Fabrication and investigation of SiO2 supported sulfated zirconia/Nafion self-humidifying membrane for proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications

A self-humidifying composite membrane based on Nafion^® hybrid with SiO₂ supported sulfated zirconia particles (SiO₂–SZ) was fabricated and investigated for fuel cell applications. The bi-functional SiO₂–SZ particles, possessing hygroscopic property and high proton conductivity, were homemade and as the additive incorporated into our composite membrane. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier infrared spectrum (FT-IR) techniques were employed to characterize the structure of SiO₂–SZ particles. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) measurements were conducted to study the morphology of composite membrane. To verify the advantages of Nafion^®/SiO₂–SZ composite membrane, the IEC value, water uptake, proton conductivity, single cell performance and areal resistance were compared with Nafion^®/SiO₂ membrane and recast Nafion^® membrane. The single cell employing our Nafion^®/SiO₂–SZ membrane exhibited the highest peak power density of 0.98 W cm⁻² under dry operation condition in comparison with 0.74 W cm⁻² of Nafion^®/SiO₂ membrane and 0.64 W cm⁻² of recast Nafion^® membrane, respectively. The improved performance was attributed to the introduction of SiO₂–SZ particles, whose high proton conductivity and good water adsorbing/retaining function under dry operation condition, could facilitate proton transfer and water balance in the membrane.     

认知无线电技术的研究及发展

认知无线电技术作为软件无线电技术的一个特殊扩展,受到日益广泛的关注.由于该技术能够自动检测无线电环境,调整传输参数,从空间、时间、频率、调制方式等多维度共享无线频谱,可以大幅度提高频谱利用效率.本文首先从认知无线电技术的定义入手,分别讨论了认知无线电的基本概念、功能与实现、标准化的进程.然后介绍了当前应用状况,最后分析了未来的发展及面临的挑战.     

UHV/CVD法生长硅基低位错密度厚锗外延层

采用超高真空化学气相淀积系统,以高纯Si2 H6和GeH4作为生长气源,用低温缓冲层技术在Si(001)衬底上成功生长出厚的纯Ge外延层.对Si衬底上外延的纯Ge层用反射式高能电子衍射仪、原子力显微镜、X射线双晶衍射曲线和Ra-man谱进行了表征.结果表明在Si基上生长的约550nm厚的Ge外延层,表面粗糙度小于1nm,XRD双晶衍射曲线和Ra-man谱Ge-Ge模半高宽分别为530'和5.5cm-1,具有良好的结晶质量.位错腐蚀结果显示线位错密度小于5×105cm-2可用于制备Si基长波长集成光电探测器和Si基高速电子器件.     

SOI LDMOSFET的背栅特性

在绝缘体上硅衬底上,制备了栅长为0.5μm的低势垒体接触结构和源体紧密接触结构的横向双扩散功率晶体管.详细研究了器件的背栅特性.背栅偏置电压对横向双扩散功率晶体管的前栅亚阈值特性、导通电阻和关态击穿特性均有明显影响.相比于源体紧密接触结构,低势垒体接触结构横向双扩散功率晶体管的背栅效应更小,这是因为低势垒体接触结构更好地抑制了浮体效应和背栅沟道开启.还介绍了一种绝缘体上硅横向双扩散功率晶体管的电路模型,其包含前栅沟道,背栅沟道和背栅偏置决定的串联电阻.     

基于空间复用的超宽带媒体接入控制技术

该文研究超宽带无线网络的媒体接入控制技术和协议。主要分析有望适配应用在未来超宽带网络中的IEEE 802.15.3的媒体接入控制协议的基本原理,应用超宽带通信具有精确定位信息的特征,改进IEEE 802.15.3协议。提出一种基于空间复用的超宽带媒体接入控制方案。仿真结果表明,与基本IEEE 802.15.3技术相比,空间复用媒体接入控制技术的网络吞吐量和数据包接入时延性能都得到了较大的改善。     

一种组合的LSD和DFE V-BLAST检测算法

在多天线系统中,BLAST是提高系统通信容量的有效方式。最简单的空间复用方式是V-BLAST,它的检测算法相对简单,有ZF-DFE,MMSE-DFE,ML和ML-DFE等检测算法。该文在这几种算法的基础上,讨论了改进ML-DFE性能的方法,给出了ZF和MMSE方式的组合LSD和DFE检测算法。仿真表明LSD算法只需输出3个检测结果,在复杂度增加不多的条件下,就可以获得大的性能改进,而MMSE方式的算法较ZF算法有更好的性能。     

类傅里叶变换的多分量信号分离重构

针对多分量信号重构的问题,该文提出了一种新颖的类傅里叶变换方法,并对其基本性质进行了分析。采用该方法将频域上混叠但在时频二维频谱图上不重叠的多分量信号变换到类傅里叶变换域,使之在频谱上不产生混叠,从而达到信号分离重构的目的。与分数傅里叶域最优滤波的方法进行的对比分析说明,类傅里叶变换方法的适用范围更宽。文中对非线性的多分量调幅信号进行了仿真计算,得到了满意的结果。表明该方法在信号检测和分析方面具有应用价值。     

PDSOI nMOSFETs关态击穿特性

分别采用不同的背栅沟道注入剂量制成了部分耗尽绝缘体上硅浮体和H型栅体接触n型沟道器件.对这些器件的关态击穿特性进行了研究.当背栅沟道注入剂量从1.0×1013增加到1.3×1013cm-2,浮体n型沟道器件关态击穿电压由5.2升高到6.7V,而H型栅体接触n型沟道器件关态击穿电压从11.9降低到9V.通过测量寄生双极晶体管静态增益和漏体pn结击穿电压,对部分耗尽绝缘体上硅浮体和H型栅体接触n型沟道器件的击穿特性进行了定性解释和分析.     

LMBE法生长Mg0.2Zn0.8O及MSM型紫外探测器的制备

采用激光分子束外延(LMBE)方法在蓝宝石(0001)面生长了高质量的Mg0.2Zn0.8O薄膜,并对薄膜在空气中900℃进行了1h的退火处理,然后采用剥离方法在薄膜表面制作了Al叉指电极,制备出MSM型Mg0.2Zn0.8O光电导紫外探测器.对响应时间的测试表明,探测器的上升时间仅为14.3ns,下降时间为6.5μs.     

Group-blind intersymbol multiuser detection for downlink CDMA with multipath

Group-blind multiuser detectors for uplink code-division multiple-access (CDMA) were recently developed by Wang and Host-Madsen. These detectors make use of the spreading sequences of known users to construct a group constraint to suppress the intracell interference. However, such techniques demand the estimation of the multipath channels and the delays of the known users. In this paper, several improved blind linear detectors are developed for CDMA in fading multipath channels. The proposed detectors utilize the correlation information between consecutively received signals to generate the corresponding group constraint. It is shown that by incorporating this group constraint, the proposed detectors can provide different performance gains in both uplink and downlink environments. Compared with the previously reported group-blind detectors, our new methods only need to estimate the multipath channel of the desired user and do not require the channel estimation of other users. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed detectors outperform the conventional blind linear multiuser detectors.