免化学试剂-离子色谱法测定小麦粉中溴酸钾的不确定度评定

利用离子色谱法测定了小麦粉中溴酸盐,对溴酸盐测量不确定度的来源进行了分析和量化评定.实验测得:当小麦粉中的溴酸盐含量为0.42mg·kg-1时,扩展不确定度为0.08mg·kg-1(k=2).     

Ring‐opening polymerization of D,L‐lactide by rare earth 2,6‐dimethylaryloxide

Ring‐opening polymerization of D,L ‐lactide (LA) has been successfully carried out by using rare earth 2,6‐dimethylaryloxide (Ln(ODMP)₃) as single component catalyst or initiator for the first time. The effects of different rare earth elements, solvents, monomers and catalyst concentration as well as polymerization temperature and time on the polymerization were investigated. The results show that La(ODMP)₃ exhibits higher activity to prepare poly(D,L ‐lactide) (PLA) with a viscosity molecular weight of 4.5 × 10⁴ g mol^?1 and the conversion of 97 % at 100 °C in 45 min. The catalytic activity of Ln(ODMP)₃ has following sequence: La > Nd > Sm > Gd > Er > Y. A kinetic study has indicated that the polymerization is first order with respect to both monomer and catalyst concentration. The apparent activation energy of the polymerization of LA with La(ODMP)₃ is 69.6 kJ mol^?1. The analyses of polymer ends indicate that the LA polymerization proceeds according to ‘coordination–insertion’ mechanism with selective cleavage of the acyl–oxygen bond of the monomer. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Effect of surfactants and liquid hydrocarbons on gas hydrate formation rate and storage capacity

Hydrate formation rate plays an important role in making hydrates for the storage and transport of natural gas. Micellar surfactant solutions were found to increase gas hydrate formation rate and storage capacity. With the presence of surfactant, hydrate could form quickly in a quiescent system and the energy costs of hydrate formation reduced. Surfactants (an anionic surfactant, a non‐ionic surfactant and their mixtures) and liquid hydrocarbons (cyclopentane and methylcyclohexane) were used to improve hydrate formation. The experiments of hydrate formation were carried out in the pressure range 3.69–6.82 MPa and the temperature range 274.05–277.55 K. The experimental pressures were kept constant during hydrate formation in each experimental run. The effect of anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)) on natural gas storage in hydrates is more pronounced compared to a non‐ionic surfactant (dodecyl polysaccharide glycoside (DPG)). The induction time of hydrate formation was reduced with the presence of cyclopentane (CP). Cyclopentane and methylcyclohexane (MCH) could increase hydrate formation rate, but reduced hydrate storage capacity The higher methylcyclohexane concentration, the lower the hydrate storage capacity. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

陶粒混凝土复合保温板的生产及应用

本文结合国内外生产实践，介绍了陶粒混凝土复合保温板的构造、基本配方、物理力学性能、生产方法与工艺流程以及应用情况。     

花艺之旅：氤氲江南

“周庄”这个地名是在大学课堂上知道的，即将毕业的那个黄梅天，我们忽然决定去周庄。     

液力偶合器变速的渣浆泵系统能耗问题分析及节能降耗对策

以应用液力偶合器变速的渣浆泵系统的运行数据力基础．通过对这些数据的分析处理，得出了这种系统在实际运行时的能耗特点。并提出了应对这些问题的措施，在合理使用液力偶合器和节能降耗方面很有实际意义。     

Driving Mechanisms of Delamination Related Reliability Problems in Exposed Pad Packages

Exposed pad packages were introduced in the late 1980s and early 1990s because of their excellent thermal and electrical performance. Despite these advantages, the exposed pad packages experience a lot of thermo-hygro-mechanical related reliability problems during qualification and testing. Examples are die lift, which occurs predominantly after moisture sensitivity level conditions, and die-attach to leadframe delamination leading to downbond stitch breaks during temperature cycling. In this chapter, nonlinear finite element (FE) models using fracture mechanics based J-integral calculations are used to assess the reliability problems of the exposed pad package family. Using the parametric FE models any geometrical and material effects can be explored to their impact on the occurrence diepad delamination, and dielift. For instance the impact of diepad size is found to be of much less importance as the impact of die thickness is. Using the fracture mechanics approach, the starting location for the delamination from thermo-hygro-mechanical point of view is deducted. The results indicate that when diepad delamination is present, cracks are likely to grow beneath the die and dielift will occur. The interaction between dielift and other failure modes, such as lifted ball bonds, are not found to be very significant. The FE models are combined with simulation-based optimization methods to deduct design guidelines for optimal reliability of the exposed pad family.     

Optimal transfer trees and distinguishing trees for testing observable nondeterministic finite-state machines

The fault-state detection approach for blackbox testing consists of two phases. The first is to bring the system under test (SUT) from its initial state to a targeted state t and the second is to check various specified properties of the SUT at t. This paper investigates the first phase for testing systems specified as observable nondeterministic finite-state machines with probabilistic and weighted transitions. This phase involves two steps. The first step transfers the SUT to some state t' and the second step identifies whether t' is indeed the targeted state t or not. State transfer is achieved by moving the SUT along one of the paths of a transfer tree (TT) and state identification is realized by using diagnosis trees (DT). A theoretical foundation for the existence and characterization of TT and DT with minimum weighted height or minimum average weight is presented. Algorithms for their computation are proposed.     

基于频率采样技术的FIR数字滤波器优化设计

本文提出了一种FIR数字滤波器满意优化设计方法，将滤波器过渡带样本值作为优化变量，通过设计通带、过渡带和阻带性能指标满意度函数和综合满意度函数，构造出满意优化模型，并用本文提出的新量子遗传算法搜索满意解，FIR高通和带阻数字滤波器的设计结果表明，采用满意优化方法设计的FIR滤波器的性能优于传统方法。