一种分布式序列模式挖掘算法

针对分布式环境下的序列模式挖掘问题,提出了一种分布式序列模式挖掘(DSPM)算法。DSPM以PrefixSpan算法为基础,使用抽样检测技术平衡了任务负载,将挖掘任务分解后分配到多台计算机上以多进程、多线程并行执行。另外采用了伪投影技术来降低生成投影数据库的开销。实验结果表明,DSPM算法能够快速有效地挖掘分布式环境下的全局序列模式。     

Carbon Black-Supported Single-Atom Co?N?C as an Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalyst for H2O2 Production in Acidic Media and Microbial Fuel Cell in Neutral Media

Single metal atom isolated in nitrogen-doped carbon materials (M N C) are effective electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which produces H₂O₂ or H₂O via 2-electron or 4-electron process. However, most of M N C catalysts can only present high selectivity for one product, and the selectivity is usually regulated by complicated structure design. Herein, a carbon black-supported Co N C catalyst (CB@Co N C) is synthesized. Tunable 2-electron/4-electron behavior is realized on CB@Co-N-C by utilizing its H₂O₂ yield dependence on electrolyte pH and catalyst loading. In acidic media with low catalyst loading, CB@Co N C presents excellent mass activity and high selectivity for H₂O₂ production. In flow cell with gas diffusion electrode, a H₂O₂ production rate of 5.04 mol h⁻¹ g⁻¹ is achieved by CB@Co N C on electrolyte circulation mode, and a long-term H₂O₂ production of 200 h is demonstrated on electrolyte non-circulation mode. Meanwhile, CB@Co N C exhibits a dominant 4-electron ORR pathway with high activity and durability in pH neutral media with high catalyst loading. The microbial fuel cell using CB@Co N C as the cathode catalyst shows a peak power density close to that of benchmark Pt/C catalyst.     

XLPE/SiO2纳米复合材料长期直流老化特征寿命恶化分析

为了研究纳米SiO₂改性后的交联聚乙烯（XLPE）在直流电场下的长期老化规律,该文对纯XLPE和XLPE/SiO₂纳米复合材料的老化性能进行对比研究。首先在不同直流电压下分别对两种材料进行老化实验,发现XLPE/SiO₂纳米复合材料在电场较高时的确具有较纯XLPE更优异的耐电特性,但随着施加直流电场的降低,XLPE/SiO₂纳米复合材料的特征寿命与纯XLPE的越来越接近,直到该文测试的最低直流电场强度115kV/mm（特征寿命1 000h以上）,XLPE/SiO₂纳米复合材料的特征寿命已低于纯XLPE。对比分析XLPE/SiO₂纳米复合材料和纯XLPE老化数据显示,纳米复合材料的寿命指数低于纯XLPE。该文直流老化研究结果表明,尽管XLPE/SiO₂纳米复合材料的短期电性能指标优于纯XLPE,但长期直流老化性能会比纯XLPE差。     

基于BFGS信赖域算法的电-气综合能源系统能流计算

电-气综合能源系统能流计算的计算方法多为牛顿法,具有初值敏感性问题,若初值选取不当会造成计算不收敛。现有研究中天然气系统(natural gas system, NGS)的计算初值选取问题还未有适用的解决方法。从能流算法方面入手,提出基于BFGS信赖域算法的电-气综合能源系统能流计算方法,利用BFGS(Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno)信赖域算法对初值依赖性不高特点,求取NGS的能流分布,解决使用Newton法进行计算时潮流计算容易不收敛的问题。基于6节点天然气系统和19节点电-气综合能源系统的算例,验证了方法的准确性和有效性     

基于压电力显微镜的铌酸锂电畴稳定性研究

研究了Z切700 nm厚的单晶铌酸锂(LiNbO₃)薄膜电畴的调控方法。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对单晶LiNbO₃薄膜的晶向和形貌进行了表征,并通过外加电场对单晶LiNbO₃薄膜电畴进行调控。研究结果表明,该LiNbO₃薄膜具有单一的(006)衍射峰,表面光滑、粗糙度低(均方根粗糙度小于1 nm)。通过外加电场和预设电畴图案对LiNbO₃电畴进行精准调控,并测试了电畴稳定性。测试结果显示,调控后的电畴在温度为25~150℃内处于稳定状态,且在30 d内保持稳定,未发生弛豫现象。该研究为LiNbO₃电畴工程器件的研发和应用提供了重要的技术支撑。     

流动温压成型黏结钕铁硼/锶铁氧体复合磁体的研究EI北大核心CSCD

采用流动温压成型工艺制备黏结钕铁硼/锶铁氧体复合磁体,研究温压工艺参数对钕铁硼/锶铁氧体复合磁体磁性能的影响。结果表明:随着温压温度、压制时间以及保压压力的提高,黏结复合磁体的磁性能呈现先增大后减小的趋势。流动温压成型参数的选择与黏结剂有关,采用酚醛环氧树脂BPANE8200为黏结剂时,流动温压成型的最佳工艺参数:77℃加载900MPa并保压8min,复合磁体的剩磁B_r、内禀矫顽力H_(cj)以及最大磁能积(BH)max均获得最大值,即Br=522mT,Hcj=740.48kA/m,(BH)max=39.82kJ/m^3。     

钛合金中ω相变的研究进展

钛合金中的ω相及其相变对合金的组织性能影响较大,因此近年来ω相变也成为钛合金研究中的热点问题之一。从ω相的形成、分解、组织形貌以及ω相辅助α形核的角度总结归纳了相关研究报道,对比了相关模型观点的优缺点,阐述了ω相目前仍存在的学术分歧。     

Nanostructured Li3V2(PO4)3 Cathodes

To further increase the energy and power densities of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), monoclinic Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ attracts much attention. However, the intrinsic low electrical conductivity (2.4 × 10^?7 S cm^?1) and sluggish kinetics become major drawbacks that keep Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ away from meeting its full potential in high rate performance. Recently, significant breakthroughs in electrochemical performance (e.g., rate capability and cycling stability) have been achieved by utilizing advanced nanotechnologies. The nanostructured Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ hybrid cathodes not only improve the electrical conductivity, but also provide high electrode/electrolyte contact interfaces, favorable electron and Li⁺ transport properties, and good accommodation of strain upon Li⁺ insertion/extraction. In this Review, light is shed on recent developments in the application of 0D (nanoparticles), 1D (nanowires and nanobelts), 2D (nanoplates and nanosheets), and 3D (nanospheres) Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ for high‐performance LIBs, especially highlighting their synthetic strategies and promising electrochemical properties. Finally, the future prospects of nanostructured Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ cathodes are discussed.