An Efficient Multi-Path Self-Organizing Strategy in Internet of Things

In order to improve the organizing performance and fault tolerance of the wireless network protocol GEAR based on the geographical location information in the Internet of things and achieve better energy distribution and conservation effects. This paper proposes a new multipath routing organizing protocol (SMG, Self-organized Multipath GEAR) based on the basic geographic routing protocol GEAR. By two-step organizing, communication empty nodes and communication hole can join the network respectively and energy spreading out and mechanism of dormancy of the multi-path are utilized to spread out and save energy. Meanwhile, this paper presents an approximate estimation algorithm to estimate the number of the nodes in the monitoring region with a certain size and regular shape. The critical path node goes to failure in different times while received packet rate is monitored using the experiment of NS2 simulation and actual hardware. The experiment results show that the improved protocol increases the fault tolerance of the network, reduces the paralysis rate of the network and achieves the effect of energy spreading out and saving, increases the lifetime of the network through a multi-path strategy.     

Multichannel Sonocatalysis Amplifiers Target IDH1-Mutated Tumor Plasticity and Attenuate Ros Tolerance to Repress Malignant Cholangiocarcinoma

Tumor adaptation-originated tumor tolerance that compensatory mechanisms (e.g., isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation) jointly shape is the dominant obstacle of ROS therapy. Currently, targeting a single pathway fails to fundamentally reverse the complex milieu and diminish tumor adaptation. Herein, a multichannel sonocatalysis amplifier is engineered via one-pot gas diffusion method to attenuate IDH1-mutated cholangiocarcinoma plasticity and tolerance to ROS therapy, wherein triptolide and IR780 are co-loaded in DSPE-mPEG-modified CaCO₃ nanoparticles. Triptolide can blockade Nrf2 to cut off glutathione biosynthesis via blockading proteomic communication, and disrupt redox homeostasis to potentiate IR780-mediated sonocatalytic ROS production. ROS-induced mitochondria damages disrupt Ca²⁺ homeostasis and in turn aggravate ROS accumulation, which cooperates with sonocatalysis and Nrf2 blockade to reprogram mitochondrial energy and substance metabolism (e.g., adenosine triphosphatase and glutathione), hinder DNA self-repair, and impair IDH1-mutation-asired tolerance. Systematic experiments support that these actions in such multichannel sonocatalysis amplifiers indeed disrupt Ca²⁺/redox homeostasis to disarm robust tumor plasticity and IDH1-mutation-induced tolerance to sonocatalysis therapy against IDH1-mutated cholangiocarcinoma progression. Briefly, the sonocatalysis amplifiers pave a comprehensive avenue to reprogram tumor metabolism, target tumor vulnerability, and attenuate tumor plasticity against genomic instability-raised treatment adaptation.     

Phosphorus Removal from Silicon by Vacuum Refining and Directional Solidification

Silicon is widely used as a raw material for production of solar cells. As a major impurity in silicon, phosphorus must be removed to 1 × 10^?5 wt.%. In the present study, based on the distribution of phosphorus in a silicon ingot obtained by vacuum refining and directional solidification, the mechanism for removal of phosphorus from silicon is investigated. The results show that the distribution is controlled not only by segregation at the solid–liquid interface but also by evaporation at the gas–liquid interface, showing some deviation from Scheil’s equation. A modified model which considers both segregation and evaporation is used to simulate the distribution, matching quite well with the experimental results. The temperature and solidification rate are two important parameters that affect the overall mass transfer coefficient and the effective segregation coefficient and thus the distribution of phosphorus. A high removal efficiency and a homogeneous distribution can be obtained by adjusting these two parameters.     

Influences of the initial parameters on the performance of a coaxial-waveguide cyclotron autoresonance maser (CARM) amplifier

Nonlinear simulations demonstrate the possibility for a coaxial-waveguide cyclotron autoresonance maser (CARM) amplifier to operate at a frequency of 140?GHz emitting hundreds of watts with an ultrahigh gain of 68?dB. Careful design of the operating magnetic field is of importance to the power of the device, although the other initial parameters such as electron-beam radius and voltage also affect the power. Like a cylindrical-waveguide CARM, a coaxial-waveguide CARM amplifier is sensitive to the velocity spread of the electron beam.     

银包铜复合材料的界面研究

采用复合铸造方法制备了银包铜复合材料,研究了扩散退火温度和时间对复合材料显微组织和扩散层厚度的影响。结果表明:随着扩散热处理温度升高和保温时间的延长,扩散层厚度逐渐增加,在500℃和600℃保温60 min,出现了界面组织的球化现象。扩散层厚度与扩散处理时间的平方根成正比,扩散层生长激活能为51.9 kJ/mol。     

基于最小二乘法的雷达辐射源精确识别指标权重确定方法

雷达辐射源精确识别技术通过提取辐射源个体的固有指纹特征,可以在低信噪比、电磁信号密集的复杂电磁环境中对辐射源个体进行准确、有效识别,被广泛应用于电子情报侦察中.但目前的指纹特征赋权主要依靠专家经验,缺乏客观性.运用最小二乘法优化模型,对提取的指纹特征权值进行了分析计算,提高了辐射源精确识别指标权重确定的准确性、科学性及使用价值.     

一种获取摄像机安装高度及倾角的简易标定方法

提出了一种在摄像机内参数已知的情况下,通过地面上已知的4个及以上共面点求解出摄像机安装高度和安装倾角的标定方法.选定地面为X-O-Y面,则Z轴方向的平移因子即为摄像机的安装高度.方法借鉴了利用共面点进行标定的方法,在计算过程中利用投影矩阵元素间的比值关系,巧妙地消除了深度因子的影响,求解出了旋转角度和摄像机的安装高度,进而得到了摄像机的外参数矩阵.将多组实验计算出的安装高度结果和实际测量值相对比,得到的误差非常小,证明了该算法计算简便且具有较高的准确性.     

用光纤环路镜实现WDM系统中的EDFA增益均衡

EDFA对不同波长的光产生的增益不同 ,这种增益不平坦特性成为 WDM系统中高速率、大容量信息传输的障碍 ,因此对 EDFA的增益进行均衡就显得特别重要。介绍用光纤环路镜实现 EDFA增益均衡的机理 ,并进行了实验 ,结果表明该方法简单易行 ,均衡效果显著     

InternetVPN技术进展情况

虚拟专用网与Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的结合形成了当前业界发展的一个热点－ＩＮＰＶ。ＩＶＰＮ通过加密、鉴定和隧道协议来实现,它把路由器交换机和传输线结合在一起,以实现安全保密的通信。ＩＥＴＦ的ＩＰｓｅｃ是隧道协议的一种,为ＶＰＮ之间的互操作提供了标准,目前已有一些ＩＰＳ提供了具有一定安全性的ＩＶＰＮ业务。     

IMS域策略与计费控制接口的平滑演进

为了提供更好的基于流的计费和策略控制,3GPP在IMSR7版本中提出策略与计费控制体系架构,其基本思路是将IMSR6版本中的策略决策功能实体和计费策略功能实体合并为R7中的策略与计费规则功能实体。本文首先简要介绍了IMSR6和IMSR7控制模型;然后重点分析了与策略控制、计费控制相关Gx接口、Rx接口的接口消息及其参数。分析表明,通过定义特定AVP,实现了IMSR6向IMSR7策略控制和计费控制接口的平滑演进。