The calcium-phosphorus and the simultaneous calcium-oxygen and calcium-sulfur equilibria in liquid iron

The equilibrium Ca₃P_2(s) = 3[Ca] + 2[P] was studied at 1600 ° by equilibrating liquid iron, saturated with Ca₃P₂, and contained in a TiN crucible, with Ca vapor. The source of Ca was liquid Ca contained in an Mo crucible, and the vapor pressure of Ca was varied by varying the position of the Mo crucible in the temperature gradient of a vertical tube furnace. A least-squares analysis of the data gave and. The simultaneous equilibria CaO_(s) = [Ca] + [O] and CaS_(s) = [Ca] + [S] were studied at 1600 ° by equilibrating liquid iron, contained in a pressed and sintered CaO-CaS crucible with Ca vapor. The advantage of this technique is that two equilibrium constants,K _cas andK _cao, and two interaction coefficients, and can be determined from one set of experiments. It was determined that, at 1600 °,K _cas = 5.9 × 10⁻⁸ K _cao = 5.5 × 10⁻⁹,, and. Formerly Graduate Students     

焊接设备中计算机控制系统的抗干扰

本文分析提出焊接设备中影响计算机控制系统的几种主要干扰。结合实际工作,提出了解决的措施和方法。     

An Analytical Model Including Interface Traps and Temperature Effects in Negative Capacitance Double Gate Field Effect Transistor

Silicon - In this paper, an analytical model for negative capacitance double gate field effect transistor (NC-DG-FET) is proposed. This model includes interface traps and temperature effects, which...     

Mold-filling characteristics of AZ91 magnesium alloy in the low-pressure expendable pattern casting process

The magnesium (Mg) alloy low-pressure expendable pattern casting (EPC) process is a newly developed casting technique combining the advantages of both EPC and low-pressure casting. In this article, metal filling and the effect of the flow quantity of inert gas on the filling rate in the low-pressure EPC process are investigated. The results showed that the molten Mg alloy filled the mold cavity with a convex front laminar flow and the metal-filling rate increased significantly with increasing flow quantity when flow quantity was below a critical value. However, once the flow quantity exceeded a critical value, the filling rate increased slightly. The influence of the flow quantity of inert gas on melt-filling rate reveals that the mold fill is controlled by flow quantity for a lower filling rate, and, subsequently, controlled by the evaporation of polystyrene and the evaporation products for higher metal velocity. Meanwhile, the experimental results showed that the melt-filling rate significantly affected the flow profile, and the filling procedure for the Mg alloy in the low-pressure EPC process. A slower melt-filling rate could lead to misrun defects, whereas a higher filling rate results in folds, blisters, and porosity. The optimized filling rate with Mg alloy casting is 140 to 170 mm/s in low-pressure EPC.     

Electron Emission from Barium Strontium Titanate Ceramics

This paper focuses on understanding the influence of materials' properties on the ferroelectric electron emission. Ferroelectric ( x =1.0 and 0.8) and paraelectric ( x =0.67 and 0.5) compositions of barium strontium titanate (Ba _x Sr_{(1− x )}TiO₃) system were chosen for study based on their different ferroelectric and dielectric properties. Similar emission current waveforms were obtained from four compositions with negative triggering voltage applied to the rear electrode of the samples. It was difficult to explain the experimental results using the spontaneous polarization-switching model. The mechanism of electron emission from Ba _x Sr_{(1− x )}TiO₃ ceramics was ascertained to surface plasma emission.     

丝状真菌纤维素酶合成机制的研究

丝状真菌产生的纤维素酶被认为是最有应用前景的,但就目前酶生产效率来看,离实际应用还有很大的差距,需要对酶的合成调节机制有更为全面和深刻的了解。纤维素酶的生物合成受诱导和阻遏双重控制,酶的生产既有赖于低廉的保持一定浓度诱导物的存在,又必须清除分解代谢产物对酶合成的阻遏,其中的详细机制有待进一步的阐明。真菌纤维素酶的分泌也是相当复杂的,在酶的分泌过程中,酶会发生例如糖基化等一系列变化。提高纤维素酶的活力测定方法的准确性,使其进一步规范化,是研究纤维素酶工作的另外一个重要的领域。随着现代生物学朝着分子水平的不断发展,分子生物学的许多方法也越来越多地被应用于纤维素酶的研究中,并取得了重要进展。对真菌纤维素酶合成调节机制的深入研究,将为提高纤维素酶产量,推动应用工作的发展打下理论基础。     

扩链剂在PVC树脂生产中的应用

讨论了常见扩链剂的功能及在聚氯乙烯树脂生产中的应用。     

Synthesis,characterization, and thermal properties of phosphorus‐containing,wholly aromatic thermotropic copolyesters

A series of phosphorus‐containing, wholly aromatic thermotropic copolyesters from acetylated 2‐(6‐oxide‐6H‐dibenz〈c,e〉〈1,2〉oxa phosphorin‐6‐yl)‐1,4‐dihydroxy phenylene, p‐acetoxybenzoic acid, terephthalic acid, and isophthalic acid were prepared by melting polycondensation. The structure and basic properties of the polymers, such as the glass‐transition temperature (T_g), melting temperature (T_m), thermal stability, crystallinity, and liquid crystallinity, were investigated with Fourier transform infrared, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, and hot‐stage polarizing optical microscopy. The copolyesters had relatively high T_g values ranging from 183 to 192°C. The T_m values obtained from DSC curves for samples P‐20 and P‐25 were 290 and 287°C, respectively (where the number in the sample name indicates the molar fraction of the phosphorus‐containing monomer in the reactants). The initial flow temperatures of other samples observed with hot‐stage polarizing microscopy were 271–290°C. The 5% degradation temperatures in nitrogen ranged from 431 to 462°C, and the char yields at 640°C were 41–52%. All the copolyesters, except P‐40, were thermotropic and nematic. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 1278–1284, 2002