Strong tribocatalytic dye degradation by tungsten bronze Ba4Nd2Fe2Nb8O30

The triboelectric effect has recently demonstrated its great potential in environmental remediation and even new energy applications for triggering a number of catalytic reactions by utilizing trivial mechanical energy. In this study, Ba₄Nd₂Fe₂Nb₈O₃₀ (BNFN) submicron powders were used to degrade organic dyes via the tribocatalytic effect. Under the frictional excitation of three PTFE stirring rods in a 5 mg/L RhB dye solution, BNFN demonstrates a high tribocatalytic degradation efficiency of 97% in 2 h. Hydroxyl radicals (?OH) and superoxide radicals (?O₂－) were also detected during the catalysis process, which proves that triboelectric energy stimulates BNFN to generate electron-hole pairs. The tribocatalysis of tungsten bronze BNFN submicron powders provides a novel and efficient method for the degradation of wastewater dye by utilizing trivial mechanical energy.     

Effects of non-thermal plasma treating wheat kernel on the physicochemical properties of wheat flour and the quality of fresh wet noodles

The effects of non-thermal plasma (NTP) on the physicochemical properties of wheat flour and the quality of fresh wet noodles ( FWN) were investigated. The results showed that NTP effectively decreased the total plate count (TPC), yeast and mould count (YMC) and Bacillus spp. in wheat flour. Wet gluten contents and the stability time reached the maximum when treated for 20 s. The viscosity of starch increased significantly after treatment due to the increased of damaged starch. The contents of secondary structure were altered to some extent, which was because that the ordered network structure of gluten protein broken. Furthermore, compared with the control, texture properties of FWN were enhanced significantly at 20 s, and the darkening rate of FWN was greatly inhibited due to the low polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. Consequently, the most suitable treatment was 500 W for 20 s, providing a basis for the application of NTP in flour products.     

半煤岩巷道联合支护方案与应用

以寺河矿南区回风大巷为工程背景,在分析巷道地质条件的基础上,通过理论计算分析了锚杆及锚索的主要支护参数,并确定了锚杆及锚索的型号;结合以往的生产实践经验,确定了巷道联合支护方案.实践表明,巷道支护方案合理,可以满足安全生产要求.     

毫米波三维异质异构集成技术的进展与应用

三维异质异构集成技术是实现电子信息系统向着微型化、高效能、高整合、低功耗及低成本方向发展的最重要方法,也是决定信息化平台中微电子和微纳系统领域未来发展的一项核心高技术。文章详细介绍了毫米波频段三维异质异构集成技术的优势、近年来的发展趋势以及面临的挑战。利用硅基MEMS 光敏复合薄膜多层布线工艺可实现异质芯片的低损耗互连,同时三维集成高性能封装滤波器、高辐射效率封装天线等无源元件,还能很好地处理布线间的电磁兼容和芯片间的屏蔽问题。最后介绍了一款新型毫米波三维异质异构集成雷达及其在远距离生命体征探测方面的应用。     

Phase constitution,microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ni-based superalloy specially designed for additive manufacturing

In this study, a kind of Ni-based superalloy specially designed for additive manufacturing (AM) was investigated. Thermo-Calc simulation and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis were used to determine phases and their transformation temperature. Experimental specimens were prepared by laser metal deposition (LMD) and traditional casting method. Microstructure, phase constitution and mechanical properties of the alloy were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission scanning electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and tensile tests. The results show that this alloy contains two basic phases, γ/γ', in addition to these phases, at least two secondary phases may be present, such as MC carbides and Laves phases. Furthermore, the as-deposited alloy has finer dendrite, its mean primary dendrite arm space (PDAS) is about 30-45 μm, and the average size of γ' particles is 100-150 nm. However, the dendrite size of the as-cast alloy is much larger and its PDAS is 300-500 μm with secondary and even third dendrite arms. Correspondingly, the alloy displays different tensile behavior with different processing methods, and the as-deposited specimen shows better ultimate tensile stress (1,085.7±51.7 MPa), yield stress (697±19.5 MPa) and elongation (25.8%±2.2%) than that of the as-cast specimen. The differences in mechanical properties of the alloy are due to the different morphology and size of dendrites, γ', and Laves phase, and the segregation of elements, etc. Such important information would be helpful for alloy application as well as new alloy development.     

Approximation Optimal Vibration Control with Applications to Jacket Offshore Platforms with Nonlinear Dynamic Characteristics

International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems - The vibration control problem of offshore jacket platforms is studied. The model of offshore platforms with nonlinear interactions of the...     

Display illumination with modulated directional backlight

Illumination is essential for modern life as colorful world is perceived by human visionary system. Display technology has been developing rapidly in recent decades, and the basic principle is related to the way that the image is illuminated and light is emanated. Traditional illumination is provided by different types of light sources, and the display image is visible in large viewing space until the emanating light decays to zero. This work proposes and demonstrates a novel illumination scheme for a display in which the displaying images are visible only in specific spatial regions. The directional backlight ensures the image propagating to specific direction while imaging visibility can be controlled to terminate abruptly at certain distance from the display screen while exerting no influence to nearby regions. The working principle for such an illumination scheme is the use of the modulated coherent directional backlight through an axicon lens. It is shown that the illumination scheme can robustly deliver carried image information to the designated viewing region. This new illumination scheme has many advantages over conventional illumination, including its usage for personal display, very lower energy consumption, as well as minimizing light hazard pollution.     

Observations on the oral organelle,cytopharynx, and subpellicular structure of a Dileptus sp.

We used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to observe the oral organelle, cytopharynx, and subpellicular structure of a Dileptus sp. The main results were as follows: (a) the cytostome was located on the ventral surface of the base of the beak, surrounded by a periportal matrix that integrated 135 microtube bundles. When these microtube bundles contract, radially arranged into a disk, the cytostome was closed. When these microtube bundles were stretch, they fell into the cytostome and opens. The diameter of the cytostome was about 16 μm regardless of its closure or opening, indicating that the contraction or elongation of these microtube bundles did not change the size of the cytostome, which was only related to whether it blocked the cytostome, thus determining the opening and closing of the cytostome. There were many microtube bundles on two sides of the feeding trough, which could widen or narrow the feeding trough and facilitate beak feeding. (b) The cytopharynx was basket‐like without a bottom with a diameter of about 6 μm and was woven from two kind fibers about 0.08 and 0.19 μm. (c) There were two types of extrusomes under the pellicle. Using transmission electron microscopy，the Type I extrusomes showed narrow and long egg shape, its cross section was circular which is composed by various electronic density of concentric. Using the scanning electron microscope, they were two slightly thin clavate, the length was about 5 μm, the diameter of the middle section was about 0.75 μm, and the diameter of the two ends was about 0.32 μm, they were distributed abundantly between the microtubule fasciculi which were located on both sides of the gap on the feeding groove. Using transmission electron microscopy, the Type II extrusomes showed egg shape. Using the scanning electron microscopy, they were about 1.6 × 0.8 μm in size, they were distributed abundantly under the body pellicle while rarely the proboscis. In addition, many different of developmental stages two types of extrusomes could be also seen in the cytoplasm. (d) There were very well‐developed fibrous systems under the pellicle that were woven from fibers about 0.14 μm in diameter that attached to the pellicle and bound some organelles in the cytoplasm (e.g., mitochondria, extrusomes) and other structures to the cytoplasm and maintained cell morphology. The results of this study not only supplement and enrich the morphological contents of the Dileptus sp., but also provide the basis for the study of the taxonomy of the Dileptus sp. It also provides a new method for researchers to explore the morphology and structure of ciliate cells under the cortex by SEM.     

Preparation and flocculation properties of biodegradable konjac glucomannan-grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride)

Polymer Bulletin - Preparation of konjac glucomannan-grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (KGM-g-PTMAAC) was carried out using KGM as polysaccharide matrix and TMAAC as cationic...     

Hydrogen Production from Catalytic Steam Reforming of Bio-Oils: A Critical Review

In the future, hydrogen will be an important energy carrier and industrial raw material. Catalytic steam reforming of bio-oils is a promising and economically viable technology for hydrogen production. However, during the reforming process, the catalysts are rapidly deactivated due to coke formation and sintering. Thus, maintaining the activity and stability of catalysts is the key issue in this process. Optimized operation conditions could extend the catalyst lifetime by affecting the coke morphology or promoting coke gasification. This article summarizes the recent developments in the field of catalytic steam reforming of bio-oils, focusing on the operation conditions, the properties of the catalysts, and the effects of the catalyst supports. The expected insights into the catalytic steam reforming of bio-oils will provide further guidance for hydrogen production from bio-oils.