Traffic engineering with MPLS in the Internet

This article discusses traffic engineering with multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) in an Internet service provider's network. We first review MPLS, constraint-based routing, and enhanced link state interior gateway protocols to provide a background for traffic engineering. We then discuss the general issues of designing an MPLS system for traffic engineering. The design of GlobalCenter's MPLS system is presented. Based on our experiences, a generic procedure for deploying an MPLS system is proposed. We also discuss how to provide QoS in a network with MPLS. Putting these together, we present to readers the practical issues of traffic engineering and a working solution for traffic engineering with MPLS in the Internet     

Negative capacitance independent multi-gate FinFETs and their optimisations

In order to reduce the operating voltage of FinFET and increase the flexibility of integrated circuit design, we have proposed a Negative Capacitance Independent Multi-Gate FinFET (NC-IMG-FinFET) with Ferroelectric-Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor-Insulator (FMISI) structure. Both the device and circuit analysis model of NC-IMG-FinFET are addressed, which are used to analyse the performance parameters of the device (the surface potential, internal gate voltage amplification, Sub-threshold Swing (SS), on-current and leakage) and the performance of a circuit (delay, power consumption, power delay product (PDP)). The simulation model of the NC-IMG-FinFET has been constructed by combining BSIM-IMG model with ferroelectric Landau-Khalatnikov model. The optimisations for ferroelectric film thickness of the NC-IMG-FinFETs are carried out in terms of device characteristics and circuit performances. The simulation results are consistent with the analysis results, indicating that the NC-IMG-FinFET has superior performance compared with the baseline device, in terms of smaller leakage, larger on/off current ratio and smaller SS (38.3 mV/dec at room temperature). Compared with the baseline IMG-FinFET circuits, there is large performance improvement for the NC-IMG-FinFET circuits, in terms of the power consumption and PDP.     

DWDM技术在城域网中的应用

介绍了城域网中引入DWDM技术的必要性，以及DWDM技术的应用和发展趋势。     

Ultrahigh‐Working‐Frequency Embedded Supercapacitors with 1T Phase MoSe2 Nanosheets for System‐in‐Package Application

Commercial aluminium electrolyte capacitors (AECs) are too large for integration in future highly integrated electronic systems. Supercapacitors, in comparison, possess a much higher capacitance per unit volume and can be embedded as passive capacitors to address such challenges in electronics scaling. However, the slow frequency response (<10¹ Hz) typical of supercapacitors is a major hurdle to their practical application. Here, it is demonstrated that 1T‐phase MoSe₂ nanosheets obtained by laser‐induced phase transformation can be used as an electrode material in embedded micro‐supercapacitors. The metallic nature of MoSe₂ nanosheet‐based electrodes provides excellent electron‐ and ion‐transport properties, which leads to an unprecedented high‐frequency response (up to 10⁴ Hz) and cycle stability (up to 10⁶ cycles) when integrated in supercapacitors, and their power density can be ten times higher than that of commercial AECs. Furthermore, fabrication processes of the present device are fully compatible with system‐in‐package device manufacturing to meet stringent specifications for the size of embedded components. The present research represents a critical step forward in in‐package and on‐chip applications of electrolytic capacitors.     

Concentric Sub‐micrometer‐Sized Cables Composed of Ni Nanowires and Sub‐micrometer‐Sized Fullerene Tubes

Highly ordered arrays of submicrometer‐sized coaxial cables composed of submicrometer‐sized C₆₀ and C₇₀ tubes filled with Ni nanowires are successfully prepared by combining a sol–gel method with an electrodeposition process. The wall thickness of the submicrometer‐sized tubes can be adjusted by the concentration of fullerenes and the immersion time. The thermal stability of the submicrometer‐sized C₆₀ tubes is studied by Raman spectroscopy and it is found that these structures can be easily decomposed to form carbon nanotubes at relatively low temperatures (above 573 K) in an alumina template. These novel coaxial cable structures have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high‐resolution TEM (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field‐emission SEM (FESEM), Raman spectroscopy, elemental mapping, energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) experiments, and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) measurements. Magnetic measurements show that these submicrometer‐sized cables exhibit enhanced ferromagnetic behavior as compared to bulk nickel. Moreover, submicrometer‐sized C₇₀/Ni cables show uniaxial magnetic anisotropy with the easy magnetic axis being parallel to the long axis of the Ni nanowires. C₇₀/Ni cables also exhibit a new magnetic transition at ca. 10 K in the magnetization–temperature (M–T) curve, which is not observed for the analogous C₆₀/Ni structures. The origin of this transition is not yet clear, but might be related to interactions between the Ni nanowires and C₇₀ molecules. There is no preferred magnetization axis in submicrometer‐sized C₆₀/Ni cables, which implies that the Ni nanocrystals have different packing modes in the two composites. These different crystalline packing modes lead to different magnetic anisotropy in the two composites, although the Ni nanocrystals have the same face‐centered cubic (fcc) structure in both cases.     

ADC模数转换器有效位计算

将模拟信号转换为数字信号后再进行处理,是当前信号处理普遍使用的方法,模数转换器（ADC）就是将模拟信号转换为数字信号的器件,所以计算其有效转换位数对系统性能评估就显得尤为重要。文中结合项目工程实践,讨论了ADC有效转换位数的两种测试方法:噪声测试法和信噪比测试法,并对两种方法进行了仿真与分析。     

基于SUPL状态机的AGPS终端的软件实现

抽象语法标记(ASN.1)广泛应用于数据通信领域.AGPS技术中的SUPL协议即采用了ASN.1中的压缩编码规则(PER)进行消息、数据的编解码.文章分析了SUPL协议中各种消息及数据的ASN.1描述和PER编码规则接口,并在此基础上介绍了一种基于PDA操作系统平台,以状态机为核心的SUPL协议客户端的软件实现.     

某型限制性导爆索高温适应性研究

针对空间飞行器极限高温需求,对当前制式限制性导爆索(CDF)从包覆材料、装药直径及装药工艺3个方面进行了高温适应性验证及研究。结果表明:通过采用高熔点包覆层材料、适度增大导爆索索心直径,以及对初始装药银管进行高温烘烤预处理,可显著提高CDF耐215℃/24h性能,其爆速约7 012m/s,满足爆轰能量稳定传递要求。     

应用信息化护理管理系统创建优质护理模式病房

在信息化时代背景下,将信息化技术应用于医学领域已成为目前重要发展形势。在优质护理模式病房的创建过程中,信息化护理管理系统发挥出了重要的应用作用。本文将结合某医院信息化护理管理系统的实践应用情况,对该系统的应用特点以及应用过程展开详细论述。旨在通过本文的理论概述,为信息化护理管理系统的更好应用提供有效参考,促进医院优质护理模式病房的有效建立。     

Retry Limit Based ULP for Scalable Video Transmission over IEEE 802.11e WLANs

We investigate the packet loss behavior in the IEEE 802.11e wireless local area networks (WLANs) under various retry limit settings. Considering scalable video traffic delivery over the IEEE 802.11e WLANs, our study shows the importance of adaptiveness in retry limit settings for the unequal loss protection (ULP) design. Based on the study, we present a simple yet effective retry limit based ULP which adaptively adjusts the retry limit setting of the IEEE 802.11e medium access control protocol to maintain a strong loss protection for critical video traffic transmission. The simulation results illustrate significant advantages in the delivered video quality for our proposed design.