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61.
聚醚多元醇钻井液研制及应用 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
以新研制的多功能聚醚多元醇SYP-1为主剂,对聚合物包被剂、防塌剂和降滤失剂进行了优选实验.在此基础上,研制了一种新型的聚醚多元醇钻井液.对聚醚多元醇钻井液的抑制性、流变性、滤失造壁性、润滑性以及对油气层的保护性能进行了室内评价实验,并分析了该钻井液的作用机理.在LN3-6H井和HD4-23H井进行的聚醚多元醇钻井液现场试验表明,在钻进过程中井壁稳定,井径规则,起、下钻畅通,井下安全,测井、下套管及固井作业顺利.室内实验和现场应用表明,聚醚多元醇钻井液具有优良的防塌性和润滑性,能有效地抑制岩屑分散,起到稳定井壁和保护油气层的作用,满足复杂地质条件下钻井的需要. 相似文献
62.
63.
Dynamic Reservation Multiple Access (DRMA): A new multiple access scheme for Personal Communication System (PCS) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
To improve the spectrum efficiency of integrated voice and data services in Personal Communication System (PCS), several reservation-type multiple access schemes, such as Packet Reservation Multiple Access (PRMA), Dynamic Time Division Multiple Access (D-TDMA), Resource Auction Multiple Access (RAMA), etc., have been proposed. PRMA uses the data packet itself to make a channel reservation, and is inefficient in that each unsuccessful reservation wastes one slot. However, it does not have a fixed reservation overhead and offers shorter access delay. On the other hand, fixed reservation overhead is unavoidable in both RAMA and D-TDMA. Compared to D-TDMA and PRMA, RAMA is superior in the sense that its slot assignment is independent of the traffic load. But its implementation is difficult. With these observations, a new reservation protocol, called Dynamic Reservation Multiple Access (DRMA), is proposed in this paper. With this new protocol, the success probability of channel access is greatly improved at the expense of slightly increased system complexity. It solves the problem of inefficiency in PRMA, but without introducing the fixed reservation overhead as in D-TDMA and RAMA. In addition, it is more suited to the dynamic behavior of the integrated traffic because there is no fixed boundary between voice and data slots (which is mandatory in D-TDMA and RAMA). Our numerical results indicate that its performance is superior to the existing reservation protocols, especially in the integrated traffic scenario. Moreover, the soft capacity feature is exhibited when the traffic load increases. 相似文献
64.
金属快速凝固方法的数学模型 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文综述了与几种典型的快速凝固方法相应的数学模型,并对每种模型作了相应的分析和评价。文中重点介绍了“活塞-砧法”,“双辊法”,“单辊法”和“雾化沉积法”数学模型的理论基础,建模过程,理论优缺点及实用局限性。 相似文献
65.
Min Yan Min Qiu 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2007,19(22):1804-1806
The anisotropic finite-element mesh is deployed in a vector finite-element method to numerically derive surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) more efficiently. The superiority of the anisotropic mesh lies in the fact that SPP modes, predictably, have a sharp field variation in the surface-normal direction, whereas the variation along the surface-tangent direction is comparably gentle. A case study on metallic fiber shows that the employment of anisotropic finite elements reduces the problem size by a factor of seven. 相似文献
66.
67.
The external region of a cell membrane, known as the glycocalyx, is dominated by glycosylated molecules, which direct specific interactions such as cell-cell recognition and contribute to the steric repulsion that prevents undesirable non-specific adhesion of other molecules and cells. Mimicking the non-adhesive properties of a glycocalyx provides a potential solution to the clinical problems, such as thrombosis, that are associated with implantable devices owing to non-specific adsorption of plasma proteins. Here we describe a biomimetic surface modification of graphite using oligosaccharide surfactant polymers, which, like a glycocalyx, provides a dense and confluent layer of oligosaccharides. The surfactant polymers consist of a flexible poly(vinyl amine) with dextran and alkanoyl side chains. We show that alkanoyl side chains assemble on graphite through hydrophobic interaction and epitaxial adsorption. This constrains the polymer backbone to lie parallel to the substrate, with solvated dextran side chains protruding into the aqueous phase, creating a glycocalyx-like coating. The resulting biomimetic surface is effective in suppressing protein adsorption from human plasma protein solution. 相似文献
68.
Li Qiu Tongwen Chen 《Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on》1994,39(12):2506-2511
Treating causality constraints, this paper studies optimal synthesis of multirate sampled-data systems with an ℋ2 performance criteria. An explicit solution is obtained by input-output space extensions (lifting) and frequency-domain techniques 相似文献
69.
Recent studies show that the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is expressed at elevated levels in the CNS in several disease states and contributes to the neuropathological process. The mechanisms through which IL-6 exerts its CNS effects are primarily unknown. We have investigated the pathophysiological effects of IL-6 on developing CNS neurons using a culture model system and a chronic treatment paradigm. Here, we show, using current- and voltage-clamp recordings, that chronic IL-6 treatment of developing cerebellar granule neurons increases the membrane and current response to NMDA and that these effects are the primary mechanism through which IL-6 produces an enhanced calcium signal to NMDA. We also show that calcium influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels contributes to the enhanced calcium signal to NMDA in the IL-6-treated neurons in a developmentally regulated manner and that the membrane depolarization to NMDA is more sensitive to the NMDA receptor antagonist ifenprodil in the IL-6-treated neurons compared with control neurons at a late developmental stage, consistent with a larger proportion of NMDA receptors containing the NMDAR2B subunit in the IL-6-treated neurons. Additional studies show that IL-6 treatment reduces the number of granule neurons in culture and enhances neurotoxicity involving NMDA receptors. These results support a pathological role for IL-6 in the CNS and indicate that NMDA receptor-mediated functions are likely to play a critical role in neuropathological changes observed in CNS diseases associated with elevated CNS levels of IL-6. 相似文献
70.
本文研究了TiO2掺入对CaO稳定ZrO2(简称CaSZ-NiCr)金属陶瓷烧结特性的影响,测定了CaSZ-NiCr-TiO2金属陶瓷烧结样品的密度和显微硬度,结果表明,TiO2的掺入能提高CaSZ-NICr金属陶瓷的烧结密度和显微硬度,对CaSZ-NiCr金属陶瓷有助烧结作用.金相观察表明,TiO3的掺入改变了NiCr相在金属陶瓷中的形貌,说明了NiCr与CaSZ的浸润性有一定的改善.XRD和EPMA分析结果显示,TiO2偏聚在NiCr金属相中,不影响CaSZ的稳定性. 相似文献