Energy transfer and frequency upconversion in Yb, Er co-doped sodium–lead–germanate glasses

Yb³⁺–Er³⁺ co-doped Na₂O–GeO₂–PbO glass suitable for developing optical fiber lasers and amplifiers has been fabricated. The energy transfer efficiency from Yb³⁺ to Er³⁺ was investigated in the glasses with different Yb³⁺–Er³⁺ concentration ratios and the maximum energy transfer efficiency was found to be 67% at the Yb³⁺–Er³⁺ concentration ratio of 5:1. Subsequently, the studies of upconversion emissions in the visible range were performed. An intense green together with a relatively weak red emission was observed under the excitation of 976 nm diode laser. The quadratic dependence of the green emission on excitation power indicates that a two-photon absorption process occurs under a 976 nm excitation. However, for the red emission the slope of log-log plot of integrated intensity versus pump power declines with increasing Yb³⁺ ions content, indicating it is not resulted from a biphotonic process.     

NiAl-30．9Cr-3Mo-0．1Dy合金的高温氧化行为

研究了NiAl-30．9Cr-3Mo-0．1Dy合金在1300K～1500K空气中的恒温氧化行为。结果表明：NiAl-30-9Cr-3Mo-0．1Dy合金的抗氧化性远优于NiAl-31Cr-3Mo合金：1500K的氧化动力学曲线基本遵循抛物线关系，在1350K～1450K的氧化动力学曲线符合立方抛物线关系，1300K的氧化动力学曲线则符合5次方关系。氧化过程中，合金的表面生成了连续致密的Al2O3氧化膜；稀土元素的活性作用以及Al2O3与基体合金之间的富Cr层的形成，提高了Al2O3的粘附能力。Dy的添加也减少了NiAl相上Al2O3的生成量，延缓了θ-Al2O3向α-Al2O3相的转变时间。     

氮化锰的微波合成

以74μm锰粉为原料,在氢气和氮气的混合气、750℃以及保温2 h的条件下于微波反应器中合成氮含量为7.75%(质量分数)的氮化锰。研究了粉末粒度、合成温度、合成保温时间及合成气氛对合成产物氮含量的影响。结果表明:氮化气氛需要氢气和氮气的混合气体,氮化气氛中少量的氢促进了原料氮化和除去杂质氧。微波高温合成技术的合成温度和合成时间较传统工艺具有明显的优势。     

用于混粉电火花加工的水力旋流器设计与仿真

根据混粉电火花加工对工作液的要求,使用水力旋流器作为分离混粉工作液中大颗粒杂质的设备,采用SolidWorks软件对旋流器进行结构设计,并利用COSMOS/FloWorks插件对旋流器液流流场及分离效果进行数学模拟,结果表明,设计的水力旋流器能使含有5 μm铝粉液流通过溢流口进入加工槽,并能使混入的直径为55 μm微细钢质颗粒和直径为45 μm的微细铜质颗粒进行分离,使大颗粒不能进入加工槽,设计的数学模型符合水力旋流器的应用需要,并能根据实际情况对旋流器进行优化设计,该数学模型可为混粉电火花加工装置一体化设计提供技术支持.     

Direct laser fabrication of thin-walled metal parts under open-loop control

Direct laser fabrication (DLF) is an advanced manufacturing technology, which can build full density metal parts directly from CAD files without using any modules or tools. The investigation on the fabrication of thin-walled parts of nickel alloy using open-loop DLF process is introduced in this paper. The experimental setup consisted of a CO₂ laser, a 3-axis CNC table, a coaxial powder nozzle and a powder recycler. The 3D-CAD file of a thin-walled metal part was converted into the STL file format and imported into software HUST-RP to generate ‘pseudo-random’ scanning paths of laser beam. The influence of process parameters on the build height of thin-walled metal parts was studied by 1–10 layered single-bead stacks of nickel alloy. The result shows that the interference factors which affect the build height of thin-walled metal parts occur randomly during the process. For open-loop DLF process, thin-walled metal parts can achieve much better shape quality if the process parameters are suitable. Multilayer single-bead walls were built up with different scanning velocity to obtain the optimal process parameters of thin-walled parts of nickel alloy. It shows that thin walls of nickel alloy with uniform height can be built up layer by layer in a certain range of specific energy. However, it is difficult to control the build height of complex thin-walled metal parts in an accurate manner just using optimal parameters. A special coaxial powder nozzle was designed in this paper. In a certain range, the deposition thickness of the nozzle is nearly linearly increased with increase in the standoff distance between the powder focusing point of the nozzle and the deposition substrate. By means of the nozzle, a novel method to control the build height of thin-walled metal parts using open-loop DLF process was introduced. The difference in build height of a thin-walled part can be compensated automatically in one or several layers during the process. It is proved that the build height of a thin-walled metal part can be accurately controlled in theory using the nozzle. A complex single-bead part of nickel alloy whose geometry was designed to be the well-known Chinese ‘FU’ was fabricated and explained in this paper. The result shows that the shape quality of the sample is quite good, and actual build height of the sample is 53.54 mm while the designed value is 54 mm.     

剪切低温浇注式半固态浆料制备工艺

半固态浆料直接成形的关键技术之一是如何快速获得与触变成形中重熔加热后相近的半固态组织.根据晶粒游离理论,开发了剪切低温浇注式半固态浆料制备工艺,利用具有特殊热交换条件的转动输送管增强熔体凝固初期的散热和搅拌混合程度,使合金在凝固初期形成快速冷却和较强对流的复合作用,快速散去合金熔体的过热,控制合金熔体的形核与生长.铸造铝合金与锻造铝合金的试验表明,剪切低温浇注工艺可高效地制备优质半固态浆料/坯料,用于浆料直接成形/坯料触变成形.     

论大学的学生意识及神圣责任

学生是大学存在的决定因素，大学作用学生的关系实质是服务。当前我国大学的学生意识状况不容乐观。面向时代潮流，追求大学真朴本性、反思和完善我们的学生观已是大学的一项紧迫任务。大学应在清晰的学生意识中尽力承担好善待学生，多出人才的神圣使命。     

X56钢级海底无缝管线管的研制

总结了X56钢级海底无缝管线管产品的国产化研发工作,阐述了微合金化钢种设计的思路和方法,归纳了生产组织及工艺控制要点,介绍了生产工序与流程,提出了进一步改进的观点与建议。     

MoS2-Ti复合膜的结构及其抗氧化性能

利用非平衡磁控溅射仪在碳/碳复合材料表面制备了MoS2-Ti复合膜.采用XRD,Raman光谱、X射线光电子能谱仪对其结构进行了表征,并利用X射线光电子能谱仪对复合膜的抗氧化性能进行了研究.研究结果表明:所制备的MoS2-Ti复合膜为非晶态结构;MoS2-Ti复合膜具有良好的抗氧化性能,将其在蒸馏水中浸泡200 h后,Mo4+没有被氧化.     

电刷端盖压铸模设计

电刷端盖压铸件为圆形端盖类零件.针对电刷端盖压铸件结构及工艺要求,选择端盖口部大端面为动静模分型面,铸件上各成形小孔由动静模型芯对接组成,浇注系统采用中心浇道.由于抽芯距离短,采用斜销抽芯.