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31.
This article presents a detailed investigation on the influence of the phosphorus element upon the laser sintering of a multicomponent
Cu-based metal powder system consisting of Cu, Cu-10Sn, and Cu-8.4P. Powder systems containing 0, 10, 15, and 20 wt pct CuP
were sintered in atmosphere at room temperature using the following optimal processing parameters: laser power of 350 W, scan
speed of 0.04 m/s, scan line spacing of 0.15 mm, and layer thickness of 0.25 mm. It was found that the relative density of
the sintered sample with 15 wt pct CuP increased by 24,4 pct as compared with the sample without phosphorus addition. A further
increase in the CuP content (≥20 wt pct), however, resulted in a poor densification with a serious delamination. The exact
metallurgical roles of the phosphorus element in the laser sintering process were addressed as follows. First, the phosphorus
could prevent the sintering system from oxidation by forming CuPO3, thereby improving the wetting characteristics and the sintering kinetics. Second, the phosphorus could decrease the surface
tension of molten materials, leading to a successive transition from highly discontinuous sintered tracks to fairly coherent
ones with increasing the phosphorus content. Third, the phosphorus could lower the melt viscosity, thereby improving the microstructural
homogeneity of the laser-sintered samples. 相似文献
32.
Pattern search algorithms for nonlinear inversion of high-frequency Rayleigh-wave dispersion curves 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Inversion of Rayleigh wave dispersion curves is challenging for most local-search methods due to its high nonlinearity and to its multimodality. In this paper, we implemented and tested a Rayleigh wave dispersion curve inversion scheme based on GPS Positive Basis 2N, a commonly used pattern search algorithm. Incorporating complete poll and complete search strategies based on GPS Positive Basis 2N into the inverse procedure greatly enhances the performance of pattern search algorithms because the two steps can effectively locate the promising areas in the solution space containing the global minima and significantly reduce the computation cost, respectively.The proposed inverse procedure was applied to nonlinear inversion of fundamental-mode Rayleigh wave dispersion curves for a near-surface shear (S)-wave velocity profile. The calculation efficiency and stability of the inversion scheme are tested on three synthetic models and a real example from a roadbed survey in Henan, China. Effects of the number of data points, the reduction of the frequency range of the considered dispersion curve, errors in P-wave velocities and density, the initial S-wave velocity profile as well as the number of layers and their thicknesses on inversion results are also investigated in the present study to further evaluate the performance of the proposed approach.Results demonstrate that pattern search algorithms applied to nonlinear inversion of high-frequency surface wave data should be considered good not only in terms of accuracy but also in terms of the computation effort due to their global and deterministic search process. 相似文献
33.
晶体硅薄膜电池制备技术及研究现状 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
晶体硅薄膜太阳电池近些年来得到广泛的研究和初步的商业化探索。根据所采用的晶体硅薄膜沉积工艺中温度范围的不同,晶体硅薄膜电池研究可分为高温路线和低温路线两个不同发展方向。本文分别从这两个方向综述了目前国外晶体硅薄膜电池制备技术的最新进展,最新实验室研究结果。报导了晶体硅薄膜电池商业化进展状况,指出了晶体硅薄膜电池实现产业化必须解决的问题。 相似文献
34.
Preparation of Compound Ultrafine CeO2 by Wet-Solid-Phase Mechanochemical Modification 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To satisfy practical requirements from industrial applications, an alternate route for synthesis compound ultrafine CeO2 powders by wet-solid-phase mechanochemical modification using industrial grade hydrated cerium carbonate as raw material was proposed.The effect of modifier reaction percentage, reaction time, calcining temperature and modifier amount on particle size, density, suspensibility, and hardness of compound CeO2 powder was investigated.The phase evolutions of preparation process were characterized by XRD.SEM micrograph of the final product shows that compound CeO2 powders obtained are well-dispersed, spherically-shaped, uniformly-sized and submicron-sized particles.The method is readily available in raw material, low in cost, simple in process, and has great potential for industrialization.The compound CeO2 powders of different physical properties can be synthesized by controlling the above-mentioned influence factors in preparation process. 相似文献
35.
The postulate of a linear tensor relation in the measured equation of invariance (MEI) is proposed for three-dimensional (3D) problems. As a result, all three components of the field vector to be solved are coupled in the MEI. Combined with the finite difference method, the present method is applied to the analysis of scattering by 3D conducting objects and results in a significant improvement in the accuracy of numerical results as compared to those obtained with an uncoupled linear relation. 相似文献
36.
37.
Xing Gu Shariar Sabuktagin Ali Teke Daniel Johnstone Hadis Morkoç Bill Nemeth Jeff Nause 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2004,15(6):373-378
ZnO is a highly efficient photon emitter, and has optical and piezoelectric properties that are attractive for a variety of applications in sensors and potentially optoelectronic devices such as emitters. Due to its identical stacking order and close lattice match to GaN, it is also being developed as a substrate material for GaN epitaxy. However, the surface finish of the ZnO is such that much of the damage induced by sawing and follow up mechanical polishing remains. We developed a thermal treatment method to eliminate surface damage on the 0 face of ZnO (0 0 0 1) to prepare it for epitaxial growth. Atomic force microscopy images of ZnO (0 0 0 1) annealed at 1050 °C for 3 h etc. show that residual scratches from mechanical polishing are removed and atomically flat, terrace-like surfaces are attained. In addition, low-temperature photoluminescence and high-resolution X-ray diffraction measurements have been employed to investigate the effect of annealing on ZnO substrates. 相似文献
38.
通过适当的工艺措施,采用Bridgman法生长了直径为30mm的X射线及γ射线探测器级的Cd.9Zn0.1Te晶锭.测试结果表明:该晶锭结晶质量良好,位错密度低,成分均匀,杂质含量低,红外透过率和电阻率都十分接近本征Cd.9Zn0.1Te的值.并从晶体的生长特性、缺陷和杂质的角度,分析了生长高性能晶体的条件,研究了生长Cdl-xZnxTe晶体的x值与缺陷和杂质浓度之间的关系. 相似文献
39.
40.
Yantao Shen E. Winder Ning Xi C.A. Pomeroy U.C. Wejinya 《Mechatronics, IEEE/ASME Transactions on》2006,11(4):420-427
This paper presents a closed-loop optimally controlled force-sensing technology with applications in both micromanipulation and microassembly. The microforce-sensing technology in this paper is based on a cantilevered composite beam structure with embedded piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) actuating and sensing layers. In this type of sensor, the application of an external load causes deformation within the PVDF sensing layer. This generates a signal that is fed through a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) optimal servoed controller to the PVDF actuating layer. This in turn generates a balancing force to counteract the externally applied load. As a result, a closed feedback loop is formed, which causes the tip of this highly sensitive sensor to remain in its equilibrium position, even in the presence of dynamically applied external loads. The sensor's stiffness is virtually improved as a result of the equilibrium position whenever the control loop is active, thereby enabling accurate motion control of the sensor tip for fine micromanipulation and microassembly. Furthermore, the applied force can be determined in real time through measurement of the balance force. 相似文献