芳香醛、苯乙酮和对硝基苯胺一锅法合成Mannich碱

在浓盐酸做催化剂的条件下,芳香醛、苯乙酮和对硝基苯胺能够发生Mannich反应,经过提纯得到相应的Mannich碱。用红外光谱对产物的结构进行表征,并研究浓盐酸的使用量、反应温度、反应时间等条件对产率的影响。实验发现在3滴浓盐酸催化下,控温在15~20℃,反应20 h,产率可达60%左右。     

可逆不对称的氧化还原滴定的林邦滴定曲线方程及其化学计量点E_(sp)值的计算

用物料平衡式、副反应系数和条件稳定常数等知识,推导出可逆不对称的氧化还原滴定的林邦滴定曲线方程并用其推导出化学计量点Esp值的计算公式。     

Efficient Synthesis of Octacosanol Linoleate Catalyzed by Ionic Liquid and Its Structure Characterization

Octacosanol, as the major active policosanol, has attracted much attention due to the potential beneficial effects for human health. However, free octacosanol has a high melting point, poor oil solubility and low bioavailability, which greatly restricts its practical application. In this study, we report a highly efficient method for an ionic liquids (IL)‐catalyzed synthesis of octacosanol ester by direct esterification with linoleic acid. The synthesized product was purified, subsequently characterized by FT‐IR, MS and NMR and finally confirmed to be octacosanol linoleate. The reaction parameters were investigated and the conversion reached 91.3 ± 4.8 % under the optimum conditions: IL 1‐butylsulfonate‐3‐methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BSO₃HMim][HSO₄]) as catalyst, IL dose 1.5 % (related to the mass of both reactants), 1:1 molar ratio of octacosanol to linoleic acid, 80 °C, and 1 h. The melting point and oil solubility of octacosanol were greatly improved by esterification with linoleic acid, facilitating the incorporation into a variety of oil‐based systems.     

Generation of hydrogen under visible light irradiation with enhanced photocatalytic activity of Bi2WO6/Cu1.8Se for organic pollutants under Vis‐NIR light reign

To make better use of solar light, a new Bi₂WO₆/Cu_1.8Se photocatalyst active to visible and near‐infrared light has been synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. The composites were characterized by X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV‐vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and photoluminescene (PL). The photocatalytic activities of Bi₂WO₆/Cu_1.8Se are evaluated by degrading Congo red solution and hydrogen generation from water. It was found that the molar percentage of Cu_1.8Se had great effects on the morphology and photocatalytic property of the Bi₂WO₆/Cu_1.8Se heterojunctions, and the composite with suitable molar amount of Cu_1.8Se exhibits much enhanced photocatalytic activity for Congo red degradation under visible and near‐infrared light irradiation and for hydrogen generation under visible light compared to Bi₂WO₆. The significant improvement photocatalytic activity of the composite could be attributed to its good light absorption, suitable band gap structure, and effective separation of photogenerated electron‐hole pairs of Bi₂WO₆/Cu_1.8Se heterojunction. This work presents an efficient multifunction photocatalyst owning the activity both for water splitting under visible light and for organic contaminants decomposition under visible‐near‐infrared light.     

SF6电气设备漏气的分析处理

根据SF6电气设备在钦州电网中十年来的实际运行情况,分析漏气故障原因,找出SF6电气设备常见的漏气部位.同时列举了几起现场成功处理漏气的案例,为检修人员在日常工作中能以最快速度找到漏点,及时处理设备缺陷提供参考.     

An interactive co-evolutionary CAD system for garment pattern design

Traditional CAD (Computer-Aided Design) methods in garment pattern design (GPD) fail to utilize the knowledge of experts for inexperienced designers. Moreover, the interactive and co-evolutionary features are not supported. We propose an interactive co-evolutionary CAD system for GPD (ICE-GCAD). The functionality model, modular architecture and data flow of the system are proposed. Then, the interactive co-evolutionary system whose core module is an immune-inspired co-evolutionary algorithm is studied. Finally, the flow of co-design in the system is proposed. As a case demonstration, we study a design sample of a leisure shirt. The experimental studies show that our approach has promising performance and appealing effects. We believe ICE-GCAD is applicable to support the collaboration among garment designers and experts.     

加强我国地下水超采区治理的对策和建议

地下水是重要的战略性资源,在我国经济社会发展和生态建设中发挥着不可替代的作用。由于多种原因,我国地下水严重超采、因超采引发的生态与环境破坏、地下水污染等问题日趋突出,严重危及我国饮水安全、经济安全、粮食安全和生态安全。加强超采区治理工作,成为当前我国水资源管理工作亟待解决的重大问题。近年各级政府采取积极措施,超采区治理和生态恢复工作取得积极进展,但当前超采区治理工作仍然十分艰巨。针对这种状况,从制度建设、能力建设等方面,提出进一步加强超采区治理的意见和建议。     

矿山竖炉球团厂对燃料的选择

叙述了峨口铁矿竖炉球团用发生炉煤气站的设计及运行状况；分析了矿山竖炉对燃料的选择。     

宏观经济政策下的水利投融资策略分析

通过分析2008年宏观经济政策的取向和主要内容,针对当前水利面临的形势及宏观经济政策对水利行业各领域投融资的影响程度,提出制定水利建设投融资政策的建议。