On the formalization and reuse of scientific research

The reuse of scientific knowledge obtained from one investigation in another investigation is basic to the advance of science. Scientific investigations should therefore be recorded in ways that promote the reuse of the knowledge they generate. The use of logical formalisms to describe scientific knowledge has potential advantages in facilitating such reuse. Here, we propose a formal framework for using logical formalisms to promote reuse. We demonstrate the utility of this framework by using it in a worked example from biology: demonstrating cycles of investigation formalization [F] and reuse [R] to generate new knowledge. We first used logic to formally describe a Robot scientist investigation into yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) functional genomics [f₁]. With Robot scientists, unlike human scientists, the production of comprehensive metadata about their investigations is a natural by-product of the way they work. We then demonstrated how this formalism enabled the reuse of the research in investigating yeast phenotypes [r₁ = R(f₁)]. This investigation found that the removal of non-essential enzymes generally resulted in enhanced growth. The phenotype investigation was then formally described using the same logical formalism as the functional genomics investigation [f₂ = F(r₁)]. We then demonstrated how this formalism enabled the reuse of the phenotype investigation to investigate yeast systems-biology modelling [r₂ = R(f₂)]. This investigation found that yeast flux-balance analysis models fail to predict the observed changes in growth. Finally, the systems biology investigation was formalized for reuse in future investigations [f₃ = F(r₂)]. These cycles of reuse are a model for the general reuse of scientific knowledge.     

Enhancing Physicochemical Properties and Indium Leachability of Indium-Bearing Zinc Ferrite Mechanically Activated Using Tumbling Mill

The synthetic indium-bearing zinc ferrite (IBZF) was activated mechanically using a tumbling mill under different rotation speeds, milling times, media fillings, and ball-to-material ratios. Subsequently, the changes in the physicochemical properties and leaching behavior of IBZF induced by mechanical activation were studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), M?ssbauer spectrometry, particle size analysis, and leaching tests in sulfuric acid. The results showed that different milling conditions could form different particle size distribution, morphologies, and crystal structures, which influenced indium extraction differently. In addition, the indium extractions from various activated samples were related closely to the changes of physicochemical properties induced by mechanical activation. The strengthening effect of mechanical activation in IBZF decomposition lies mainly in the damage of crystal structure besides the decrease of the particle size because the indium-leaching efficiencies increased significantly with the increase of the damage of the crystal structure when the particle size is kept constant.     

节能型乡村住宅建造技术尝试及经验教训

通过一个实际案例,在低技术生态手段运用、传统建造方式的改良等方面进行了尝试,并对一些经验和教训进行了讨论。     

学习实践科学发展观的思考

以上海市政工程设计研究总院为例,论述了与时俱进,增强科学发展需要解决的认识问题;分析了转变发展方式,谋求更大发展空间的工作重点;提出了加大政策引导和资源整合力度,抓好基层党建工作和企业文化建设的措施。     

基于权重评估的配网故障报警诊断系统设计

提出了一种SCADA误报警诊断系统的设计,采用PFMEA等方法评估信号权重,在此基础上设计过滤算法,其输出结果为调控员提供决策辅助。该设计为将来实现智能调度专家辅助决策系统和专家平台子模块的搭建提供可行性依据。     

动态电压恢复器的改进最小能量控制

动态电压恢复器(DVR)被用来补偿电压凹陷,它的补偿能力主要决定于最大电压注入能力和存储的能量。为了使DVR的有功输出PDVR最小化,同时减轻对负荷的扰动,文中采用了负荷端电压相量角α按恒定步长△α缓慢变化的控制策略,根据对电压凹陷期间DVR装置的PDVR-α曲线的分析,提出了通过判断特定量的符号决定补偿方向的DVR的改进最小能量补偿控制方式,比直接求最优α角的计算量小,并且分析了考虑DVR注入电压限值的改进最小能量控制。仿真结果证明了该方法比传统控制方式更能有效地减少DVR的有功输出,比直接计算最优α角的最小能量控制方式在凹陷开始和结束的暂态过程中使负荷端电压的变化更加平稳,对敏感负荷造成的扰动更小。     

一种基于Lange耦合器的S波段小型化集成功放

设计了一种全部采用国产芯片研制的小型化集成功放模块。该模块采用一种全新的结构模式,通过Lange耦合器将GaAs MMIC单片、单电源GaAs功率芯片和硅功率芯片混合集成,使得其体积比同等性能的功率放大器减小。测试结果表明,在工作电压36V、脉宽300μs、占空比10%的测试条件下,2.7～3.1GHz或3.1～3.4GHz带内输出功率均能达到50W,36V电源效率大于40%。     

Millileter-Wave Power-Combining Amplifier Using A Broadband Waveguide Combiner

A Millimeter-wave power-combining amplifier based on the multi-way rectangular-waveguide power-dividing/combining circuit has been presented and investigated. The equivalent-circuit approach has been used to analyze the passive power-dividing/combining circuits. An eight-device amplifier is designed and measured to validate the power-dividing/combining mechanism using this technique. Both the measured 10-dB return loss bandwidth and the 2-dB insertion loss bandwidth of the passive system are more than 10?GHz. The measured maximum small-signal gain of the millimeter-wave eight-device power amplifier is 22.5?dB at 26.8?GHz with a 3-dB bandwidth of more than 6?GHz, while the input and output return loss of the proposed eight-device power amplifier is around ?10?dB from 26?GHz to 36?GHz. The measured maximum output power at 1-dB compression from the power amplifier is 28 dBm at 29.5?GHz.     

CAN总线实现维护管理

针对在同一机框内拥有多个单板的大系统存在维护管理困难,特别是对单板上下电控制、版本管理、环境温度监控、共用业务通道与故障告警通道对业务数据造成的影响等.通过对Cisco核心路由器(具体为12016)解剖分析,自行开发一个基于CAN总线通信的管理维护电路模块,该模块经过仿真分析、示波器和逻辑分析仪测试,能够解决大系统目前存在的维护管理困难.本文在介绍该模块实现上述维护应用的基础上,还扩展了单板内部电源监测、JTAG测试与加载、槽位信息获取等功能,并对该模块电路的总体方案、对外接口进行说明.     

System Verilog语言在数字系统设计中的应用

使用Verilog进行数字系统设计时会出现对电路结构描述不够简洁、精确的问题.对IEEE的新标准Sys- temVerilog硬件描述语言进行了研究,通过比较两种语言的关键语法结构,分析了上述问题产生的原因和采用Sys- temVerilog语言的解决方法.最后,以HDB3编码电路设计为例,给出采用SystemVerilog语言进行设计、仿真和综合的结果.