Comparative evaluation of sliding mode fuzzy controller and PID controller for a boost converter

Nonlinear controllers such as fuzzy controllers and sliding mode controllers have been applied to boost converters because of their nonlinear properties. Although both fuzzy and sliding mode controllers have desirable characteristics, they have disadvantages in practice when applied individually. A sliding mode fuzzy controller is proposed to control boost converters. The sliding mode fuzzy controller combines the advantages of both fuzzy controllers and sliding mode controllers. It also has advantages of its own that are well suited for digital control design and implementation. A sliding mode fuzzy controller is designed and verified with experimental results using a prototype boost converter with a DSP-based digital controller. Experimental results of the boost converter using sliding mode fuzzy control are evaluated in comparison with experimental results using a linear PID and PI controller. The comparison indicates that the sliding mode fuzzy controller is able to obtain the desired transient response under varying operating points without chattering. The startup response using sliding mode fuzzy control is superior to the response using PID and PI control, while the load transient response shows no obvious advantage.     

±800kV特高压直流输电标准体系及主设备标准的探讨

目前国内外尚未有±800 kV直流输电设备和设计标准体系。基于我国在特高压直流技术理论研究和工程实践,兼顾已有的±500 kV标准,文章探讨了±800 kV特高压直流输电标准体系的构建原则,并着重介绍了在国际上先行的±800 kV主设备相关标准,包括换流变压器、换流阀、平波电抗器、套管和绝缘子。     

运行变压器油剩余使用寿命评估方法研究

通过对某电站新变压器油和运行变压器油在100℃、110℃和120℃下的氧化诱导期和老化过程中界面张力进行连续不断的测试,并对测试结果进行回归处理,提出了在试验室中对运行变压器油进行剩余使用寿命评估的方法,其评估模型为:N=t÷{(T-t) ÷n}.经实际应用证明,所提出的运行变压器油剩余使用寿命的评估方法评估结果与变压器油实际剩余寿命相符.     

Void-effect modeling of flip-chip encapsulation on ceramicsubstrate

A detailed numerical and experimental study of the thermal-mechanical stress and strain in the solder bumps (C4s) of a flip-chip ceramic chip carrier has been completed. The numerical model used was based upon the finite element method. The model simulated accelerated thermal cycling (ATC) from 0°C to 100°C. Several parametric studies were conducted, including the effects of chip size, micro-encapsulation, and the effect of the presence of voids in the micro-encapsulant. It was notably found that the presence of voids in the encapsulant does not significantly increase the stress/strain in the C4s, with the exception of very large voids and voids at or near the edge of the chip     

联合多流融合和多尺度学习的卷积神经网络遥感图像融合方法

为尽可能保持原始低分辨率多光谱(LRMS)图像光谱信息的同时,显著提高融合后的多光谱图像的空间分辨率,该文提出一种联合多流融合和多尺度学习的卷积神经网络遥感图融合方法。首先将原始MS图像输入频谱特征提取子网得到其光谱特征,然后分别将通过梯度算子处理全色图像得到的梯度信息和通过卷积后的全色图像与得到的光谱特征图在通道上拼接输入到具有多流融合架构的金字塔模块进行图像重构。金字塔模块由多个骨干网络组成,可以在不同的空间感受野下进行特征提取,能够多尺度学习图像信息。最后,构建空间光谱预测子网融合金字塔模块输出的高级特征和网络前端的低级特征得到具有高空间分辨率的MS图像。结合WorldView-3卫星获取的图像进行实验,结果表明,所提方法生成的融合图像在主观目视检验和客观评价指标上都优于大多先进的遥感图像融合方法。     

高效率连续波运转的激光二极管端面抽运914 nm Nd:YVO4激光器

利用激光二极管(LD)抽运Nd∶YVO4晶体产生914 nm谱线振荡,再通过腔内倍频技术获得457 nm激光输出,是获得大功率蓝光激光器的一条重要的技术路线,因而实现高效率运转的914 nm激光输出则是方案的关键。报道了激光二极管端面抽运Nd∶YVO4晶体、连续波运转的大功率914 nm准三能级激光器,方案中采用掺杂原子数分数为0.1%的低掺杂Nd∶YVO4晶体,有效地降低了热效应的影响,并通过准三能级理论模型的模拟计算选择了最佳晶体长度;通过对腔镜介质膜参数的适当控制,有效地抑制了波长为1064 nm和1342 nm的高增益谱线。实验中,914 nm激光器的阈值抽运功率仅为8.5 W,在31 W的抽运功率下914 nm激光输出功率高达7.2 W,激光器的斜率效率为32%,光-光转换效率为23.2%。     

音频标记一致性约束CRNN声音事件检测

级联卷积神经网络(CNN)结构和循环神经网络(RNN)结构的卷积循环神经网络(CRNN)及其改进是当前主流的声音事件检测模型。然而,以端到端方式训练的CRNN声音事件检测模型无法从功能上约束CNN和RNN结构的作用。针对这一问题,该文提出了音频标记一致性约束CRNN声音事件检测方法(ATCC-CRNN)。该方法在CRNN模型的声音事件分类网络中添加了CRNN音频标记分支,同时增加了CNN音频标记网络对CRNN网络CNN结构输出的特征图进行音频标记。然后,通过在模型训练阶段限定CNN和CRNN的音频标记预测结果一致使CRNN模型的CNN结构更关注音频标记任务,RNN结构更关注建立音频样本的帧间关系。从而使CRNN模型的CNN和RNN结构具备了不同的特征描述功能。该文在IEEE DCASE 2019国际竞赛家庭环境声音事件检测任务(任务4)的数据集上进行了实验。实验结果显示：提出的ATCC-CRNN方法显著提高了CRNN模型的声音事件检测性能,在验证集和评估集上的F1得分提高了3.7%以上。这表明提出的ATCC-CRNN方法促进了CRNN模型的功能划分,有效改善了CRNN声音事件检测模型的泛化能力。     

地铁车辆变频空调提升制冷效果和节能示范研究

该文通过在北京地铁一号线车辆段进行正线跟车实时记录装有变频空调与原定频空调车厢内温度及耗电量数据,从温控精度以及节能方面进行对比分析,得到变频空调温度控制精度高于定频空调,装有变频空调车厢内温度均匀性优于原定频空调;变频空调相比于定频空调来说节电效果明显,在提高乘客舒适度的同时,耗电量减少30％-40％,降低运营成本.     

A decision support system for interactive decision making - Part II: analysis and output interpretation

For pt.I see ibid., p.42-55 (2003). The development of a comprehensive decision support system, GMCR II, for the systematic study of real-world interactive decision problems is presented. The companion paper (Part I), discusses how GMCR II elicits, stores, and manages conflict models; here (Part II), the focus is on GMCR IIs analysis and output interpretation subsystems. Specifically, this paper describes the powerful and efficient analysis engine contained in GMCR II, its informative output presentation and interpretation facilities, and a number of follow-up analyses. Furthermore, an illustrative case study is used to demonstrate how GMCR II can be conveniently applied in practice.