The application and prospects of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes and polymers in the food industry: a review

Cyclodextrin is an odorless and tasteless cyclic oligosaccharide widely used in various fields such as food, medicine and the environment. Cyclodextrin can improve solubility and stability, and can mask the bad taste of specific substances. Cyclodextrins and their polymers primarily act by forming complexes in foods, and can be applied in food packing, food analysis, enhancing the properties of antioxidants, antibacterials, for stability and so on. The challenges and opportunities facing this area are reviewed. It is hoped that the review will provide useful information for future applications of cyclodextrin in the food industry. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry     

Phases in the crystallization process of Zr_(65)Al_(7.5)Ni_(10)Cu_(17.5)metallic glass

The crystallization process of metallic glass Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu17.5, (atom fraction in %) were studied by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Two stages of crystallization process, which are indicated by the two exothermic peaks in the differential scanning calorimetry diagram, were studied separately. It is found that the phases in the various stage of the crystallization are different, In the first stage, it consists mainly of tI-CuZr2 and tP-Al2Zr3 phases, between which a definite orientation relationship is found. While in the second stage, in addition to the above phases, phase hP2-Al2NiZr6 and phase hP3-α-Zr appear, between which another orientation relationship is also found. At the same time, a comparison is made based on the study of the phases exist in the arc-melted master ingot. The lattice parameters of the identified phases were determined and some interesting similarities were found. According to these similarities, all the phases were classified into two groups. The fi     

Pressure drop in motionless mixers

A motionless mixer consists of a straight pipe or transfer tube containing the mixing elements that are used to cut, fold, twist, and re-combine the mixing fluid. The number of elements and their shape required in any application depend on the complexity of the mixing process. The objectives of this study are to develop new motionless mixers and to perform the experimental investigation of pressure drop in order to evaluate the performance of the new ones. Glycerin is used as a mixing fluid. Pressure drop is measured using a hydraulic manometer and correlations of friction factor are proposed as a function of Re. The friction factors of Sulzer SMX mixer are in qualitative good agreement with the published data. On the average, the friction factors of SSC and YNU mixers are about 36% lower than and 6% higher than that of the Sulzer one.     

基于深度学习的SAR目标检测方法

高分辨率合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR）图像中不同目标的尺寸区别较大,这使得小目标的特征不明显,为目标检测带来了极大的挑战。针对这一问题,提出了SAR YOLO 960算法。该算法首先改进了图像输入大小的限制,将输入图像提升到960×960像素;进而改善了YOLOv3(You Only Look Once v3)网络的整体结构,修改并添加了卷积层和残差层,整体采用64倍降采样,使其速度大大提升;最后,根据SAR图像目标的特点,改进了损失函数,从而得到了SAR YOLO 960算法。在手工制作的高分辨率SAR图像数据集中的目标检测结果表明,相对于当前主流的检测算法,该算法性能显著提高;检测速度达32.8帧/秒,准确率达95.7%,召回率达94.5%。     

Designment and Assessment of Far-Red Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Retrieval Method for the Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Inventory Satellite

Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF),which is emitted by photosystem during photosynthesis under natural illumination,carries important information of actual photosynthesis of plants.Spaceborne remote sensing of SIF provides an unprecedented opportunity for monitoring global photosynthesis at regional to global scales.Up to date,in-orbit operational spaceborne sensors that are available for SIF retrieval are originally designed for atmosphere monitoring.The hyperspectral sensor onboard Chinese Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Inventory Satellite (CTECS) is expected to be the first operational spaceborne sensor that is specifically designed for sensing SIF from space (scheduled to be launched around 2020,2 years before the Fluorescence Explorer (FLEX) Mission).Data-driven approach has been selected as the main algorithm for far-red SIF retrieval for CTECS,but is to be refined and assessed according to sensor specifications (e.g.spectral resolution and signal-to-noise ratio).In this context,this study aims to improve the designment of far-red SIF retrieval method for CTECS.based on end-to-end simulation,we evaluate the precision and accuracy of SIF retrieval in several potential windows.We then analyze the sensitivity of SIF retrieval to number of features (nv) and fluorescence spectral shape function (hF) in the forward model in different windows.Results show that a broader fitting window increases retrieval precision,but is accompanied with lower accuracy and stronger sensitivity to nv and hF.Considering both retrieval precision and accuracy,the window of 735~758 nm with nv set to 6 and hFset as single peak Gaussian function (μ=740 nm and σ=30 nm) is selected as optimal fitting window for CTECS.SIF retrieval results based on proximal and airborne remote sensing data demonstrate the feasibility and reasonability of the designed method.Our results provide an important reference for far-red SIF retrieval for CTECS.     

A Multilayered Mesoporous Gold Nanoarchitecture for Ultraeffective Near-Infrared Light-Controlled Chemo/Photothermal Therapy for Cancer Guided by SERS Imaging

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) imaging has emerged as a promising tool for guided cancer diagnosis and synergistic therapies, such as combined chemotherapy and photothermal therapy (chemo-PTT). Yet, existing therapeutic agents often suffer from low SERS sensitivity, insufficient photothermal conversion, or/and limited drug loading capacity. Herein, a multifunctional theragnostic nanoplatform consisting of mesoporous silica-coated gold nanostar with a cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-coated gold nanocluster shell (named RGD–pAS@AuNC) is reported that exhibits multiple “hot spots” for pronouncedly enhanced SERS signals and improved near-infrared (NIR)-induced photothermal conversion efficiency (85.5%), with a large capacity for high doxorubicin (DOX) loading efficiency (34.1%, named RGD/DOX–pAS@AuNC) and effective NIR-triggered DOX release. This nanoplatform shows excellent performance in xenograft tumor model of HeLa cell targeting, negligible cytotoxicity, and good stability both in vitro and in vivo. By SERS imaging, the optimal temporal distribution of injected RGD/DOX–pAS@AuNCs at the tumor site is identified for NIR-triggered local chemo-PTT toward the tumor, achieving ultraeffective therapy in tumor cells and tumor-bearing mouse model with 5 min of NIR irradiation (0.5 W cm⁻²). This work offers a promising approach to employing SERS imaging for effective noninvasive tumor treatment by on-site triggered chemo-PTT.     

基于SD的库存成本控制仿真模型研究

在分析库存成本控制理论的基础上,论述基于库存成本控制系统所涉及的关键因素,通过因果关系分析,建立企业库存成本控制的系统动力学的仿真模型,并对模型进行分析和讨论,指出模型对库存成本控制的优化及后续理论研究的重要意义。     

准静态电磁热弹性体余能原理和广义变分原理

具有多场耦合性质的电磁热弹性体的基本方程很复杂,即使考虑最简单的情况也难求其解析解,所以需采用近似计算方法.变分原理是有限元法等近似计算方法的理论基础.按照广义力和广义位移之间的对应关系,将基本方程乘上相应的虚量,积分代数相加,建立了准静态电磁热弹性体的余能原理和第一类H-R型广义变分原理,为电磁热弹多场问题的近似计算...     

Ultrathin Layered Hydroxide Cobalt Acetate Nanoplates Face‐to‐Face Anchored to Graphene Nanosheets for High‐Efficiency Lithium Storage

The dramatically increasing demand of high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) urgently requires advanced substitution for graphite‐based anodes. Herein, inspired from the extra capacity of lithium storage in solid‐electrolyte interface (SEI) films, layered hydroxide cobalt acetates (LHCA, Co(Ac)_0.48(OH)_1.52·0.55H₂O) are introduced as novel and high‐efficiency anode materials. Furthermore, ultrathin LHCA nanoplates are face‐to‐face anchored on the surface of graphene nanosheets (GNS) through a facile solvothermal method to improve the electronic transport and avoid agglomeration during repeated cycles. Profiting from the parallel structure, LHCA//GNS nanosheets exhibit extraordinary long‐term and high‐rate performance. At the current densities of 1000 and 4000 mA g^?1, the reversible capacities maintain ≈1050 mAh g^?1 after 200 cycles and ≈780 mAh g^?1 after 300 cycles, respectively, much higher than the theoretical value of LHCA according to the conversion mechanism. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms the conversion from acetate to acetaldehyde after lithiation. A reasonable mechanism is proposed to elucidate the lithium storage behaviors referring to the electrocatalytic conversion of OH groups with Co nanocatalysts. This work can help further understand the contribution of SEI components (especially LiOH and LiAc) to lithium storage. It is envisaged that layered transition metal hydroxides can be used as advanced materials for energy storage devices.