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21.
We investigate the performance of coherent analog optical links employing amplitude modulation (AM), phase modulation (PM), and frequency modulation (FM). The performance of these coherent links is compared to that of AM direct-detection (DD) links. The signal-to-noise ratios, nonlinearities, and-spurious-free dynamic ranges (SFDR's) of the foregoing links are evaluated. We calculate the SFDR for links using DFB and Nd:YAG lasers with typical linewidths of 10 MHz and 5 kHz, respectively. The performance of PM and FM links is dominated by phase noise above a critical value of received optical power. For a linewidth of 10 MHz, and SFDR's of PM and FM links are 30 and 31 dB, respectively, for a received optical power above -27 dBm in a 1 GHz bandwidth. For a linewidth of 5 kHz, the corresponding SFDR's above a received power level of 0 dBm are 51 and 53 dB. The performance of DD and AM links is dominated by RIN above a critical value of received optical power. For a RIN level of -155 dB/Hz, the SFDR's of DD and AM links are 49 and 47 dB, respectively, for a received optical power of 10 dBm in a 1 GHz bandwidth. The SFDR's of the DD and coherent links used for transmission of subcarrier-multiplexed (SCM) signals are also derived. We evaluate target laser parameters needed by a number of different applications. For AM video and antenna remoting applications, linewidths of <1 and <3 kHz are required to use PM and FM links, respectively. For FM video, linewidths of <150 and <350 MHz are required to use PM and FM links. For SCM digital applications, linewidths of <80 and <200 MHz are required to use PM and FM links. The paper concludes with a discussion of system implementation issues, including linearization, optical frequency modulation, balanced receivers, and IF issues 相似文献
22.
Sheep pulmonary adenomatosis (SPA) is a contagious bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma of sheep associated with an exogenous type D/B retrovirus known as jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV). SPA represents a unique model for lung cancer, and studies on its aetiopathogenesis can provide further insight into the mechanisms of epithelial neoplasms. 相似文献
23.
Shaofeng Wang Yuan Hu Zhihua Lin Zhou Gui Zhengzhou Wang Zuyao Chen Weicheng Fan 《Polymer International》2003,52(6):1045-1049
Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS)/montmorillonite nanocomposites have been prepared using a direct melt intercalation technique by blending ABS and organophilic clay of two different particle sizes: OMTa (5 µm) and OMTb (38 µm). Their structure and flammability properties were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, high resolution electronic microscopy (HREM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimeter experiments. The results of HREM showed that ABS/5 wt% OMTa nanocomposite was a kind of intercalated–delaminated structure, while ABS/5 wt% OMTb nanocomposite was mainly an intercalated structure. The nanocomposites showed a lower heat release rate peak and higher thermal stability than the original ABS by TGA and cone calorimeter experiments. Also, the intercalated nanocomposite was more effective than an exfoliated–intercalated nanocomposite in fire retardancy. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
24.
Basic data of four fractions, PM1, PM6, PM7and PM8, derived from Pingshuo bituminous coal were obtained by ultimate analyses, mean molecular weight measure, GC/MS, 13C-NM R, 1H-NM R and FTIR technigues. A method of calculating the average molecular parameters of the fractions is introduced. Based on the calculated parameters, the molecular structure models of the fractions of PM6, PM;and PM8are constructed. Significant structural information about the saturated hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon with heteroatom groups is given also. 相似文献
25.
本文利用简便的滴定过程模型,确立了微机模拟处理实验数据,方便、准确地求解络合滴定等当点的方法。设计了最佳实验条件模拟估计程序。该法测定Zn~(2+),Pb~(2+),Cu~(2+),Fe~(3+)结果的相对误差Δ<1%。pH=6-7时,测定Ca~(2+)的相对误差为-1.61%;σ<0.001mmol,(N=5)。 相似文献
26.
27.
Xianfu Lei Pingzhi Fan 《Communications Letters, IEEE》2008,12(10):720-721
We point out that a simpler expression could be derived for the outage probability considered by Chalise and Vandendorpe (2008). As a result, the computation of confluent hypergeometric function of two variables is not needed and the required computational effort is significantly reduced. 相似文献
28.
In this work, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was activated with ultrasonic waves. The influences of ultrasonic treatment on the changes of supramolecular structures and morphology structure were studied by WAXS and SEM. The accessibility of the MCC was characterized by water retention value (WRV) and specific surficial area. The influence of ultrasonic treatment on the reactivity of MCC was investigated through the reaction of MCC being oxidized into 2,3‐diadehyde cellulose (DAC) by periodate sodium. The mechanism of the reactivity change of ultrasonically treated MCC was examined. The results showed that the degree of crystallinity of MCC decreased and the degree of polymerization showed little change after treatment with ultrasonic waves. The morphologial variation of the treated MCC was significant when compared with the untreated MCC, which contribute to the improvement of accessibility. The aldehyde content of DAC prepared from ultrasonically treated MCC was improved from 64.19 to 85.00%, indicating that the regioselective oxidation reactivity of MCC was significantly improved. The aldehyde content was found to first increase with time of ultrasonic treatment to a point, and then decrease as time progressed. In addition, the aldehyde content was found to increase with an increase in ultrasonic power. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
29.
ROI-based Watermarking Scheme for JPEG 2000 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yu-Cheng Fan Arvin Chiang Jan-Hung Shen 《Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing》2008,27(5):763-774
A new region of interest (ROI)-based watermarking method for JPEG 2000 is presented. The watermark is embedded into the host
image based on the characteristics of the ROI to protect rights to the images. This scheme integrates the watermarking process
with JPEG 2000 compression procedures. Experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed watermark technique successfully
survives JPEG 2000 compression, progressive transmission, and principal attacks. 相似文献
30.
故事背景能够拍成电影、搬上荧幕的,都是詹姆斯·邦德最风光的功劳,其实007一年到头来并不总是如此风光,比如这个最新接到的任务。根据中情局的最新情报,来自欧洲某大国R国的间谍已经瞄准了代号为"XPS"的高度机密资料。而邦德接到的任务是保护此机密文件。 相似文献