The association between maternal cocaine use and placenta previa

We compared various diagnostic tests for their abilities to detect Mycobacterium ulcerans infection in specimens from patients with clinically active disease. Specimens from 10 patients from the area of Zangnanado (Department of Zou, Benin) with advanced, ulcerated active M. ulcerans infections were studied by direct smear, histopathology, culture, PCR, and oligonucleotide-specific capture plate hybridization (OSCPH). A total of 27 specimens, including 12 swabs of exudate collected before debridement and 15 fragments of tissue obtained during debridement, were submitted to bacteriologic and histopathologic analysis. The histopathologic evaluation of tissues from all six patients so tested revealed changes typical of those caused by M. ulcerans infection. Five specimens were contaminated, and M. ulcerans was cultivated on L?wenstein-Jensen medium from 12 of the remaining 22 (54.5%) specimens. Detection of mycobacteria was performed by PCR, and M. ulcerans was detected by OSCPH with a new probe (5'-CACGGGATTCATGTCCTGT-3') reacting with M. ulcerans and Mycobacterium marinum. In 10 of 22 (45.5%) specimens, M. ulcerans was identified by PCR-OSCPH. There was no statistically significant difference between the detection of M. ulcerans by culture and by PCR-OSCPH (P > 0.05). This is the first demonstration of an amplification system (PCR-OSCPH) with a sensitivity similar to that of culture for the direct and rapid recognition of M. ulcerans in clinical specimens. This system is capable of identifying M. ulcerans, even in paucibacillary lesions. Our findings suggest that PCR-OSCPH should be used in the quest for the elusive environmental reservoir(s) of M. ulcerans.     

Radiography of the surgical breast biopsy specimen

Seasonal clustering of sarcoidosis presenting with erythema nodosum (EN) has previously been reported only in the northern hemisphere. Of 59 patients presenting to a single centre in New Zealand with a new diagnosis of sarcoidosis, 21 had EN and three more had acute arthralgia without EN. These patients were compared with the rest of the cohort. The patients with EN or arthralgia alone presented exclusively between April and December, with peak clustering in the spring months of August, September and October (p<0.001, Fisher's exact test). This cohort was more likely to have a stage I chest radiograph and to be female (p<0.05), but there were no other differences between the groups. This is the first report of seasonal clustering in the southern hemisphere suggesting a common environmental trigger in the aetiology of sarcoidosis.     

地层压力随钻检测新方法及其应用

根据目前国内在地层孔隙压力预测及检测方面存在的困难和问题，提出了地层孔隙压力随钻检测新方法——岩石强度法。通过实验建立了合理的岩石强度计算模型；利用现场大量的随钻录井数据和测试数据建立了岩石强度与地层孔隙压力的关系模型，并对地层孔隙压力的具体计算方法作了阐述。开发研制出地层孔隙压力综合评估软件系统。新疆塔西南地区３口井和渤海油田４口井中应用表明，新方法检测精度高，适应性强。     

Possible fault detection in cottonball basin,California: an application of radar remote sensing

An analysis of a 3-cm wavelength radar image of Cottonball Basin in Death Valley National Monument has revealed the existence of two suspect fault traces in evaporite deposits that are less than 2000-yr old. The traces are well defined on the image because the radar system was able to differentiate surface roughness variations at the centimeter scale. The features are not recognizable on data sets recorded in the visible and near-infrared spectral bands. Results indicate the potential of radar images as a tool to help locate recent breaks along a fault when the disturbed zone is represented by a somewhat rougher surface than is found in immediately adjacent areas.     

宽带综合业务数字网的发展与关键技术

90年代世界较发达国家都在加速研究开发宽带综合业务数字网(B-ISDN),以及为最终实现B-ISDN而进行网络演变和宽带业务应用等研究工作。本文概要介绍了包括中国在内的几个国家B-ISDN的发展策略和进展情况,以及B-ISDN关键技术。     

The efficacy and safety of miglitol therapy compared with glibenclamide in patients with NIDDM inadequately controlled by diet alone

OBJECTIVE: To compare the therapeutic effects of the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor miglitol (BAY m 1099), the sulfonylurea glibenclamide, and placebo on parameters of metabolic control and safety in patients with NIDDM that is inadequately controlled by diet alone. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: After a 4-week placebo run-in period, 201 patients in 18 centers in 4 countries were randomized in a double-blind manner to miglitol (50 mg t.i.d., followed by 100 mg t.i.d.), glibenclamide (3.5 mg q.d/b.i.d.), or placebo for 24 weeks. Efficacy criteria were changes from baseline of HbA1c, fasting and postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels, body weight, and serum triglycerides. RESULTS: Efficacy was assessed in 119 patients who completed the full protocol, and the results were similar to those obtained in 186 patients who fulfilled the validity criteria for analysis. Compared with placebo, mean baseline-adjusted HbA1c decreased by 0.75% (P = 0.0021) and 1.01% (P = 0.0001) in the miglitol and glibenclamide treatment groups, respectively. Blood glucose decreased slightly in the fasting state and considerably in the postprandial state in both treatment groups but not in the placebo group. Fasting insulin levels increased slightly (NS) in all treatment groups; however, postprandial insulin levels decreased with miglitol, while increasing markedly with glibenclamide (P = 0.0001 between all treatment groups). Gastrointestinal side effects (flatulence and diarrhea) occurred mostly in the miglitol-treated patients, while some glibenclamide-treated patients had symptoms suggestive of hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS: Miglitol monotherapy is effective and safe in NIDDM patients. Compared with glibenclamide, it reduced HbA1c less effectively and caused more gastrointestinal side effects. On the other hand, glibenclamide, unlike miglitol, tended to cause hypoglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and weight gain, which are not desirable in patients with NIDDM.     

地球化学测井在中原油田储层评价中的应用

焦大庆，王德仁，费伯良．地球化学测井在中原油田储层评价中的应用．测井技术，１９９４，１８（ｌ）：５５～６１ＧＬＴ是斯仑贝谢研制的新仪器，它测量地层元素的丰度，并将其转换成矿物含量。本文介绍了地球化学测井的原理及测量精度．重点论述了ＧＬＴ测井在中原油田的应用效果。它在储层评价中的应用情况如下：获取地层的物性参数．计算粘土矿物含量，区别沉积体系，划分沉积相带．推断成岩演化，判断储层孔隙类型，了解胶结物成分为改造油层提供资料．指示沉积环境，判断是否存在低电阻油层。总之，它为研究人员提供了多种信息。文章也指出了ＧＬＴ测井在中原油田应用中存在的问题及发展前途。