一类随机蚊虫种群模型及其渐近性态

基于沃尔巴克氏菌影响下的确定性蚊虫种群模型,考虑受感染的蚊虫出生率受到环境中随机噪声的影响,建立了一类新的随机蚊虫种群模型,并研究了该随机模型的适定性和长时间渐近性态.首先,通过伊藤公式并选用适当的李雅普诺夫函数,证明了全局正解的存在唯一性;其次,定义此模型的基本再生数R0,证明了当R0<1时,受感染的蚊虫数将趋于灭绝;接着,给出模型随机平均持久的充分条件;最后,通过一个数值例子说明了定理的应用.     

云制造环境下新能源汽车供应链协同制造模式

为了解决新能源汽车制造企业生产能力资源非均衡低匹配的问题,提出云制造环境下新能源汽车供应链协同制造模式,构建了这一模式下的体系架构,并交代了云制造环境下新能源汽车供应链协同制造模式的运作流程,且分析了这一制造模式下时间、成本和价格等方面的优势,也更进一步表明这一制造模式实现的必要性,为新能源汽车的生产制造提供了一种新的途径.     

Technology for recycling and regenerating graphite from spent lithium-ion batteries

With the annual increase in the amount of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the development of spent LIBs recycling technology has gradually attracted attention. Graphite is one of the most critical materials for LIBs, which is listed as a key energy source by many developed countries. However, it was neglected in spent LIBs recycling, leading to pollution of the environment and waste of resources. In this paper, the latest research progress for recycling of graphite from spent LIBs was summarized. Especially, the processes of pretreatment, graphite enrichment and purification, and materials regeneration for graphite recovery are introduced in details. Finally, the problems and opportunities of graphite recycling are raised.     

关于高压电气设备带电检测信息化管理的研究

随着电力系统的发展,对发电、输电、供电和用电的可靠性要求越来越高,高压电气设备状态检测也尤显重要.建立了一种智慧仪器仪表在线检测智能运检平台,制定统一的数据传输规范,实现检测数据终端分析、检测结果线上管理,全面提升电力设备带电检测试验工作水平,支撑泛在电力物联网重要战略部署.     

准均匀电场下C5F10O/干燥空气与C5F10O/N2的绝缘特性

SF_6因优异的电气特性广泛应用于电器绝缘设备中,但其产生的温室效应对大气环境具有极大损害。近年来,C_5F_(10)O作为一种环保型SF_6潜在替代气体受到国内外科研工作者的关注。为进一步探究C_5F_(10)O/干燥空气与C_5F_(10)O/N_2的绝缘特性,文中利用气体绝缘性能测试平台,对不同气压、不同C_5F_(10)O分压下的2种混合气体在准均匀电场下进行工频击穿试验。实验结果表明,C_5F_(10)O混合气体绝缘强度随气体压强的增大而增大;提高C_5F_(10)O分压亦可提高两类缓冲气体的绝缘强度,且对N_2绝缘强度提升相对值大于干燥空气。从绝缘强度考虑,适当增大C_5F_(10)O混合气体气压和C_5F_(10)O分压,C_5F_(10)O/干燥空气比C_5F_(10)O/N_2混合气体更具潜力替代室内中低压设备中的SF_6。     

Preparation of High Strength and Toughness Aramid Fiber by Introducing Flexible Asymmetric Monomer to Construct Misplaced-Nunchaku Structure

High performance fibers with high strength and toughness have great potential in composites, but contradiction between tensile strength and elongation at break makes the preparation to become a current challenge. Herein, an asymmetric structure of more flexible diamine, 3,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (3,4′-ODA), is introduced into heterocyclic aramid (PBIA) fibers to replace rigid symmetric p-phenylenediamine (PDA). By studying the properties of copolymer (mPEBA) fibers with different ratios of diamine, it is found that the mPEBA fiber reached the optimal mechanical properties with the 30% content of 3,4′-ODA. Compared with homopolymerized heterocyclic aramid fibers, the tensile strength and elongation at break of mPEBA fiber are improved by 26.2% and 38.7%, respectively. Results of X-ray diffraction show that the introduction of 3,4′-ODA structure can increase stretchability of mPEBA fibers, improving the orientation degree during hot-drawing. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm that 3,4′-ODA structure undergoes a conformation transformation to form a straightened chain during hot-drawing, while symmetrical 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (4,4′-ODA) cannot form the same conformation. The misplaced-nunchaku structure is formed based on the special meta-para position of 3,4′-ODA, achieving the synergy of high strength and high toughness.     

A Dual Physical Cross-Linking Strategy to Construct Tough Hydrogels with High Strength,Excellent Fatigue Resistance,and Stretching-Induced Strengthening Effect

Hydrogels with excellent stiffness, toughness, anti-fatigue, and self-recovery properties are regarded as promising water-containing materials. In this work, a dual physically cross-linked (DPC) sodium alginate (SA)/poly[acrylamide (AAm)-acrylic acid (AAc)-octadecyl methacrylate (OMA)]-Fe³⁺ hydrogel is reported, which is constructed by hydrophobic association (HA) and ionic coordination (IC). The optimal DPC hydrogel demonstrates excellent mechanical performance: tensile modulus of 0.65 MPa, tensile strength of 3.31 MPa, elongation at break of 1547%, and toughness of 27.8 MJ m^–3. SA/P(AAm-AAc-OMA)-Fe³⁺ DPC hydrogels also exhibit prominent anti-fatigue and self-recovery performance (99.1–109.7% modulus recovery and 90.4–108.9% dissipated energy recovery after resting for 5 min without additional stimuli at ambient temperature) through the reconstruction of reversible physical cross-linking. Some of the SA/P(AAm-AAc-OMA)-Fe³⁺ DPC hydrogels even exhibit a stretching-induced strengthening effect, which is similar to the performance of muscle—“the more training, the more strength.” Hence, the combination of HA and IC will provide an effective approach to design DPC hydrogels with desirable mechanical performances and a longer service life for wider applications of soft materials.     

高钠煤灰烧结特性研究进展

中国新疆准东煤具有储量巨大、开采成本低、挥发分高、硫含量低等特点,是优质的动力用煤。但准东煤钠含量高,燃烧利用时易在受热面上形成烧结性积灰,产生严重的结渣,极大限制了高钠煤的开发利用。因此,要实现高钠煤的清洁高效利用,需充分认识高钠煤灰的烧结特性。总结了高钠煤积灰结渣机理,概述了高钠煤灰烧结机制,探讨了二者之间的内在关联。高钠煤在燃烧过程中,煤中碱金属(主要为钠)释放并以Na_2SO_4、NaCl及Na的形式存在于烟气中,与受热面接触并于其上冷凝形成黏性内白层,内白层捕获飞灰颗粒后反应生成低熔点化合物,其烧结温度降低,使锅炉受热面上发生沾污增强型的"沾污烧结"过程。高钠煤灰的烧结过程包含固相烧结、液相烧结和气相烧结3种方式,对煤灰烧结过程的影响因素包括反应温度、化学组成、煤灰粒径、反应气氛、添加剂种类、锅炉设计和锅炉运行工况等。其中添加剂按氧化物种类可分为碱性氧化物和酸性氧化物,一般情况下碱性氧化物可以降低煤灰烧结温度,酸性氧化物可提高煤灰烧结温度。未来对于提高高钠煤灰烧结温度的研究方向可从新型添加剂出发,找到既能固定烟气中的钠,又能与灰渣中的低熔点含钠矿物质反应生成高熔点化合物的单一或混合成分的添加剂。同时,关于钠蒸气对积灰结渣在微观层面上的动态特性的影响机制也需进一步研究。概述了煤灰烧结温度的测量方法,热导率分析法、压力测量法、热机械分析法、筛分法和压降法,其中压降法是目前为止测量烧结温度较为准确的方法。介绍了上海理工大学碳基燃料洁净转化实验室在高钠煤灰烧结特性方面的研究方向,以期为解决燃用高钠煤锅炉积灰结渣问题提供参考。     

Effects of can parameters on canned—forging process of TiAl base alloy（Ⅱ）——Mechanical behavior

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Progress in flotation de-silica

1　INTRODUCTIONBayer sprocessisatypicalmethodtoproducea luminumoxidefrombauxite .Forthediasporic baux ite ,theBayer sprocesscaneconomicallyproducealu minumoxideonlywhenthemassratioofAl2 O3toSiO2 >10 .However ,inChina ,thealuminumoxidewasmainlyproducedbyusing“sinteringprocess”or“in parallelBayer sinteringcombination process”technologiesbecausethediasporic bauxiteischarac terizedbyhighcontentofaluminumoxideandsilicabutlowAl2 O3/SiO2 (average 5 6 ) .Thesetwotech nologieshavetheproble…