Scalability of parallel spatial direct numerical simulations on intel hypercube and IBM SP1 and SP2

The implementation and performance of a parallel spatial direct numerical simulation (PSDNS) approach on the Intel iPSC/860 hypercube and IBM SP1 and SP2 parallel computers is documented. Spatially evolving disturbances associated with laminar-to-turbulent transition in boundary-layer flows are computed with the PSDNS code. The feasibility of using the PSDNS to perform transition studies on these computers is examined. The results indicate that PSDNS approach can effectively be parallelized on a distributed-memory parallel machine by remapping the distributed data structure during the course of the calculation. Scalability information is provided to estimate computational costs to match the actual costs relative to changes in the number of grid points. By increasing the number of processors, slower than linear speedups are achieved with optimized (machine-dependent library) routines. This slower than linear speedup results because the computational cost is dominated by FFT routine, which yields less than ideal speedups. By using appropriate compile options and optimized library routines on the SP1, the serial code achieves 52–56 Mflops on a single node of the SP1 (45 percent of theoretical peak performance). The actual performance of the PSDNS code on the SP1 is evaluated with a real world simulation that consists of 1.7 million grid points. One time step of this simulation is calculated on eight nodes of the SP1 in the same time as required by a Cray Y/MP supercomputer. For the same simulation, 32-nodes of the SP1 and SP2 are required to reach the performance of a Cray C-90. A 32 node SP1 (SP2) configuration is 2.9 (4.6) times faster than a Cray Y/MP for this simulation, while the hypercube is roughly 2 times slower than the Y/MP for this application.     

An efficient deep learning technique for facial emotion recognition

Emotion recognition from facial images is considered as a challenging task due to the varying nature of facial expressions. The prior studies on emotion classification from facial images using deep learning models have focused on emotion recognition from facial images but face the issue of performance degradation due to poor selection of layers in the convolutional neural network model.To address this issue, we propose an efficient deep learning technique using a convolutional neural network model for classifying emotions from facial images and detecting age and gender from the facial expressions efficiently. Experimental results show that the proposed model outperformed baseline works by achieving an accuracy of 95.65% for emotion recognition, 98.5% for age recognition, and 99.14% for gender recognition.

     

Contextual Text Mining Framework for Unstructured Textual Judicial Corpora through Ontologies

Digitalization has changed the way of information processing, and new techniques of legal data processing are evolving. Text mining helps to analyze and search different court cases available in the form of digital text documents to extract case reasoning and related data. This sort of case processing helps professionals and researchers to refer the previous case with more accuracy in reduced time. The rapid development of judicial ontologies seems to deliver interesting problem solving to legal knowledge formalization. Mining context information through ontologies from corpora is a challenging and interesting field. This research paper presents a three tier contextual text mining framework through ontologies for judicial corpora. This framework comprises on the judicial corpus, text mining processing resources and ontologies for mining contextual text from corpora to make text and data mining more reliable and fast. A top-down ontology construction approach has been adopted in this paper. The judicial corpus has been selected with a sufficient dataset to process and evaluate the results. The experimental results and evaluations show significant improvements in comparison with the available techniques.     

Miniaturization of Monopole Patch Antenna with Extended UWB Spectrum via Novel Hybrid Heuristic Approach

Wireless Personal Communications - Many of the wireless systems employ ultra wide band (UWB) for its efficient data rate and optimal power consumption. However, all the wireless devices need to...     

MIMO-Frequency Diverse Array Radar with Unequal Subarrays for Improved Range-Angle Dependent Beamforming

Frequency diverse array (FDA) radar has been proposed in last decade for joint range and angle beamforming of a target. Multiple input multiple output-frequency diverse array (MIMO-FDA) radar has also been presented recently in literature to steer multiple beams by creating subarrays in transmit array. These beams help to localize the target in range as well as angle dimension. Due to same subarray size, all the beams have same beamwidth and thus exhibit same response for a given target. In this paper, we have proposed an unequal size subarrays structure for the FDA radar (US-MIMO-FDA), which allow us more focusing of the target in range and angle dimension by using beams of variable width. As a result the echoes received at the receiver help in better estimation of target parameters. The effectiveness of proposed scheme has been shown by comparing transmit and received beam patterns of proposed scheme with MIMO-FDA with equal subarrays Performance analysis of proposed scheme has also been done in terms of output signal to interference plus noise ratio, detection probability and cramer-rao lower bound. Simulation and results have verified better focusing of target by proposed design as compared to existing subarrays schemes for MIMO-FDA.     

Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (HSPCs) and Hematopoietic Microenvironment: Molecular and Bioinformatic Studies of the Zebrafish Models

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in a specialized microenvironment in a peculiar anatomic location which regulates the maintenance of stem cells and controls its functions. Recent scientific progress in experimental technologies have enabled the specific detection of epigenetic factors responsible for the maintenance and quiescence of the hematopoietic niche, which has improved our knowledge of regulatory mechanisms. The aberrant role of RNA-binding proteins and their impact on the disruption of stem cell biology have been reported by a number of recent studies. Despite recent modernization in hematopoietic microenvironment research avenues, our comprehension of the signaling mechanisms and interactive pathways responsible for integration of the hematopoietic niche is still limited. In the past few decades, zebrafish usage with regards to exploratory studies of the hematopoietic niche has expanded our knowledge for deeper understanding of novel cellular interactions. This review provides an update on the functional roles of different genetic and epigenetic factors and molecular signaling events at different sections of the hematopoietic microenvironment. The explorations of different molecular approaches and interventions of latest web-based tools being used are also outlined. This will help us to get more mechanistic insights and develop therapeutic options for the malignancies.     

Effect of Cathode Designs on Radiation Emission of Compact Diode (CD) Device

A comparative study on the radiation emission such as X-ray yield and efficiency has been carried out in compact diode device. Two different designs of cathode having sharp-edged razor blade (of 0.5 mm thickness with width 2 mm) and a sewing machine needle (of 0.5 mm diameter at tip with length of 39 mm) have been tested for this study. The radiation emission (X-ray yield) was determined by employing two set of PIN diodes at fixed positions. The maximum X-ray yield depends on cathode designs and electrodes separation in few mm. The yield of X-ray is small in the case of sharp-edged razor blade cathode than the sewing machine needle cathode. The X-ray yield, measured by 4π-geometry, shows its dependence on the cathode designs. The maximum X-ray yield is found to be 939.2 ± 65.7 mJ with efficiency of 0.4142 ± 0.0289%. This study indicates that the compact diode device could be optimized to a great extent for optimal X-ray yield by using an appropriate cathode design.     

A Low Power Minimal Error IEEE 802.15.4 Transceiver for Heart Monitoring in IoT Applications

Wireless Personal Communications - With the advancement of communication technologies, the number of devices connected to the internet is increasing exponentially day by day. Multiple IoT...     

A comparative study of the stress relaxation in aged and un-aged high-purity aluminium polycrystals

Stress relaxation in 99.996% aluminium polycrystals of average grain-diameter 0.30, 0.42 and 0.51 mm, annealed at 500°C and aged for six months at room temperature, has been studied as a function of initial stress level from which relaxation at constant strain was allowed to start. Data were also obtained with annealed but un-aged aluminium specimens of the same purity and grain size for comparison. The grain size has no notable effect on the strength parameters and stress-relaxation rate in both aged and un-aged aluminium. The room-temperature ageing causes significant increase in the yield stress, while tensile strength and fracture stress remain un-effected. The intrinsic height of the thermally-activable energy barrier (1.64 eV) evaluated for aged aluminium is comparable with that (1.94 eV) for un-aged aluminium, and is of the order of magnitude for recovery processes. In aged specimens, the relaxation rate at a given stress level is 30% larger and associated activation volume is accordingly smaller than that in un-aged specimens. This is most probably due to the diffusion of vacancies and/or residual gaseous and metallic impurity atoms to the cores of edge dislocations in aged specimens.