Controlling gelation time of in situ polymerization of gel system through AGET ATRP principle

Iranian Polymer Journal - To better control the gelation time of in situ polymerization of gel system in reservoir, an activator regenerated by AGET (activator generated by electron transfer) ATRP...     

Renewable hydrogen production from steam reforming of glycerol (SRG) over ceria-modified γ-alumina supported Ni catalyst

Excess crude glycerol derived as a by-product from biodiesel industry prompts the need to valorise glycerol to value-added chemicals. In this context, catalytic steam reforming of glycerol (SRG) was proposed as a promising and sustainable alternative for producing renewable hydrogen (H₂). Herein, the development of nickel (Ni) supported on ceria-modified mesoporous γ-alumina (γ-Al₂O₃) catalysts and their applications in catalytic SRG (at 550–750 °C, atmospheric pressure and weight hourly space velocity, WHSV, of 44,122 ml·g⁻¹·h⁻¹ (STP)) is presented. Properties of the developed catalysts were characterised using many techniques. The findings show that ceria modification improved Ni dispersion on γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst support with highly active small Ni particles, which led to a remarkable catalytic performance with the total glycerol conversion (ca. 99%), glycerol conversion into gaseous products (ca. 77%) and H₂ yield (ca. 62%). The formation rate for H₂ production (14.4 × 10⁻⁵ mol·s⁻¹·g⁻¹, TOF (H₂) = 3412 s⁻¹) was significantly improved with the Ni@12Ce-Al₂O₃ catalyst, representing nearly a 2-fold increase compared with that of the conventional Ni@Al₂O₃ catalyst. In addition, the developed catalyst also exhibited comparatively high stability (for 12 h) and coke resistance ability.     

Liquid-solid mass transfer in a rotating packed bed reactor with structured foam packing

A rotating packed bed (RPB) reactor has substantially potential for the process intensification of heterogeneous catalytic reactions. However, the scarce knowledge of the liquid–solid mass transfer in the RPB reactor is a barrier for its design and scale-up. In this work, the liquid–solid mass transfer in a RPB reactor installed with structured foam packing was experimentally studied using copper dissolution by potassium dichromate. Effects of rotational speed, liquid and gas volumetric flow rate on the liquid–solid mass transfer coefficient (k_LS) have been investigated. The correlation for predicting k_LS was proposed, and the deviation between the experimental and predicted values was within ± 12%. The liquid–solid volumetric mass transfer coefficient (k_LSa_LS) ranged from 0.04–0.14 1⁻¹, which was approximately 5 times larger than that in the packed bed reactor. This work lays the foundation for modeling of the RPB reactor packed with structured foam packing for heterogeneous catalytic reaction.     

The effects of thermoresponsive microgel density on cell adhesion,proliferation, and detachment

In recent years, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based microgels have been emerged as a new thermoresponsive coating for cell/cell sheet harvesting, yet few work reports their effect on cell attachment, morphology, activity, and proliferation in details. In this work, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-styrene) (pNIPAAmSt) microgel was selected as the model to study its density on NIH3T3 cell adhesion, morphology, activity, and detachment. Results showed that 0.5 wt % pNIPAAmSt microgel density leads to more cells adhesion, higher cell activity yet lower cell proliferation. Moreover, cell adhesion location can be well controlled either by manipulating the sub-cellular scale distances between microgels or by fabricating large scale surface patterns of the microgels on higher microgel density. By temperature stimuli, similar ratio cells detached from the microgel density surface from 0.5 to 1.5 wt %. The results in this article are worthy for the application of thermoresponsive microgels in cell regulation. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48773.     

石墨烯改性涂层防护性能研究

为减少团聚,提高石墨烯在涂层中的分散性,研究采用纳米分散技术预先制备了石墨烯分散液,再将其分散至环氧树脂中获得石墨烯改性复合涂层。通过对石墨烯含量为 0、0.3%、0.6%的复合涂层进行盐水浸泡、盐雾、阴极剥离实验及电化学性能测试,证明石墨烯的加入显著增强了涂层的防护性能。石墨烯复合涂层在 3.5%盐水中浸泡 1 008 h后,涂层低频阻抗仍大于 106 Ω·cm²比未添加石墨烯的涂层提高了 3个数量级,且盐雾实验 6 000 h后涂层表面仍保持完好;含 0.6%石墨烯,的涂层耐蚀行为劣于石墨烯含量为 0.3%的涂层。     

双醛改性纤维素纳米纤丝增强木质素水凝胶及其耐温耐盐性能研究

将双醛纤维素纳米纤丝（DA-CNF）应用到木质素水凝胶的制备中,利用DA-CNF在水凝胶中的互穿网络作用以及醛基与碱木质素酚羟基发生缩合反应,从而达到增强木质素水凝胶强度的目的。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）分析结果表明,聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚（PEGDGE-500）以及DA-CNF与木质素发生了反应;扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析结果表明,添加DA-CNF后,木质素水凝胶的结构呈多孔性;添加DA-CNF能够显著改善木质素水凝胶的物理强度、热稳定性和耐温耐盐性能,当DA-CNF添加量为2.0%时,木质素水凝胶拉伸应力由69 kPa提高至175 kPa,压缩应力由0.18 MPa提高至1.5 MPa,初始降解温度由209℃提高到248℃。DA-CNF增强的木质素水凝胶具有较高的耐温耐盐特性,在150℃、pH值=9的20万矿化度的盐水中老化20天后,其质量保留率仍可达86.4%,且具有较好的pH适应性。综上所述,DA-CNF增强的木质素水凝胶具有潜在的油田封堵应用潜力。     

纤维表面润湿性能及其与纤维结合性能的响应关系研究

对南方松热磨机械浆纤维进行PFI磨浆处理,通过"液桥法"分析纤维接触角,进而计算表面能用于表征纤维表面润湿性能,最终建立纤维表面润湿性能与纤维结合性能之间的响应关系。结果表明,随着机械处理程度的加深,纤维表面木素含量从87. 13%降低到77. 51%,纤维表面润湿性能得到改善(表面能从46. 63 m J/m~2上升到54. 45 m J/m~2,表面电荷从48. 382 mmol/kg上升到60. 382 mmol/kg),结合强度指数从4. 63 N·m/g提升到10. 9 N·m/g。实验发现,纤维表面润湿性能与结合强度指数以及纸张的松厚度之间存在二次函数关系,且相关系数均大于0. 9。从表面润湿性能与松厚度之间的关系方程可知,纸张松厚度随纤维表面润湿性能降低而降低的较小,在整个机械处理过程中从4. 95 cm~3/g下降到3. 57 cm~3/g,这表明可通过改善纤维表面润湿性能来达到在不显著影响纸张松厚度的前提下提高纤维结合性能的目的。     

基于深度学习的高压隔离开关分合状态检测算法研究

高压隔离开关的正常工作是电力系统稳定运行的前提。为正确识别隔离开关的分合状态,提出一种轻量化改进型YOLOv5s目标检测算法。首先,针对隔离开关数据集,采用二次优化K-means++聚类算法重新获取锚框参数。然后,将模型中的损失函数由CIOU替换为具有更强收敛性能的EIOU,加快模型训练的收敛速度。最后,在模型主干特征提取网络的最后一层添加CBAM注意力模块,加强模型特征提取能力。在此基础上,采用通道稀疏化剪枝的方法对改进后的模型进行轻量化处理,减小模型体积和算力消耗。实验结果表明,改进后的模型识别平均精度均值到达97.4%,轻量化处理后的模型大小为3.92 MB,使得模型更加容易部署到移动端设备完成实时检测。     

四种纳滤膜对高盐废水分盐效果分析

为了使煤化工零排放高盐废水分盐产出高质量NaCl和Na2SO4结晶盐,提高废水处理过程的分盐效率,以宁东某煤化工零排放高盐废水的水质情况模拟配制了无机盐溶液,选取了膜1、膜2、膜3和膜4等4种商用纳滤膜,探讨了其对模拟高盐废水中的常规离子(Mg2+、Ca2+、Na+、K+、SO42-、Cl-、NO3-)的截留率,并考察...     

大规模海上风电场的双层分布式有功控制

传统集中式的风电场有功控制策略在风电场规模较大时面临中央控制器计算负担重、鲁棒性差等问题,完全分布式控制的收敛性受通信延迟和迭代次数的影响显著.为此,提出了一种双层分布式的控制结构.上层控制基于分布式一致性算法进行设计,降低通信系统的建设投资和缓解集中控制器的求解负担.下层控制采用基于模型预测控制(Model Pred...