KThin-YOLOV7:轻量级的焊接件表面缺陷检测

针对目前市面主流焊接件表面缺陷的模型检测精度不高,模型复杂和不满足实时监测等问题,提出了一种基于YOLOV7-tiny改进得到的焊接件表面缺陷新型检测模型KThin-YOLOV7。首先,设计了基于模拟人类视觉感受野的EMA-BasicRFBC模块,更换YOLOV7-tiny模型的空间特征金字塔SPP模块,从而加强模型特征表达的性能。其次,以SlimNeck设计范式结构为基础设计了ThinNeck结构,并用其更换YOLOV7-tiny的NECK特征融合部分,减少模型的参数量和计算量的同时提高了模型的平均检测精度。最后,引入K-means++算法找出合适的锚框,并用FEIOU损失函数更换原模型的LOSS,进一步帮助模型优化目标框的位置和大小。KThin-YOLOV7相对原始YOLOV7-tiny模型的mAP提升了7.11％,达到87.64％,同时模型的参数量和计算量分别下降了11.14％和15.26％。实验结果表明,KThin-YOLOV7能够高效且准确地定位检测焊接件表面的缺陷。     

稀土材料新进展

叙述了稀土材料的新种类以及应用前景，并对国内稀土工业的现状及其存在的问题、国外稀土市场概况进行了综述，同时，展望了我国稀土材料的发展方向。     

The influence of temperature, pressure, salinity and capillary force on the formation of methane hydrate

We present here a thermodynamic model for predicting multi-phase equilibrium of methane hydrate liquid and vapor phases under conditions of different temperature, pressure, salinity and pore sizes. The model is based on the 1959 van der Waals-Platteeuw model, angle-dependent ab initio inter- molecular potentials, the DMW-92 equation of state and Pitzer theory. Comparison with all available experimental data shows that this model can accurately predict the effects of temperature, pressure, salinity and capillary radius on the formation and dissociation of methane hydrate. Online calculations of the p-T conditions for the formation of methane hydrate at given salinities and pore sizes of sediments are available on: www.geochem-model.org/models.htm.     

An Ensemble Classification Algorithm Based on Information Entropy for Data Streams

Data stream mining has attracted much attention from scholars. In recent researches, ensemble classification has been wide aplied in concept drift detectio     

基于函数插值的柯氏质量流量计信号处理方法

对基于离散傅里叶变换(DFT)信号处理方式的柯氏质量流量计来说,影响其精度的关键问题是如何实现信号的整周期采样。提出了一种全新的方法,用采样率固定不变的采样数据,通过软件实时地确定信号的频率并且实现信号整周期重新采样。实验结果表明该方法在求取相位差时具有极高的精度。     

Novel transparent and flexible nanocomposite film prepared from chrysotile nanofibres

In the present study, chrysotile nanofibres, obtained from physicochemical dispersion of natural chrysotile, were used to prepare nanofibre sheets by vacuum filtration. As-prepared sheets were then impregnated by UV-curable resin and cured by ultraviolet light to fabricate the flexible and transparent nanocomposite films. Observed from SEM, the transparent films showed a smooth surface and a typical sandwich structure in cross section, viz. nanofibre sheet filled with resin was sandwiched by two layers of resin. XRD patterns indicated the amorphous nature of cured resin and characteristic crystallographic structure of chrysotile in nanocomposite films. Though the nanofibre sheets were white in colour, and nanofibre contents in nanocomposites were as much as 43.4 wt%, the nanocomposite films displayed an excellent optical transparency with about 85% light transmittance in the visible light range. Tensile tests showed that the addition of nanofibres resulted in a great improvement in mechanical strength of the nanocomposite films; with the increase of nanofibre contents, the modulus and tensile strength of nanocomposite films increased gradually.     

基于单片机的远程监测控制装置设计

基于广泛使用的PSTN网络,综合使用线路信号检测芯片判断线路状态、DTMF收发芯片接收发送DTMF信号进行命令交互,采用单片机集中控制,制作的远程监控装置,具有广泛的应用价值.     

ATR Contributes More Than ATM in Intra-S-Phase Checkpoint Activation after IR,and DNA-PKcs Facilitates Recovery: Evidence for Modular Integration of ATM/ATR/DNA-PKcs Functions

The intra-S-phase checkpoint was among the first reported cell cycle checkpoints in mammalian cells. It transiently slows down the rate of DNA replication after DNA damage to facilitate repair and thus prevents genomic instability. The ionizing radiation (IR)-induced intra-S-phase checkpoint in mammalian cells is thought to be mainly dependent upon the kinase activity of ATM. Defects in the intra-S-phase checkpoint result in radio-resistant DNA synthesis (RDS), which promotes genomic instability. ATM belongs to the PI3K kinase family along with ATR and DNA-PKcs. ATR has been shown to be the key kinase for intra-S-phase checkpoint signaling in yeast and has also been implicated in this checkpoint in higher eukaryotes. Recently, contributions of DNA-PKcs to IR-induced G₂-checkpoint could also be established. Whether and how ATR and DNA-PKcs are involved in the IR-induced intra-S-phase checkpoint in mammalian cells is incompletely characterized. Here, we investigated the contributions of ATM, ATR, and DNA-PKcs to intra-S-phase checkpoint activation after exposure to IR of human and hamster cells. The results suggest that the activities of both ATM and ATR are essential for efficient intra-S-phase checkpoint activation. Indeed, in a wild-type genetic background, ATR inhibition generates stronger checkpoint defects than ATM inhibition. Similar to G2 checkpoint, DNA-PKcs contributes to the recovery from the intra-S-phase checkpoint. DNA-PKcs–deficient cells show persistent, mainly ATR-dependent intra-S-phase checkpoints. A correlation between the degree of DSB end resection and the strength of the intra-S-phase checkpoint is observed, which again compares well to the G2 checkpoint response. We conclude that the organization of the intra-S-phase checkpoint has a similar mechanistic organization to that of the G₂ checkpoint in cells irradiated in the G₂ phase.     

图像扫描波动性定量标准及分形扫描矩阵的快速生成

在图像扫描技术中，首要的问题是如何尽量减小生成数据的波动性。本文在深入研究各种扫描技术的基础上，定义了一种描述扫描产生数据波动性的度量指标，基于图像存在局部连续性，证明了Hilbert分形曲线扫描优于其他传统扫描，表明在生成数据的最佳连续特性，并通过实验 分析了图像扫描方式对DCT变换编码效果的影响。最后，给出了一个构造Hilbert扫描矩阵的快速算法。     

空芯光子晶体光纤温度特性研究

空芯光子晶体光纤因其特殊的导光机制与传统光纤相比对环境的敏感性能有很大不同,成为多种光纤传感器性能突破的新选择.光纤陀螺作为一种应用广泛的光纤亿感器在温度稳定性方面具有极高的要求.本文正是针对这种新型光纤在光纤陀螺方面的应用,设计了一种测定其温度稳定性的方案,并通过结果证明光子晶体光纤的对温度的敏感程度要小丁目前普遍用于陀螺仪光纤环绕制的保偏光纤.