铝合金焊接接头冲击强化的性能

为了提高铝合金焊接接头的力学性能,试验分别采用超声波和调Q脉冲YAG激光对A6061-T6铝合金焊接接头焊趾附近处进行冲击强化,研究了超声波和激光冲击强化下铝合金焊接接头的性能.两种冲击强化模式下,铝合金焊接接头焊趾处近表面均发生了冲击强化效果,并产生了较大的残余压应力,超声波和激光冲击强化后产生的最大残余压应力分别为 -158 MPa和 -145 MPa左右.超声波与激光冲击强化铝合金焊接接头的疲劳寿命差别不大,均比焊态下试样的疲劳寿命提高1倍以上.两种冲击强化方法的疲劳试验样件断裂位置均发生在基体金属上,而焊趾处没有疲劳裂纹产生.     

基于时间序列匹配的过山车定位法

针对过山车难以精准定位的问题,本文提出了一种基于时间序列匹配的过山车定位方法。该方法首先使用动态时间规整(DTW)对惯性测量单元(IMU)的实测与仿真数据进行序列匹配,得到位置估计结果。之后将估计结果作为观测量,在误差状态卡尔曼滤波器(ESKF)中修正IMU预测结果,得到精准的定位结果。为了提高估计结果的准确度,本文提出了分段重组动态时间规整(SRDTW)算法,解决了DTW的匹配失真问题。使用本文方法对过山车进行了定位实验,结果表明,使用Z向加速度和俯仰角进行序列匹配可得到较为准确的估计结果;ESKF滤波后的平均定位误差可达0.24 m,较估计结果的定位误差减小45.6%。     

Spatial distribution of silica fillers in phase-separated rubber blends investigated by three-dimensional elemental mapping

The distribution of nano-sized silica in binary rubber blends is characterized by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) tomography combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX). 3D distribution of silica is visualized by STEM-EDX tomography with the tilt-series of silicon elemental maps, while the phase-separated morphologies of polyisoprene rubber (IR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) are visualized by STEM-tomography in high-angle-annular-dark field (HAADF) mode. The combination of STEM-EDX and STEM-HAADF tomography enables us to determine the distribution of silica between the two rubber phases quantitatively even with high contents of silica up to 70 phr (weight parts per hundred rubber). It is found that silica is preferentially distributed in the SBR phase, but it is also distributed in the IR phase when the IR fraction in the total rubber components is higher than 40 wt%. The preferential distribution of silica in the SBR phase improves the dispersion of the IR domains. This is the first use of this technique for a multicomponent polymer system, showing the advantage to characterize the complicated multicomponent polymer composite morphologies.     

双酚AF型聚碳酸酯的制备与性能

以三光气和双酚AF为原料,采用界面缩聚法合成双酚AF型聚碳酸酯,得到最佳的聚合条件为：三光气和双酚AF的物质的量之比为1.3∶3,催化剂三乙胺的用量为双酚AF质量的4%,反应温度为35℃,反应时间为60 min。通过傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱、乌氏黏度计、同步热分析仪、热变形/维卡软化温度测试仪及极限氧指数测定仪对制备样品进行了结构和性能表征,结果表明,制备样品为双酚AF型聚碳酸酯,样品的黏均分子量为32000。玻璃化转变温度为164.3℃,热失重5%的温度为440.8℃,热变形温度为149℃、维卡软化温度为157℃,具有较好的耐热性能;极限氧指数为29.5%,具有较好的阻燃性能。样品经碱溶液浸泡后质量损失率较小,耐碱腐蚀性能较好。样品在很多有机溶剂中都有很好的的溶解性。     

Non-vacuum sintering process of WC/W2C reinforced Ni-based coating on steel

Ni-based composite coatings containing varied contents of tungsten carbides on low carbon steel were fabricated. Effects of sintering temperature and tungsten carbides contents on the surface, interface, microstructure and wear resistance of the coatings were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Vickers microhardness tester, bulk hardness tester and pin-on-disc tribometer. The results indicated that with appropriate sintering temperature (1230 °C), smooth coating surfaces can be achieved. Favorable interfaces about 200 μm can be got that both the chemical composition and property of the interfacial region showed gradual transitions from the substrates to the coatings. Microstructure of the coatings consists of tungsten carbides and M7C3/M23C6 in the matrix. With excessive sintering temperature, tungsten carbides tend to dissolve. Ni-based coatings containing tungsten carbides showed much higher level of bulk hardness and wear resistance than ISO Fe360A and ASTM 1566 steels. With increasing contents of tungsten carbides from 25% to 40%, bulk hardness of Ni-based coatings gradually increased. Ni-based coating with 35% tungsten carbides performed the best wear resistance.     

高强钢CO2激光-MAG复合焊接性能

为了研究CO₂激光-熔化极活性气体保护焊（MAG）复合焊接性能,采用CO₂激光和CO₂激光-MAG复合焊接590MPa级高强度钢,对其焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能进行了研究.结果表明,激光-MAG复合焊接的焊缝金属中,MAG电弧作用区主要为珠光体和贝氏体,激光作用区主要为马氏体;激光-MAG复合焊接的焊缝金属中Mo和Mn合金元素的分布具有不均匀性;激光和激光-MAG复合焊接的试件焊接接头拉伸性能完全满足要求,焊缝强度高于基体强度;激光-电弧复合焊缝金属在-60℃～+15℃试验温度范围内的冲击韧性比激光焊缝金属高;激光-MAG复合焊接焊缝金属硬度在250～400 HV之间,高于基体金属的硬度.     

X65MS管线钢的动态连续冷却转变

基于Gray博士的低碳低锰专利设计X65MS管线钢的合金成分,通过Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机研究形变奥氏体的相变规律。将得到的膨胀量曲线,结合各个冷速下的金相显微组织以及显微硬度,绘制出CCT曲线。结果表明,对于该成分的X65MS管线钢,在40 ℃/s的冷却速度下,能够得到较高的抗H2S腐蚀性能的单相贝氏体显微组织。同时,终冷温度不得低于480 ℃,以防止因为马氏体组织的出现而引起组织不均匀性,降低管线钢的抗H2S腐蚀性能。     

TA32钛合金板成形性能与电磁辅助弯曲成形实验研究

由于TA32钛合金板室温成形性差、精度难以保证,开展了电磁辅助弯曲成形方法的实验研究,通过拉伸和电磁成形实验探究了TA32钛合金的力学性能和成形性能,获得了TA32钛合金板在准静态和动态拉伸下的应力、应变关系,给出了在电磁成形状态下的成形极限应变,阐明了电磁成形作用下的TA32钛合金的增塑机制。采用匀压式电磁辅助弯曲成形的方法对TA32钛合金板开展实验研究,结果表明:电磁辅助弯曲成形方法能够有效地提高弯曲件的成形精度,并且在一定条件下,放电能量越高,贴模效果越好、成形精度越高。带压紧翼的弯曲件的变形区外层过度伸长而产生减薄并开裂,不带压紧翼的弯曲件通过合理地控制放电电压能够获得较好的成形效果。     

铝合金与高强钢摩擦塞铆焊接头连接性能

为了解决铝合金与高强钢材料之间连接困难的问题,保证铝合金与高强钢之间的连接质量,采用摩擦塞铆焊工艺实现了6061-T6铝合金和DP1470高强钢的连接,并通过对接头宏观形貌和微观组织特征的观察、接头力学性能的测试以及接头失效形式的对比,研究了摩擦塞铆焊所获接头连接性能的变化规律.结果 表明,转速是影响焊接质量的重要因素...