利用煤矸石制备泡沫陶瓷的研究

以煤矸石为研究对象,利用XRD和XRF技术,研究了煤矸石的矿物组成和化学成分.以煤矸石和低品位铝矾土为主要原料,长石作为助熔剂,振实成型后在1 200℃下焙烧成泡沫陶瓷.结果 表明,当原料中煤矸石的含量为61wt％时,所制备泡沫陶瓷的基本性能为:导热系数0.059 W/(m·K)、体积密度118.6 kg/m3、体积吸水率1.3％、抗压强度1.3 MPa、抗折强度1.4 MPa.利用煤矸石制备泡沫陶瓷,为煤矸石综合利用提供了一条可行的途径.     

Enzyme Processing of Soy Flour with Minimized Protein Loss

The enzymatic treatment of defatted soy flour (SF) to reduce indigestible carbohydrates can result in undesirable protein loss. Here protein loss was minimized with quantitation of the effects of ionic strength (IS), protease activity, and SF toasting. At the enzyme processing condition (25% w/v SF, 50 °C, pH 4.8, 48 hours), protein loss increased linearly with the IS in enzyme broths (EB); e.g., contacting untoasted SF with water or heat-deactivated EB showed protein loss of 28% in water but up to 40% when IS was increased in the range of 0.04–0.19 M. Protein loss also increased with protease in EB (nondeactivated): after adjusted for IS-related loss, approximately 10% and 25% additional protein loss occurred in EB of 73 and 490–557 U/(g SF) protease, respectively. SDS-PAGE results showed that proteolysis was not extensive, mainly on β-conglycinin α'/α and glycinin acidic 37-kDa subunits; and most of the proteolytic products could be recovered by heat-induced precipitation. SF toasting effects were studied, particularly at 2-hours 160°C, with material balances, protein distributions, and monosaccharide yields in hydrolysates. Overall, protein loss was minimized to 5.2% and the conversion of carbohydrate to monomeric sugars increased to 89.2%.     

Just-in-time learning for the prediction of oil sands ore characteristics using GPS data in mining applications

For the mining based oilsands industry, it is desirable to determine the quality of the ore delivered to the extraction processes in real-time to make optimal operational decisions such as optimal ore blending to achieve maximal bitumen recovery. Currently, the industry determines the real-time ore characteristics for any given shovel Global Positioning System (GPS) location by first determining the shovel elevation from the topological mine map and then using the determined geological coordinates in the 3D geological block model. It should be noted that the block model is built based on the widely spaced core hole samples, and it is updated only on a yearly basis due to high cost of narrower core hole sampling. Thus, the block model predictions are often inaccurate in between the core hole spacing. On the other hand, mining operations data are available that contain accurate ore characteristics information in the already mined area. Therefore, in this work, we present a just-in-time based data-driven modelling strategy that utilizes the recently available mining operations data to obtain reliable ore characteristics given the GPS data. The prediction capability of ore characteristics using the proposed modelling strategy is validated at core hole locations. Further, the prediction of ore characteristics at non-core hole points demonstrate promising results.     

Surface modification of nanocrystalline cellulose and its application in natural rubber composites

As a biopolymer with high mechanical strength, nanocellulose was generally considered as a green filler for reinforcing polymer. In this study, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) isolated from softwood pulp was successfully modified by cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB), a cationic surfactant, and the modified nanocrystalline cellulose (m-NCC) was used to reinforce natural rubber (NR). In this composite architecture, it was found that when the filler content was 5 or 10 phr, the surface modification of NCC improved the dispersion state of NCC in NR matrix and the interfacial interaction between NR and NCC. Therefore, the NR/m-NCC composites exhibited outstanding mechanical properties, and its tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength was increased by 132.8, 20, and 66.1%, respectively, compared to pristine NR composites. Besides, the modified NCC could accelerate the vulcanization and improve wet-skid resistance and aging resistance of NR composites. It is envisioned that the modified NCC has the potential to be generalized to manufacturing other polymer matrix composites strengthened with nanocellulose.     

水热法一步合成磷酸铁锂及其性能研究

为优化液相法一步制备磷酸铁锂（LiFePO₄）技术,以七水合硫酸亚铁、磷酸二氢铵、一水合氢氧化锂为原料,通过添加十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）作为表面活性剂,采用液相水热法合成技术,一步合成了LiFePO₄正极材料。研究了水热法一步合成技术对LiFePO₄材料的组成、结构、形貌、粒度等的影响,通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP-OES）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、粒度分析仪等对材料进行了表征分析,并测试了材料的电化学性能。研究结果表明,合成得到的LiFePO₄材料为微米级球形颗粒形貌的正交晶系非化学计量比的Li_1.02Fe_0.994PO₄材料。电化学性能测试结果表明,在0.1C倍率下首次充、放电比容量分别为162.0、159.9 mA·h/g,库伦效率达到98.7%、倍率性能（以1C/0.1C保持率计）为92.3%,0.1C倍率循环100次容量保持率为96.4%,展现出良好的电化学性能。     

洗矿工艺在某含泥磁铁矿选矿中的应用

针对某磁铁矿石因含泥量高而堵塞矿仓、影响流程顺畅等问题,对洗矿工艺实施改造。生产实践表明,洗矿工艺的实施,解决了生产中出现的相关问题,整个选矿工艺流程更加流畅,同时节约了生产成本,改善了作业环境,降低了职工劳动强度。为同类矿山的工艺优化提供了借鉴。     

一种新颖的中子辐照图像压缩算法

分析了中子辐照图像的持点,提出一种适合于数字中子照相系统的图像压缩算法。将小波和方向滤波器组（DFB）结合,得到非冗余的图像变换WDFB;通过WDFB系数的重新组合,提出一种新颖的图像压缩方案,该方案类似于无表零树编码（LZC）算法;为了充分利用WDFB变换对二维分段光滑函数的良好表达能力,该算法引入线性索引技术并采用不同于LZC算法的零树表达策略。实验结果表明,该算法用于中子辐照图像压缩是有效的,在相同压缩比下,其主观视觉质量和峰值信噪比（PSNR）都明显优于LZC算法,和多级树集合分裂编码（SPIHT）算法相比,具有相当的压缩性能但更易于硬件实现。     

Contrast enhancement in retinal image via multi-scale geometrical analysis

Recently,there has been a growing awareness to theobservation that wavelets may not be the best choiceforrepresenting natural i mages .This observation is due tothe fact that wavelets are blindtothe smoothness alongthe edges commonly found in i mages .In …     

基于Cr-O-C钝化层改变多晶Cu表面能和表层位错的脱模力与脱模精度

Cr-O-C钝化层可以提高精密电铸脱模精度,但Cr-O-C钝化层对基底表面的钝化规律和对表层的影响尚未清楚。利用分子动力学方法,在多晶Cu表面沉积离散的Cr、O和C原子,获得不同比例和数量的Cr-O-C钝化层。计算结果表明,不同比例的Cr、O和C原子均可以大幅降低多晶Cu的表面能;随着原子数量的增加,多晶Cu的表面能呈下降趋势;Cr-O-C钝化层增加了多晶Cu表层的位错密度;新增加的位错以Shockley位错为主;在一定沉积原子数量内,位错密度有极值。在多晶Cu表面电沉积不同密度的Cr、O和C原子,通过接触角测试验证了Cr-O-C钝化层降低多晶Cu表面能的结论。电沉积脱模强度和脱模表面粗糙度结果显示,随着沉积原子数的增加,脱模强度和脱模表面粗糙度均降低。研究结果可为利用离散Cr-O-C界面辅助精密电铸脱模提供一种解释。     

正交试验法优选电镀镍复合添加剂

通过正交试验确定了最佳镀镍复合添加剂配方:吡啶衍生物(NPB)15 mg/L,糖精钠(BSI)1 000 mg/L,苯亚磺酸钠(BSS)120 mg/L,2–乙基己烷磺酸钠(EHS)500 mg/L,烯丙基磺酸钠(SAS)1 500 mg/L和丙炔磺酸钠(PS)45 mg/L。研究了各组分对镀层光亮度和镀液分散能力的影响,结果表明,各组分对镀层亮度的影响大小顺序为NPB>BSS>EHS>SAS>PS>BSI;对镀液分散能力影响的大小顺序为BSS>NPB>EHS>BSI>PS>SAS。与某市售镀镍添加剂相比,该复合添加剂在镀层亮度、镀液分散能力、微观形貌和降低孔隙率等方面都有所提高。