the CAT genes in the rapeseed genome. The current study identified 14 BnCAT genes in the rapeseed genome. Based on phylogenetic and synteny analysis, the BnCATs belong to four groups (Groups I–IV). A gene structure and conserved motif analysis showed that Group I, Group II, and Group IV possess almost the same intron/exon pattern, and an equal number of motifs, while Group III contains diverse structures and contain 15 motifs. By analyzing the cis-elements in the promoters, we identified five hormone-correlated responsive elements and four stress-related responsive elements. Further, six putative bna-miRNAs were also identified, targeting three genes (BnCAT4, BnCAT6, and BnCAT8). Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the BnCAT genes were largely related to cellular organelles, ROS response, stimulus response, stress response, and antioxidant enzymes. Almost 10 BnCAT genes showed higher expression levels in different tissues, i.e., root, leaf, stem, and silique. The expression analysis showed that BnCAT1–BnCAT3 and BnCAT11–BnCAT13 were significantly upregulated by cold, salinity, abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellic acid (GA) treatment, but not by drought and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Notably, most of the genes were upregulated by waterlogging stress, except BnCAT6, BnCAT9, and BnCAT10. Our results opened new windows for future investigations and provided insights into the CAT family genes in rapeseed.     

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) and Abscisic Acid-, Stress-, and Ripening-Induced (ASR) Gene Superfamily from Canavalia rosea and Their Roles in Salinity/Alkaline and Drought Tolerance

Canavalia rosea (bay bean), distributing in coastal areas or islands in tropical and subtropical regions, is an extremophile halophyte with good adaptability to seawater and drought. Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins typically accumulate in response to various abiotic stresses, including dehydration, salinity, high temperature, and cold, or during the late stage of seed development. Abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) genes are stress and developmentally regulated plant-specific genes. In this study, we reported the first comprehensive survey of the LEA and ASR gene superfamily in C. rosea. A total of 84 CrLEAs and three CrASRs were identified in C. rosea and classified into nine groups. All CrLEAs and CrASRs harbored the conserved motif for their family proteins. Our results revealed that the CrLEA genes were widely distributed in different chromosomes, and all of the CrLEA/CrASR genes showed wide expression features in different tissues in C. rosea plants. Additionally, we introduced 10 genes from different groups into yeast to assess the functions of the CrLEAs/CrASRs. These results contribute to our understanding of LEA/ASR genes from halophytes and provide robust candidate genes for functional investigations in plant species adapted to extreme environments.     

医药副产含磷废盐的提纯研究

随着精细化工及中间体产品的发展,各类副产废盐量不断增加,由于其产生量大及难处理等特点,成为阻碍行业发展的一大瓶颈。主要开展了医药副产含磷废盐的提纯实验研究,针对废盐产生的途径和特性,采用洗脱剂（甲醇-乙醇）+活性炭混合洗脱与重结晶的方式,分别去除废盐中的有机物和氯化钠,回收可利用的磷酸盐,实现废盐的提纯资源化。当洗脱剂与废盐的体积质量比为1 mL/g、洗脱剂甲醇与乙醇的体积比为4∶6、活性炭用量为废盐质量的0.4%时,废盐中的有机物得到了有效去除。随后对得到的混盐进行重结晶得到回收磷酸盐,回收磷酸盐的纯度可达98%以上,符合工业磷酸盐行业标准的要求。将含磷废盐提纯回收磷酸盐,1 t废盐的处理成本约为174.24元,可回收0.61 t磷酸盐,实现了废盐的资源化再利用。     

工艺因素对82B钢280 mm x325 mm铸坯凝固过程的影响

为模拟不同工艺条件下的连铸坯的凝固过程,采用有限元法模拟了82B钢连铸的凝固过程,获得280 mm×325 mm连铸坯的温度场。结果表明,随拉速从0.60 m/min增加到0.76 m/min,凝固时f_s=1处与f_s=0处皆后移,但中心凝固时间反而增加了9.8%。随过热度由15℃增加到50℃时,凝固末端f_s=1处同样后移,约后移1.1 m。根据模拟结果改进连铸工艺,当拉速从0.60 m/min增加到0.76m/min,增加轻压下工艺可改善低倍质量。     

HQ130高强钢热影响区组织及韧性

采用金相、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）和热模拟方法，研究了不同峰值温度（Ｔｍ）和冷却时间（ｔ８／５）对ＨＱ１３０钢焊接热影响区（ＨＡＺ）显微组织、冲击韧性和断口形态的影响。试验结果表明，峰值温度１３５０℃，ｔ８／５为５～２０ｓ时，ＨＡＺ韧性较好，ｔ８／５为４０ｓ时，ＨＡＺ韧性明显降低。Ｔｍ由１３５０℃降低到８００℃时，ＨＡＺ冲击韧性相应降低；在Ｔｍ＝８００℃附近ＨＡＺ出现脆性区，冲击韧性明显较低；在Ｔｍ＝７００℃附近ＨＡＺ出现回火软化区，冲击韧性较高，硬度明显下降。实际焊接生产中应采用较小的焊接能量（ｑ／ｖ≤２０ｋＪ／ｃｍ），以防止该钢ＨＡＺ软化和脆化现象。     

NaZr2(PO4)3晶体的水热合成与表征

用水热法在较低温度较短时间内制备了NaZr2(PO4)3晶体,对其合成机制进行了讨论,采用XRD,SEM,IR,TEM和BET等方法对制备的样品进行了表征.结果表明,所合成的NaZr2(PO4)3晶体具有良好的结晶度,尺寸分布在100nm～400nm之间,晶体平均孔隙直径为7.566nm.与沸腾回流法相比较表明,此水热法是更为有效的合成方法.     

电解电容器铝箔纯交流腐蚀工艺影响因素的研究

对电解电容器铝箔交流腐蚀体系中各影响因素的研究结果表明，在电流密度为０．５Ａ／ｃｍ２，温度为４７±２℃；控制腐蚀液中Ａｌ（３＋）含量及适量添加表面保护剂和辅助添加剂的条件下，可获得最大比电容。通过循环伏安曲线测试，探讨了各因素影响腐蚀的机理及相互关系。     

Extraction-chromatographic Separation of Microamount Scandium(Ⅲ)with HEH(EHP) Resin and Its Analytical Application

The optimum conditions for the extraction-chromatography by using 2-ethylhexyl-2-ethylhexyl-phosphonate resin to separate scandium(Ⅲ)from large amounts of other metal ions were reported.A me-thod for the separation and determination of microamount of scandium has been developed.This methodgives higher accuracy and reproducibility than solvent extraction with PMBP,especially,for the samplescontaining high content of titanium.Many shortcomings of other methods ever reported can be overcomeby the present method.     

SOME ASPECTS OF THE THERMODYNAMICS OF MELTS

为了从二元系中两组元活度的测定值之比求得该两组元的活度值,导出了一个变通的 Gibbs-Duhem 方程式,并在 PbCl_2-SnCl_2,PbCl_2-CdCl_2,AgCl-CuCl,Cu_2S-FeS,PbO-BiO_(1.5),PbO-SbO_(1.5),CaO-CaF_2及 CaO-SiO_2-CaF_2等冶金熔体中得到应用.多年前所发展的从 Ag 和 Pb 二元相图求得两组元活度的方法已扩大到含有单个 AB 化合物的二元系.用这一方法已求得 In-Sb 和 Sn-Te 系中各组元的活度.在研究某些黑色冶金渣与金属间的平衡时,用一适当选择的非铁金属代替 Fe作为熔剂金属有助于克服某些实验上的困难.采用 Sn 或 Cu 与熔渣平衡研究了 CaO-SiO_2,CaO-Al_2O_3和 CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3体系.对 CaO-SiO_2二元系获得的数据可以认为具有足够的准确度来验证 Masson 模型的合理性.