Performance study of iSCSI-based storage subsystems

iISCSI is emerging as an end-to-end protocol for transporting storage I/O block data over IP networks. By exploiting the ubiquitous Internet infrastructure, iSCSI greatly facilitates remote storage, remote backup, and data mirroring. This article evaluates the performance of two typical iSCSI storage subsystems by measuring and analyzing block-level I/O access performance and file-level access performance. In the file-level performance study, we compare file access performance in an NAS scheme with that in an iSCSI-based SAN scheme. Our test results show that Gigabit Ethernet-based iSCSI can reach very high bandwidth, close to that of a direct FC disk access in block I/O access. However, when the iSCSI traverses through longer distance, throughput relies heavily on the available bandwidth between the initiator and the target. On the other hand, the file-level performance shows that iSCSI-based file access (SAN scheme) provides higher performance than using NFS protocol in Linux and SMB protocol in Windows (NAS scheme). However, the advantage of using iSCSI-based file accesses decreases as the file size increases. The obtained experimental results shed some light on the performance of applications based on iSCSI storage.     

Experimental and modeling approaches of MR behaviors under large step strains

Rheological properties of MR fluids under large step strain shear are presented in this paper. The experiments were carried out using a rheometer with parallel-plate geometry. Under the large step strain shear, MR fluids behave as nonlinear viscoelastic properties, where the stress relaxation modulus, G(t, γ), shows a decreasing trend with step strain. The experimental results indicate that G(t, γ) obeys time-strain separability. Thus, a mathematical form based on finite exponential serials is proposed to predict MR behavior. In this model, G(t, γ) is represented as the product of a linear stress relaxation, G(t), and the damping function, h(γ), i.e. G(t, γ)=G(t) h(γ). G(t) is simply represented as a three-parameter exponential serial and h(γ) has a sigmoidal form with two parameters. The parameters are identified by adopting an efficient optimization method proposed by Stango et al. The comparison between the experimental results and the model-predicted values indicates that this mathematical model can accurately predict MR behavior.     

低渗低温低压水敏性储气层压裂改造技术研究与应用

低渗低温低压水敏性储气层因压裂液快速破胶困难、黏土膨胀水敏伤害严重和压后压裂液返排动力不足等因素，使得压裂增产面临诸多难题。针对上述难题进行了技术攻关，形成了弱交联、低温活化剂与超量破胶剂的低温储层快速破胶技术、有机盐与无机盐双元体系复合防膨技术以及高比例液氮全程助排的排液技术。该压裂增产改造技术使牛101井头屯河组首次获得工业油气流，扩展了三塘湖盆地勘探空间。     

TEM Studies of High Temperature Corrosion Behaviour of TiAl Intermetallics with Surface Modifications

The oxidation/sulphidation behaviour of a Ti‐46.7Al‐1.9W‐0.5Si alloy with a TiAl₃ diffusion coating was studied in an environment of H₂/H₂S/H₂O at 850^oC. The kinetic results demonstrate that the TiAl₃ coating significantly increased the high temperature corrosion resistance of Ti‐46.7Al‐1.9W‐0.5Si. The SEM, EDX, XRD and TEM analysis reveals that the formation of an Al₂O₃ scale on the surface of the TiAl₃‐coated sample was responsible for the enhancement of the corroison resistance. The Ti‐46.7Al‐1.9W‐0.5Si alloy was also modified by Nb ion implantation. The Nb ion implanted and as received sampels were subjected to cyclic oxidation in an open air at 800^oC. The Nb ion implantation not only increased the oxidation resistance but also substantially improved the adhesion of scale to the substrate.     

Segmented polymer networks containing amino‐dendrimers

Polymer networks in which poly(propylene imine) dendrimers (Astramol?) are connected to each other by linear polytetrahydrofuran (polyTHF) segments, were prepared by two methods. The first method was a one‐step procedure in which bifunctionally living polyTHF, obtained by initiation of the THF polymerization with trifluoromethane sulfonic anhydride (triflic anhydride), was reacted with an amino‐dendrimer. This reaction was very fast but did not allow formation of the end products. The second method was a two‐step procedure. In a first step, living polyTHF, prepared with acryloyloxybutyl triflate as initiator, was grafted on an amino‐dendrimer, to form a star‐like, acrylate‐terminated polyTHF multi‐macromonomer with the dendrimer as core. In a second step, networks were obtained by Michael addition between the acrylate end‐groups and unreacted amino‐groups of the dendrimer. This cross‐linking reaction occurred spontaneously upon heating of the solution of the multi‐macromonomer with gelation times varying from a few minutes to a few hours, depending on the temperature and the composition of the prepolymers. With this method it was possible to prepare networks in the form of coatings or films. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

菱镁矿固硫特性的理论分析

对菱镁矿在固体燃料燃烧过程中的固硫特性进行了理论研究，所得结论对进一步将菱镁矿作为固体燃料燃烧过程中的固硫剂具有非常重要的意义。     

Reduction of sodium-accelerated oxidation of silicon nitride ceramics by aluminium implantation

Norton NBD 200 silicon nitride ceramics were implanted with sodium to a dose of 7.0×10¹⁵cm^-2 at 72 keV (1 at% peak sodium content at 100 nm). The sodium-implanted samples were further implanted with aluminium to 7.3×10¹⁵cm^-2 at 87 keV (1 at% peak aluminium content at 100 nm). The implanted and unimplanted samples were oxidized in 1 atm dry oxygen at 1100 and 1300°C for 2–6 h. Profilometry and scanning electron microscopy measurements indicated that sodium implantation led to up to a two-fold increase in the oxidation rate of silicon nitride. The sodium effect was effectively neutralized when aluminium was co-implanted. The opposite effects of sodium and aluminium on the oxidation resistance of silicon nitride can be attributed to their different roles in modifying the structure and properties of the oxide formed. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

抗洪抢险措施及效果

结合“９８”抗洪抢险实例，对多种险情作了具体分析，通过汛后调查，对抗洪抢险消险措施和效果进行了总结，为今后进一步做好防洪消险工作提供了经验。     

空气压缩机实时监控系统

介绍一种以工业控制机为核心的空气压缩机实时监控系统。为防止电磁干扰，系统采取了有效的隔离保护措施。论述了系统结构、工作原理和硬软件配置。     

CA／PAN中空纤维血浆分离膜的结构与性能

本研究以CA及PAN的共混溶液,通过干-湿法纺丝制取中空纤维,利用共混高聚物各组分在凝固剂中相分离速度的差异,形成具有稳定结构的中空纤维孔膜,该膜用于分离血液中的血浆成分具有良好效果。讨论了成型条件及添加剂等对膜结构、性能的影响,用SEM及图相分析仪、MAP压汞仪及DSC等分析手段,对膜的微孔结构、形态、孔尺寸及中空纤维膜的血浆通量和水通量等进行了系统的考查。