Atropine and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction

Six asthmatic children were studied to determine whether supplemental, parenteral atropine would increase the effects of bronchodilation and protection against exercise-induced bronchoconstriction after maximal effects had been achieved by inhalation. First, we determined the amount of inhaled atropine sulfate that would give maximal bronchodilation for each patient at rest. This quantity of atropine was designated as "A." Then all subjects exercised for five sessions with the following pre-exercise treatments in a random order: (a) inhaled distilled water plus intramuscular (IM) saline solution; (b) inhaled A dose of atropine plus IM saline solution; (c) inhaled distilled water plus 0.35 mg IM atropine; (d) inhaled A dose of atropine plus 0.35 mg IM atropine; and (e) inhaled double the A dose plus IM saline solution. The results showed that the combination of inhaled and IM atropine had the greatest bronchodilation effect and the greatest protection against exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Atropine inhalation alone (A dose) or IM injection (0.35 mg) was not as effective in bronchodilation or in alleviation of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Doubling the dose of inhalation (2A) did not increase the effects of the A dose. These results support the hypothesis that inhaled atropine does not reach all the airways where cholinergic receptors are present.     

Feasibility study of the application of voltage contrast to printed circuit board

Voltage contrast (VC) has been a powerful tool for the failure analysis of integrated circuits and multichip module. As the packing density of printed circuit board (PCB) is increasing, conventional failure analysis methods to detect open or short circuit in PCBs are no longer adequate, and voltage contrast method could be a method for this purpose. However, unlike the cases of integrated circuits and multichip module, there are many areas in PCB that will produce serious charging effect when examine under the scanning electron microscope. One of the areas is the presence of solder mask on PCB.This work examines the feasibility of using voltage contrast for PCB failure analysis. Specially designed PCB is used for experimentation, and it is found that positive bias on one track and zero bias on another copper track provide a better image contrast as compared to negative and zero biases on the tracks. Also, the variation of the image contrast with different spacing between inter copper tracks has studied. It is found that the variation depends on the presence of solder mask and its location. The variation can be very different for negative bias case as compared to the positive bias case.Finite element analysis is also performed to explain the experimental observations. All the observations can be well explained by the charging effect of the solder masks. The charging effect of solder mask is indeed very significant in affecting the image contrast, and it could reduce the contrast to almost zero in some cases.     

山西移动NGN建设探讨

首先着重分析了山西移动本地NGN的需求。阐述了山西移动NGN建设需要考虑的因素．最后就山西移动NGN的网络建设策略提出了具体的建议。     

基于GIS的道路事故黑点聚类应用研究

由于地理信息系统中数据的多样性和空间复杂性,在GIS数据空间挖掘时原有的挖掘算法会遇到一些新问题。本文针对城市道路网中交通事故黑点发掘问题,对基于密度的DBSCAN算法进行改进,使改进后的算法能够确保聚类仅在连通空间内进行。最后以某市交通事故数据为例对该方法进行验证,实验结果表明此方法是有效的。     

现代电炉炼钢技术发展趋势

综述国内外电炉炼钢技术发展趋势。就国内外电弧炉技术现状度发展趋势进行了讨论，总结了目前电弧炉发展的短期目标、长期目标。     

蓝钨制取超细钨粉的研究

以蓝钨为原料,通过氢还原制取超细W粉末,研究了还原温度、装舟量和氢气流量对制取W粉粒度的影响。结果表明:在适当的工艺条件下,使用蓝钨可以制得超细钨粉。     

对二乙氨基苯基亚甲基若丹宁固相萃取光度法测定氰化渣中铂的研究

根据对二乙氨基苯基亚甲基若丹宁 (DEABR)与铂的显色反应及C18固相萃取小柱对显色络合物的固相萃取 ,并结合微波溶解样品 ,建立了一种测定氰化渣中铂的方法。氰化渣样品用微波密闭溶解 ,试液中的铂在pH为 2 .0的氯乙酸 -氢氧化钠缓冲介质中、乳化剂 -OP存在下与DEABR生成 2∶1稳定络合物 ;该络合物可被C18固相小柱萃取富集 ,用氮 -氮二甲基甲酰胺 (DMF)洗脱 ,富集倍数可达 5 0倍 ,洗脱液定容后用光度法测定 ;该络合物λmax=5 45nm ,ε =8.85×10 4 L/ (mol·cm) ,铂质量浓度在 0 .0 1～ 2 .0mg/L内符合比尔定律。该方法用于氰化渣中铂的测定 ,结果令人满意。     

基于单片机控制的数字移相器设计

本文介绍了一种基于单片机控制的数字移相器，其采用环形队列实现信号波形的任意相位移相，且保持波形的幅度、频率不变。文中对其软、硬件的设计作了较为详细的阐述。     

一种高效的逆半调算法

论文提出了一种快速的逆半调算法,在高斯低通滤波的基础上,通过带通滤波提取边界信息,并使用界限函数和中值滤波修正边界映像,最后合成逆半调结果。实验证明该算法和现有算法相比计算速度快,输出图像信噪比高。     

生长抑素及其类似物的标记技术的发展

生长抑素受体显像剂是临床上应用最为普遍的放射性多肽类受体显像剂。用多种放射性同位素^111In、^90Y、^6Ga、^68Ga、^64Cu或是用^99Tc^m、^188Re以及卤族同位素^123I、^18F等对奥曲肽及其类似物进行标记得到的放射性多肽药物，已广泛用于临床显像。介绍了生长抑素类似物及标记技术的发展，对目前临床上比较成熟的生长抑素类显像剂做了综述和比较。同时介绍了目前在SST类似物开发领域及生物行为研究领域中的最新发展动态。