营养素缓解婴幼儿食物过敏的研究现状

近年来食物过敏发生率越来越高,严重影响了个体和家庭的生活质量。营养素对机体代谢的调节作用广受重视。越来越多的研究在探究营养素对食物过敏的影响。本文介绍婴幼儿及生命早期1 000 d母亲饮食中所含的维生素、脂肪酸、微量元素及膳食纤维等对婴幼儿食物过敏的影响,分析这些营养素对婴幼儿免疫系统的调控作用,进而降低其食物过敏的发生几率,旨在为缓解婴幼儿食物过敏提供科学精准的膳食指导。     

聊城市防汛抗旱信息管理系统研究与应用

自2000年以来,聊城市水利局与河海大学合作,以GIS地理信息系统为平台,共同开发了聊城市防汛抗旱信息管理系统,其主要目标是为防汛抗旱决策和日常管理提供定量和定性的数据信息支持。     

In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis of deformation behavior of a Nb/NiTi composite for biomedical applications

The deformation behavior involved in Nb/NiTi composite for biomedical applications within a large macroscopic strain range was investigated by tensile loading-unloading test and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction(SXRD).Experimental results show that during loading,the Nb/NiTi composite experiences the elastic elongation of B2-NiTi austenitic,B19'-NiTi martensitic and β-Nb phases,B2→ B19' stress-induced martensitic(SIM) transformation and tensile plastic deformation of β-Nb phase.During unloading,the deformation behavior involved in Nb/NiTi composite includes the elastic recovery of B2-NiTi austenitic,B19'-NiTi martensitic and β-Nb phases,reverse phase transformation B19'→B2 and compressive deformation of p-Nb phase.The martensitic transformation in this composite is almost reversible and occurs in a localized manner.These results might contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the deformation mechanism involved in Nb/NiTi composite and shed some light on design and development of novel composites with a combination of good biocompatibility and excellent superelasticity for biomedical applications.     

黑果腺肋花楸花色苷纳米微胶囊的制备及其表征

黑果腺肋花楸是目前含有花青素、多酚含量最高的植物,其活性物质具有多种保健功能。然而,其中的花色苷稳定性差,利用率低,在各行业的应用受到限制。本研究采用壳聚糖与聚谷氨酸经离子凝胶法对黑果腺肋花楸花色苷进行包埋,来提高其稳定性。通过单因素实验确定3个影响显著的因素。以花色苷纳米微胶囊包埋率为指标,响应面优化后的最佳条件为:花色苷添加量36 mg、壳聚糖质量浓度1.3 mg/mL、搅拌时间60 min、壳聚糖∶聚谷氨酸质量比2∶1、pH 4.5。在此条件下所得纳米微胶囊包埋率为59.54%,粒径317.5 nm,Zeta电位36.7 mV。通过扫描电镜观察,黑果腺肋花楸花色苷纳米微胶囊外表光滑,呈规则的球状,表明其具有良好的结构和稳定性,有利于其在食品工业中的应用。     

Podocyte-Related Mechanisms Underlying Survival Benefit of Long-Term Angiotensin Receptor Blocker

We previously found that short-term treatment (week 8 to 12 after injury) with high-dose angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) induced the regression of existing glomerulosclerosis in 5/6 nephrectomy rats. We therefore assessed the effects of long-term intervention with ARB vs. nonspecific antihypertensives in this study. Adult rats underwent 5/6 nephrectomy and renal biopsy 8 weeks later. The rats were then divided into three groups with equivalent renal function and glomerular sclerosis and treated with high-dose losartan (ARB), nonspecific antihypertensive triple-therapy (TRX), or left untreated (Control) until week 30. We found that blood pressure, serum creatinine levels, and glomerulosclerosis were lower at sacrifice in ARB and TRX vs. Control. Only ARB reduced proteinuria and maintained the density of WT-1-positive podocytes. Glomerular tufts showed more double-positive cells for CD44, a marker of activated parietal epithelial cells, and synaptopodin after ARB vs. TRX or Control. ARB treatment reduced aldosterone levels. ARB-treated rats had significantly improved survival when compared with TRX or Control. We conclude that both long-term ARB and triple-therapy ameliorate progression, but do not sustain the regression of glomerulosclerosis. ARB resulted in the superior preservation of podocyte integrity and decreased proteinuria and aldosterone, linked to increased survival in the uremic environment.     

基于石墨烯Tamm等离子体激元的太赫兹强耦合效应

设计了一种全新的一维石墨烯-光子晶体(PhC)复合谐振结构,使用传输矩阵法(TMM)对其所支持的太赫兹Tamm等离子体激元(TPP)和腔体模式(CM)之间的强耦合效应进行理论研究。研究表明,用于表征耦合强度的Rabi分裂能随着光子晶体周期数的减小而增大;改变间隔层和腔体厚度以及石墨烯的费米能级时,也会影响Rabi分裂能。最后通过入射角度对耦合模式进行主动调控,当入射角处于0°~60°时,耦合模式的特性与偏振无关。本文的研究结果为太赫兹强耦合效应的研究和应用提供了新的思路。     

浅谈混水直供供热方式的运行特征及经济性

本文主要是对混水直供供热方式在实际应用中的运行特征进行阐述探讨,混水直供供热方式工艺结构简洁、二次网静压定压方式独特—回水阀门定压、运行稳定经济、供热效果良好,重点对混水直供供热方式的运行特征阐述及相对间接供热方式的经济比较分析。     

液化石油气低温芳构化工艺研究

在DLG-1型催化剂上进行了液化石油气(LPG)的低温芳构化反应研究,考察了反应温度、氢分压及进料液体体积空速对LPG制取高辛烷值汽油反应性能的影响,分析了反应时间与催化剂积炭量的关系,并对再生催化剂的反应活性进行了评价.结果表明,在反应温度为400～420℃,氢分压为1.9～2.0 MPa,进料液体体积空速为0.9～1.4 h-1的条件下,反应产物的收率达到99.39%,汽油的研究法辛烷值为98.7.当催化剂上的积炭量大于18.31%时,催化剂会因结焦而暂时失活,但再生后其活性及稳定性恢复较好.再生催化剂在600 h的稳定运行实验中,C4烯烃的转化率均在99.5%以上.     

Integrated Analysis of Microarray,Small RNA,and Degradome Datasets Uncovers the Role of MicroRNAs in Temperature-Sensitive Genic Male Sterility in Wheat

Temperature-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) line Beijing Sterility 366 (BS366) has been utilized in hybrid breeding for a long time, but the molecular mechanism underlying male sterility remains unclear. Expression arrays, small RNA, and degradome sequencing were used in this study to explore the potential role of miRNA in the cold-induced male sterility of BS366. Microspore observation showed defective cell plates in dyads and tetrads and shrunken microspores at the vacuolated stage. Differential regulation of Golgi vesicle transport, phragmoplast formation, sporopollenin biosynthesis, pollen exine formation, and lipid metabolism were observed between cold and control conditions. Pollen development was significantly represented in the 352 antagonistic miRNA-target pairs in the integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA profiles. The specific cleavage of ARF17 and TIR1 by miR160 and miR393 were found in the cold-treated BS366 degradome, respectively. Thus, the cold-mediated miRNAs impaired cell plate formation through repression of Golgi vesicle transport and phragmoplast formation. The repressed expression of ARF17 and TIR1 impaired pollen exine formation. The results of this study will contribute to our understanding of the roles of miRNAs in male sterility in wheat.