聚二甲基硅氧烷表面波浪形微纳米沟槽的制备

采用空气等离子体氧化及单向应力释放法制备出近似平行排列的聚二甲基硅氧烷波浪形微纳米沟槽阵列,并阐述了经等离子体氧化的聚二甲基硅氧烷在单向应力释放中波浪形微纳米沟槽的形成机理及相应的影响因素。结果表明,波浪形沟槽的间距均随着等离子体氧化时间的延长而增大,较低速率的应力释放有利于沟槽的规整有序。     

Combustion and emission characteristics of ethanol-biodiesel-water micro-emulsions used in a direct injection compression ignition engine

This work aims on the efficient use of ethanol-biodiesel-water micro-emulsions in a diesel engine. A single cylinder direct injection diesel engine is tested using neat biodiesel and the micro-emulsions as fuels under variable operating conditions. The results indicate that, compared with biodiesel, the peak cylinder pressure of the micro-emulsions is almost identical, and the peak pressure rise rate and peak heat release rate are higher at medium and high engine loads. At low engine loads, those of the micro-emulsions are lower. The start of combustion is later for the micro-emulsions than for biodiesel. For the micro-emulsions, there is slightly higher brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), while lower brake specific energy consumption (BSEC). Drastic reduction in smoke is observed with the micro-emulsions at high engine loads. Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions are found slightly lower under all rang of engine load for the micro-emulsions. But carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions are slightly higher for the micro-emulsions than that for biodiesel at low and medium engine loads.     

含金属芯压电纤维的传感特性研究

基于设计和工程实用性的需要,建立了含金属芯压电纤维压电传感器的理论模型。根据本构关系方程,推导出悬臂杆结构含金属芯压电纤维受轴向力和轴向应变后产生电荷的解析表达式;分别计算了不同半径比、含钨芯和铂金芯的压电纤维受到固定轴向力和固定轴向应变时产生的电荷值,分析了金属芯性能和半径比对产生电荷的影响。试验比较了不同长度和半径的压电纤维的准静态和动态应变传感性能,测试了等强度梁的固有振动频率。试验结果表明,该传感器具有较高的准静态和动态应变传感灵敏度,最高达0.163nC/με;具有较好的冲击振动传感性能。     

HXJ180MB变轨距海洋轻型钻机的开发与应用

目前中海油天津分公司调整井作业量大,钻井船资源紧张,采用搬迁修井机到其它平台钻井作业的方式费用高、周期长。鉴于此,研制了HXJ180MB变轨距海洋轻型钻机。该钻机的下移动座设计为跨距可调式,可满足不同海洋平台导轨跨距要求;上、下移动座采用平行及垂直2种布置形式的切换,可增强该钻机对不同海洋平台的适应性;上移动座3面甩钻设计可满足不同海洋平台甩钻区域要求。至今,该轻型钻机已在中海油天津分公司顺利实施了4口调整井作业,包括采用垂直布置方式完成了1口平台极限井位的调整井作业。     

Fabrication of multiwalled carbon nanotubes/polypyrrole/Prussian blue ternary composite nanofibers and their application for enzymeless hydrogen peroxide detection

In this article, Prussian blue (PB) covered multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/polypyrrole (PPy) ternary composite nanofibers with good dispersibility in water and ethanol have been prepared by directly mixing ferric-(III) chloride and potassium ferricyanide in the presence of MWCNT/PPy coaxial nanofibers under ambient conditions. Transmission electron microscopy shows that the as-synthesized PB nanoparticles covered on the surface of MWCNT/PPy nanofibers. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–Visible spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction patterns have been used to characterize the obtained MWCNT/PPy/PB ternary composite nanofibers. The MWCNT/PPy/PB ternary composite nanofibers exhibit good electrocatalytic response to detection of H₂O₂ and provide a new material to modify electrode for amperometric biosensors.     

中国极地大气科学观测工程

极地位于地球南北两端,是全球变化研究的关键地区,要了解全球变化,特别是全球气候变化,必须对极地有所研究。我国的南极和北极实地科学考察研究,分别始于20世纪80年代和90年代。作为国家行为,到2011年年底,组织了28次南极考察、4次北冰洋考察和8次北极陆地考察;在南北极建立了4个科学考察站6,个自动气象站;形成了以有人考察站、无人自动气象站和"雪龙"号破冰科学考察船为主体的极地科学考察研究硬件支撑体系。在此过程中初步建成了包括常规气象业务、准业务和短期考察在内的中国极地大气科学观测工程体系;该技术系统所获科学数据已在我国极地科学研究中广泛应用,并在国内外产生了重大影响。     

四川盆地致密砂岩气藏勘探现状与资源潜力评价

川中地区是目前须家河组已发现储量集中区,由于气源的不充分性导致气藏含水饱和度高,规模经济开发难度偏大。在成藏条件综合研究的基础上,评价认为须家河组下一步勘探潜力区主要分布在川中西部的金华-蓬溪地区须二和须四段,以及川西北部的剑阁-柘坝场地区须三段,这些区域气源灶发育,生气强度大,储层保持较好,且构造和裂缝发育,多口高产气井和规模储量的发现表明其成藏潜力巨大,将成为须家河组天然气勘探的重要新领域。     

风电机组振动监测系统对齿轮箱故障的检测与诊断

着重介绍了本特利内华达ADAPT.wind风电机组在线状态监测系统边带能量率的算法原理,并以在风电机组齿轮箱故障诊断中的应用实例,充分说明其对风电场运营业主提高风电机组管理水平和运营效率的有效性。     

Microwave synthesis and characterization of Pt nanoparticles supported on undoped nanodiamond for methanol electrooxidation

Platinum nanoparticles supported on undoped nanodiamond (ND) with an average particle size of 50 nm were prepared using a microwave-heating polyol method. This method involves the addition of different amounts of chloroplatinic acid in the synthesis solution to obtain different Pt mass percentages. The Pt/ND catalysts were characterized by energy-dispersive spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The small and uniform Pt nanoparticles were highly dispersed on ND supports. The mean size of the Pt particles was 4–5 nm. The effect of Pt loading on catalytic performance was investigated. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that the Pt/ND catalysts prepared with proper Pt mass percentage exhibited a significantly high electrocatalytic activity for methanol electrooxidation.     

pH-Controlled Delivery of Doxorubicin to Cancer Cells, Based on Small Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres

Mesoporous carbon nanospheres (MCNs) with small diameters of ≈90 nm are developed as an efficient transmembrane delivery vehicle of an anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX). MCNs exhibit a high loading capacity toward DOX due to hydrophobic interactions and the supramolecular π stacking between DOX and the carbonaceous structures, on which the pH-dependent drug release are successfully achieved. Specifically, DOX can be loaded onto MCNs in basic solution and in a physiological pH range, while release occurs in acidic solution in its ionized state. By effective passive and active targeting, MCNs can be readily internalized into HeLa cells, where the carried DOX can be efficiently released in the acidic microenvironment of the tumors for further therapy. The endocytosis and cytotoxicity of DOX@MCNs toward HeLa cells are investigated by confocal microscopy and MTT assay. This smart pH-dependent drug loading and release property of DOX@MCNs makes it possible to reduce the cytotoxicity to normal tissues during circulation in the body since the normal physiological pH is ≈7.4.