抗高过载微流体惯性开关

基于微连通器结构,提出了一种使用盐水(Na Cl溶液)作为工作流体且具有高的抗过载能力的微流体惯性开关。分析了液滴的分离机理,设计了开关的流道结构。然后,对开关进行了理论分析,建立了开关模型。最后,利用流体动力学仿真和样机实验相结合的方法,对开关结构和功能进行了验证。验证结果显示:在幅值为30 000 g阶跃型加速度作用下,开关的工作流体仍未发生分离,加速度的幅值与开关响应时间相关。另外,开关样机能够使盐水液面形成高度差,样机的静态加速度阈值为134.6 g~152.3 g,非常接近其理论计算的加速度阈值142.7 g。得到的结果表明,采用的微连通器结构能够极大地增强微流体惯性开关的抗液体分离能力,能够对加速度幅值进行区分,并实现闭锁功能,同时显示了高的抗过载能力。     

基于梯度变步长LMS的电子天平抗震设计

以应变式电子天平为研究对象,在分析电子天平震动信号的频谱特性及其对天平计量性能影响的基础上,提出一种基于梯度变步长最小均方(LMS)自适应滤波器的电子天平抗震动设计方法。依据天平称量数据的震动影响来源和特点,通过与切比雪夫低通滤波、椭圆低通滤波、巴特沃斯低通滤波及滑动平均滤波等常用抗震动滤波方法进行仿真实验对比,证明梯度变步长LMS自适应滤波算法的有效性与优越性,该方法在实际天平中得到应用。实验表明,采用本方法研制的200 g/0.001 g应变片电子天平可以在普通木质实验台上准确称重,最大称重误差≤0.001 5%,且不受榔头敲击实验台等冲击性震动的影响。     

Cohesive mechanism of the FeCr/Ni Interface: A first-principles study

Based on previous experimental results, a series of FeCr/Ni interface models have been constructed and analyzed using a first-principles pseudopotential plane-wave method. Several parameters, such as the ideal work of separation (W), formation enthalpy (ΔH), cohesive energy (ΔE), and electronic structure were calculated in order to analyze the bonding performance and adhesion mechanisms of elements along an FeCr/Ni interface. The largest ideal work of separation was obtained for the Fe(100)/Ni(100) interface, which implies that this interface model presented the most stable structure among a series of crystal interface indices, e.g., (100), (110), and (111). With Cr doping, the W of the FeCr(100)/Ni(100) interface was increased by 101.571 mJ/m². The corresponding ΔH and ΔE values also indicated that the FeCr(100)/Ni(100) interface model was strengthened by doping with chromium. Furthermore, the overlap population ratio, R _LBOP (R _LBOP= 1.04), of FeCr(100)/Ni(100) was smaller than that of Fe(100)/Ni(100) (R _LBOP = 1.35), which implies that the toughness of the Fe(100)/Ni(100) interface can be improved by the presence of chromium impurities. Moreover, electronic structure analysis provided an understanding of the mechanical performance of the various Fe(Cr)/Ni interface models. Thus, our findings open a potential avenue for the comprehensive study of composite material designs.     

Plasma treatment of multi-walled carbon nanotubes for lipase immobilization

Plasma-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were used as a support to immobilize lipase. The effects of vacuum plasma treatment power, vacuum plasma treatment time, immobilization temperature, immobilization time, and initial protein concentration of the lipase on the amount of lipase immobilized and on the subsequent activity of the immobilized lipase were investigated. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the plasma-modified MWNTs could reach 0.15 g/g and that the maximal enzyme activity of the immobilized lipase was 520U/g under optimized conditions. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the properties of the plasma-modified MWNTs and plasma-modified MWNTs-lipase, and the results showed that the lipase was successfully immobilized on the plasma-modified MWNTs. Also, the MWNTs-lipase produced an esterification rate of approximately 47% in the synthesis of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-aliphatic esters.     

New Natural Pigment Fraction Isolated from Saw Palmetto: Potential for Adjuvant Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

For the first time, we discovered a small proportion of aqueous fraction from Saw Palmetto apart from the fatty acid-rich fraction exhibited pharmacological activity. Therefore, this study aims to explore the anti-tumor potential of red pigmented aqueous fraction of Saw Palmetto, NYG on human hepatocellular carcinoma and its possible targets. Subcutaneous xenograft and orthotopic implantation models of HCC were used to evaluate the tumor inhibitory effect of NYG. Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used as in vitro model. The mRNA expression was conducted by qPCR. Protein expression was monitored by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Cell migration and blood vessel formation were determined by chamber assay and tube formation assay, respectively. Significant tumor inhibition of NYG in dose-dependent manner was observed on subcutaneous xenograft and orthotopic HCC model. NYG has no direct action on cell viability or VEGF secretion of HCC cells. However, NYG reduced in vitro migration and vessel formation activities of HUVEC cells, as well as in vivo intratumoral neovascularization. NYG attenuated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) activation in endothelial cells, which may be associated with the suppression of migration and tube formation of HUVEC. NYG suppressed tumor expansion of HCC via inhibiting neovascularization, and may be potential adjuvant treatment for HCC.