由3-吲哚乙酰胺制备色胺

色胺(Tryptamine)，化学名为3-(2-氨乙基)吲哚，是合成具有治疗脑动脉硬化作用的长春胺和脱水长春胺乙酯等生物碱的中间体。文献报道的合成方法较多，如以γ-氯丁醛和苯肼缩合法、3-氯丙基丙二酸乙酯和氯化重氮苯偶合法、乙酰吲哚满基酮为原料的Wittuig反应法、以丙烯腈和丙二酸乙酯为原料的6步法等，这些方法或总收率低、或中间体制备困难、或反应条件苛刻、     

多组分氯盐体系镁锂分离规律初探

以Na₂CO₃为沉淀剂,初步研究了多组分氯盐混合体系（0.6 mol MgCl₂+1.1 mol LiCl+3.2 mol NaCl）中选择性沉镁的工艺规律。结果表明：在25~80 ℃,总C与总Mg物质的量比[n（C_T）/n（Mg_T）]为 0.8~1.1时,25 ℃形成针状MgCO₃·3H₂O,40 ℃以上形成Mg₅（CO₃）₄（OH）₂·4H₂O不规则片状团聚微球,其中40~50 ℃形成的片状物较为分散且粒径较小,导致固液分离困难。40 ℃时沉镁率最低。温度越高,Li₂CO₃越易形成,沉锂率越大。n（C_T）/n（Mg_T）越大沉镁率和沉锂率越高。室温（25 ℃）、n（C_T）/n（Mg_T）=1.0时,沉镁率达98%以上,且沉锂率<0.1%,镁锂分离效果最好。     

弹性条缝筛网用聚氨酯弹性体的研制

采用预聚法常压浇注制备煤矿用聚氨酯筛网，考察了聚醚多元醇、甲苯二异氰酸酯异构体种类、预聚体的NCO质量分数、扩链反应温度、后熟化温度及时间等条件对制筛网用的浇注型聚氨酯弹性体体系操作性能及物理性能的影响。实验表明，采用聚四氢呋喃二醇与聚氧化丙烯二醇的混合二醇(质量比为80：20)，制得的预聚体NCO质量分数控制在4．5％左右；再以MOCA和一种三官能度扩链剂的混合扩链剂进行扩链，制得的浇注型聚氨酯弹性体满足洗煤用筛网的性能要求。     

Grafting polymerization of l-lactide on the surface of hydroxyapatite nano-crystals

A novel method of grafting ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide (LLA) onto the surface of hydroxyapatite nano-particles (n-HAP) was developed. PLLA was directly connected onto the HAP surface through a chemical linkage. The PLLA-g-HAP particles could be stably dispersed in organic solvent such as chloroform for several weeks. The n-HAP particles still retained the original dimension and shape after the grafting of PLLA. Compared with the ³¹P MAS-NMR spectrum of pure HAP powders, there appeared a downfield displacement of 1.2 ppm in the spectrum of PLLA-g-HAP. Fourier transformation infrared (FT-IR) spectra further confirmed the existence of PLLA on the surface of PLLA-g-HAP. The amount of grafted polymer determined by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was about 6% in weight. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the PLLA/PLLA-g-HAP composite containing 8 wt% of PLLA-g-HAP were 55 MPa and about 10-13%, respectively, while those of the PLLA/n-HAP composites were 40 MPa and 3-5%, respectively.     

Morphology and characterization of conductive films based on polyaniline‐coated polystyrene latexes

The polyaniline (PANI)‐coated polystyrene (PS) latexes were synthesized, and the electrically conductive films were prepared thereafter. The weight ratio of PANI was 5%. Thermal analysis of the latices was performed using DSC and TGA. In this study, the electrically conductive films were prepared above the PS glass transition temperature (T_g). During the film formation, the effects of the annealing temperature and atmosphere (air or N₂) on the film resistance were investigated. In addition, the film morphology was observed utilizing scanning electron microscopy. The film resistance decreased in the initial heating stage due to the increasing temperature and the compaction of film. Then the film resistance increased with further annealing due to the aging of PANI. Typically, the film resistance was about 6000 Ω/sq, and the conductivity was 0.3 S/cm. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5406–5413, 2006     

Mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid) and wheat starch blends with methylenediphenyl diisocyanate

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and wheat starch are biodegradable polymers derived from renewable sources. A previous study showed that thermally blending starch and PLA in the presence of methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) enhanced the mechanical properties of the blends. In this work, blends of PLA with various levels of wheat starch and MDI were hot mixed at 180°C then hot‐pressure molded at 175°C to form test specimens. The blends were characterized for mechanical properties, fracture microstructure, and water absorption. Pure PLA had a tensile strength of 62.7 MPa and elongation of 6.5%. The blend with 45% wheat starch and 0.5 wt % MDI gave the highest tensile strength of about 68 MPa with about 5.1% elongation. The blend with 20% starch and 0.5 wt % MDI had the lowest tensile strength of about 58 MPa with about 5.6% elongation. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that storage modulus increased and tan δ decreased as starch level increased, but almost leveled off when starch level reached 45% or higher. Water absorption of the blends increased significantly with starch content. Yet the blend, if water proofed on its surface, has potential for short‐term disposable applications. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 1257–1262, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10457     

在方箱炉、圆筒炉中区域法计算辐射传热的数学模型及其应用

本文叙述了以区域法计算辐射传热的数学模型。在区域法中,系统被分为表面区和气体区,区域数取决于所要求的结果精度和计算时间。炉子的温度分布可通过解每区的能量平衡而得。作为Hottel和Cohen的原始开发,直接交换面积限于立方体和正方形;本文给出了在方箱炉、圆筒炉中任何两区之间直接交换面积方程式的推导。这些方程式可适用于任何大小的矩形、共轴圆筒壁、炉底环形区和其他形状。 本文提供了一个关于烃类一段蒸汽转化炉和圆筒炉的设计方法。计及反应动力学、对流传热、管内压降,采用区域法计算这些炉子的温度分布,从而预言工艺气、烟气、管表面和耐火墙表面的温度分布。计算结果与工厂实测数据相吻合。     

邻、对氯甲苯侧链光氯化的研究

采用光照内环流反应器,研究了邻、对氯甲苯分别侧链光氯化制备对、邻氯氯苄,对、邻氯苄叉二氯,对、邻氯三氯甲苯,考察了氯气流量、温度对光氯化反应的影响,实测了各组分质量分数随时间的变化关系,得到了各组分的最高质量分数与时间的对应关系,得出了制备各产物的适宜工艺条件.通过对对、邻氯甲苯光氯化的比较,发现邻氯氯苄的最高质量分数稍高于对氯氯苄的最高质量分数,140℃时分别达72.2%和69.2%,邻氯苄叉二氯的最高质量分数显著高于对氯苄叉二氯的最高质量分数,140℃时分别达88.5%和74.2%.经过充分氯化,对、邻氯三氯甲苯质量分数均能达到99%以上.     

液相合成纳米氧化锌及其光催化性能探讨

以硝酸锌和氢氧化钠为原料,分别以水和醇作为溶剂,采用液相直接沉淀法合成纳米氧化锌。在以水为反应溶剂条件下,研究了反应时间、反应温度、反应物浓度和反应物配比对纳米氧化锌中位径和形貌的影响,得到制备较小中位径及合适长径比纳米氧化锌的最优反应条件,即:反应时间为3 h、反应温度为70 ℃、锌离子浓度为0.5 mol/L、锌离子与氢氧根浓度比为1:2。在上述最优反应条件下,研究了不同醇溶剂对纳米氧化锌中位径、形貌及其光催化性能的影响。研究发现,随着溶剂碳链长度的增长,纳米氧化锌中位径呈现上下波动,无明显变化规律,形貌由球状向柱状发展,光催化性能总体不断减弱。     

Cortex—MO＋的RFID读卡器模块设计

本文设计一种基于NXP公司的LPC812微控制器和SLRC610射频芯片的RFID模块方法。该模块采用内置天线,预留串口与外部通信。该模块性能优良、易于集成到RFID系统中,使用户更专注于系统功能方面的设计。