Study of the dead layer in germanium for the CDMS detectors

We present new measurements on a Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) detector with electron, neutron, and gamma sources. The measurements have been performed to investigate the dead layer of one of the CDMS Z-dependent Ionization Phonon germanium detectors. The dead layer has been studied at both charge electrodes and at different electric field intensities. We also present a method to remove the dependence of athermal phonon measurements on event position.     

Calculating the elastic moduli of steel-fiber reinforced concrete using a dedicated empirical formula

The equivalent inclusion method (EIM) is adopted to study the characteristics of the equivalent material properties of steel-fiber reinforced concrete as a function of the volume fraction and the length to diameter ratio of the fibers. It is found that the equivalent material moduli of concrete reinforce with randomly orientated and distributed fibers are insensitive to the length to diameter ratio of the steel fibers. A set of empirical formulae is then proposed for the purposes of engineering applications. The proposed empirical model can simplify the calculation of the equivalent material moduli. Verifications of the proposed empirical formulae with the EIM model and with experimental data are performed with two examples. The first is a compression test. The second is 4 point bending test. The empirical formulae, based on the equivalent inclusion method proposed in this study, represent an alternative means of quickly calculating the effective elastic modulus of steel-fiber reinforced concrete materials.     

高纯度和复合铁合金的生产和应用

为适应炼钢对铁合金产品质量的更高要求，满足其日益增长的需求量，铁合金企业应开发和生产高纯度铁合金、特种铁合金、包芯线、复合铁合金等品种，并在提高铁合金产品质量的同时，努力降低其生产成本。     

Geometrically Nonlinear Buffeting Response of a Cable-Stayed Bridge

A geometrically nonlinear buffeting analysis of a cable-stayed bridge in the time domain is described. The bridge structure is modeled with three-dimensional thin-walled beam elements and three-dimensional elastic catenary cable elements. Spatially correlated wind velocity fluctuations are modeled and simulated using an algorithm for generating sample functions of a stationary, multivariate stochastic process according to its prescribed cross-spectral density matrix. Aerodynamic damping and aerodynamic stiffness are formulated based on experimentally determined flutter derivatives. The focus of this paper is on the effect of fluctuating components of the spatially correlated wind velocity on the geometrically nonlinear buffeting response for an 870 m cable-stayed bridge.     

Preparation and High-Temperature Water-Gas Shift Catalytic Features of La1-xCexFeO3 Perovskite

Based on water-gas shift reaction mechanism and perovskite compounds characteristics, La1-xCexFeO3(.K) perovskite were designed and prepared as shift catalysts. DTA and XRD results reveal that La1-xCexFeO3 can be formed at 730-760℃ by mechanic-mix thermal decomposition method. Activity and heat-resisting tests show that La1-xCexFeO3 (.K) possess high thermal stability if x is less than or equals to 0.5. But when x is greater than 0.5, La1-xCexFeO3 (.K) will be converted into ceria and magnetite partially or completely under shift reaction conditions. In the case of x=0.5, the conversion of CO is about 68% at 530℃. Potassium can greatly improve the low temperature activity, but slightly reduces the high temperature activity, and has little impact on the thermal stability. La0.5Ce0.5FeO3(.K) is a promising chromium-free high temperature shift catalyst.     

Construction Effect on Load Transfer along Bored Piles

The load transfer behavior along bored piles is affected by details of pile construction particularly those imposing stress and moisture changes to the surrounding soils. An investigation involving moisture migration tests, in situ horizontal stress measurements, and borehole shear and pressuremeter tests shows clear effects of construction that lead to subsequent changes in soil properties. The construction of bored piles in Singapore and the region often involves casting of concrete either in unsupported “dry” boreholes or in “wet” boreholes filled with water. It is necessary to differentiate these two extreme construction conditions in bored pile design. Based on triaxial compression and pressuremeter tests on the residual soil of the Jurong Formation in Singapore, the variation of soil modulus with shear strain can be described by a hyperbolic function. A procedure is recommended for assessing the combined effect of stress relief and soaking on soil modulus by introducing a modulus reduction factor. Modulus degradation curves from pressuremeter tests with the borehole conditions properly simulated are found capable of producing load transfer curves that are comparable to those deduced in the field.     

Experimental Study of Seismic Behaviors of As-Built and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Repaired Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns

In order to reliably obtain seismic responses of as-built and repaired reinforced concrete bridge columns under near-fault ground motions, pseudodynamic testing of two bridge columns with a reduced scale of 2/5 was performed. Pseudodynamic test results reveal that a ductile member may have no chance to entirely develop its ductile behavior to dissipate seismic energy, because it may suddenly be destroyed by a significant pulse-like wave. The seismic performance of the two damaged bridge columns can be recovered after repair with carbon fiber reinforced plastics composite sheets. It is also experimentally confirmed that the flexural failure moment obtained from the pseudodynamic test is in good agreement with the plastic moment predicted by the ACI 318 code. As pseudodynamic test results are believed to be more accurate than numerical solutions, they can be considered as reference solutions in developing a finite-element model. An identical specimen was tested under cyclic loading to estimate basic properties of these columns, such as shear strength, flexural strength, and ductility, so that the seismic responses obtained from pseudodynamic tests can be thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, its hysteretic response may also be used to match a mathematical model to simulate the very complicated load-displacement relation for analysis.     

SDM2000半导体个人剂量仪探测器实验及测量电路研制

介绍了SDM2000个人剂量仪探测器实验及其测量电路的研制。从探测器的物理特性、工作电压、工艺等方面,对PIN光敏二极管和化合物半导体探测器进行了对比,得出了PIN光敏二极管的特点适合于个人剂量仪的结论,并进一步对PIN光敏二极管测量电路各部分包括电荷灵敏放大器、两级主放大器、脉冲幅度甄别器及DC DC电源电路的电路设计原理、使用的集成运算放大器、电路板工艺设计、主要性能指标等方面分别做了较为详细的阐述。结合SDM2000个人剂量仪使用的PIN光敏二极管探测器和其实用测量电路,通过测量和实验,给出了SDM2000个人剂量仪主要物理特性和主要性能指标。     

Accent Issues in Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition

This paper addresses accent¹ issues in large vocabulary continuous speech recognition. Cross-accent experiments show that the accent problem is very dominant in speech recognition. Analysis based on multivariate statistical tools (principal component analysis and independent component analysis) confirms that accent is one of the key factors in speaker variability. Considering different applications, we proposed two methods for accent adaptation. When a certain amount of adaptation data was available, pronunciation dictionary modeling was adopted to reduce recognition errors caused by pronunciation mistakes. When a large corpus was collected for each accent type, accent-dependent models were trained and a Gaussian mixture model-based accent identification system was developed for model selection. We report experimental results for the two schemes and verify their efficiency in each situation.     

A ReScUE XML/EDI model

Since electronic data interchange (EDI) is one of the most important components in electronic commerce and since Extensible Markup Language (XML) provides Internet developers with a powerful vehicle for exchanging messages, XML/EDI has received much attention from almost all well‐known international enterprises and is believed to be the next generation EDI. However, since XML allows developers to design their own elements and attributes, it is almost certain businesses will receive XML documents with unknown elements. Generally, human intervention is required to solve the problem. Therefore, it is indispensable to design an efficient scheme to resolve the unknown elements. In this paper, we propose a ReScUE XML/EDI model such that transformation templates will be generated automatically for documents with unknown elements, and the documents will be converted into expected format. This model increases the flexibility of XML/EDI systems and reduces human intervention. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.