Al_xGa_(1-x)As_ySb_(1-y)/GaSb的LPE生长与性质研究

在GaSb衬底上用LPE法生长了晶格匹配的AlGaAsSb外延层。用室温光致发光和X射线双晶衍射分别测量了材料的禁带宽度和晶格常数,并与用内插法计算的结果进行了比较。用C-V和van der Pauw法测量了样品的电学参数。用激光喇曼散射和低温光致发光研究了材料的光学性质,观察到了类GaSb的LO模和类AlSb的LO模以及LO声子与等离子激元的耦合模L_-;对x=0.2,y=0.025的样品,由低温到室温的变温光致发光测量确定的禁带宽度的温度系数为-3.2×10~(-4)eV/K。此外对于晶格失配,P型的原因以及PL谱峰的展宽等问题进行了讨论。     

复合材料结构用高锁螺栓的动态复合加载失效特性

为研究复合材料结构用高锁螺栓的动态复合加载失效特性,基于高速液压伺服材料实验机设计专用的实验支持装置,提出碰撞式实验加载方法。实现中国商用飞机有限责任公司紧固件工艺标准CFBL1001-6-6/CFNT1003CY6抗剪型高锁螺栓在0.01 m/s、0.10 m/s、1.00 m/s加载速度及纯拉伸、30°拉伸-剪切耦合、45°拉伸-剪切耦合、60°拉伸-剪切耦合、纯剪切状态下的失效测试,并基于实验结果拟合得到高锁螺栓的失效参数。结果表明：提出的测试方法能够有效获取高锁螺栓的动态失效参数;CFBL1001-6-6/CFNT1003CY6高锁螺栓的失效模式和失效载荷受加载方式影响较大,受加载速度影响较小;拟合获得的失效方程可较好地表征高锁螺栓的失效特性。     

基于单次快拍的双基地MIMO雷达多目标角度估计方法

该文提出了一种双基地MIMO雷达体制下,利用单次快拍的回波数据进行多目标2维发射角(DOD)和2维接收角(DOA)联合估计的新方法。首先对等效接收阵数据的自相关矩阵进行发射分集平滑实现接收角(DOA)的估计,然后对等效发射阵数据的自相关矩阵进行接收分集平滑实现发射角(DOD)的估计,最后通过最大似然法完成两种角度的配对。该算法仅用一个时域快拍的数据实现了多目标回波的解相干,对发射和接收阵型有着广泛的适应性,同时为高速机动目标的角度测量提供了一种新的思路,仿真实验表明了该算法的有效性。     

基于虚拟现实环境的脑机接口技术研究进展

将脑-机接口(brain-computer interface,BCI)技术与虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)相结合构成基于虚拟现实的脑-机接口(BCI-VR)新技术是最近在多媒体和娱乐领域出现的一种BCI应用新模式。BCI-VR兼取两者优势互补,同时又相互促进创新,显示出广阔应用前景。本文从BCI-VR系统基本构成、BCI对VR控制和VR对BCI影响等方面,较详细介绍了近年来BCI-VR的主要研究方法、研究进展和成就,并根据作者体会小结了目前存在的难点与未来的可能发展动向,以与读者交流、共同促进BCI-VR新技术的快速发展。     

厚度切变模式高频谐振器用压电陶瓷

研究了Ｐｂ（ＺｒｘＴｉｙ）Ｏ３＋ＤＭｎＯ２＋ＥＣｅＯ２二元系压电陶瓷材料,以质量分数ｗ为５％～１０％的碱土金属元素Ｍｇ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ氧化物加入配方中,形成二价正离子,取代铅,再以适量的ＭｎＯ２,ＣｅＯ２氧化物作为添加物加入配方中,选择了合适的工艺,获得了性能优良的压电陶瓷材料,该材料已成功地用于制造１．５～６．０ＭＨｚ厚度切变模式高频谐振器。     

Enhancing the Photovoltaic Performance of Ladder-Type Heteroheptacene-based Nonfullerene Acceptors by Incorporating Halogen Atoms on Their Ending Groups

Ending group halogenation is an effective strategy for modulating the energy levels, bandgaps, and intermolecular interactions of nonfullerene acceptors. Understanding the influence of different halogen atoms on the acceptor properties is of great importance for designing high-performance nonfullerene acceptors. Here, three acceptor–donor–acceptor (A-D-A) type nonfullerene acceptors (M5, M6, and M7), which are constructed by using a ladder-type heteroheptacene core without the traditional sp³ carbon-bonded side chains as the electron-rich core, and 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile without or with halogen atoms as the ending groups. The nonfullerene acceptors with chlorinated (M6) and brominated (M7) ending groups exhibit broadened absorption spectra, down-shifted energy levels, and enhanced molecular ordering compared to the counterpart without any halogenated ending groups (M5). Among the nonfullerene acceptors, M6 has the strongest intermolecular π π interaction with its shortest π π interaction distance and the longest coherent length which are beneficial for enhancing the charge transport and therefore boosting the photovoltaic performance. An excellent power conversion efficiency of 15.45% is achieved for the best-performing polymer solar cell based on M6. These results suggest that the halogenated ending groups are essential for high-performance heteroheptacene-based nonfullerene acceptors considering their simultaneous enhancements in both the light-harvesting and the charge transport.     

First-principles investigation of the optical properties of CuIn(SxSe1–x)2

We optimized the lattice structure of sulfur-doped CuInSe₂ using first principles. The lattice constants for CuIn(S_xSe_1–x)₂ vary linearly with x according to a(x)=–0.02828x+0.58786 nm and c(x)=–0.05692x+1.1834 nm, which agree well with experimental data. The optical properties of CuIn(S_xSe_1–x)₂ were then systematically investigated using first-principles calculations with the HSE06 functional. We present data for the complex dielectric function, refractive index, extinction coefficient, reflectivity index, absorption coefficient, and optical bandgap for CuIn(S_xSe_1–x)₂. The optical bandgap E_g obtained from the absorption coefficient is 1.07 eV for CuInSe₂ and 1.384 eV for CuInS₂. These values are very close to experimental results, indicating that first-principles calculations can yield accurate bandgap values. The optical bandgap of CuIn(S_xSe_1–x)₂ increases linearly with the sulfur concentration according to E_g=0.3139x+1.0825 eV.     

Non-uniform array pattern synthesis using reweighted ℓ1-norm minimization

This paper presents a new array pattern synthesis algorithm by reweighted ?₁-norm minimization and convex optimization. A virtual uniform array with much smaller element spacing and a weight matrix are created first; then, we obtain a weight vector by solving a weighted ?₁-norm minimization convex problem, and update the weight matrix by the weight vector. Some entries of the weight vector are so small and thus negligible without significantly changing the array pattern performance. Based on this notion, the pruned weight vector becomes a sparse weight vector, and a non-uniform array is formed according to the nonzero valued positions of the sparse weight vector. Determining the weight vector, updating the weight matrix and creating a non-uniform array are repeated until the final array synthesis performance is satisfactory. After optimizing the array geometric construction, we obtain the optimal weight vector of the non-uniform array by using convex optimization. One numerical example is presented to show the high efficiency of achieving the desired radiation pattern with the minimum number of antenna elements.     

Novel organic dye employing dithiafulvenyl-substituted arylamine hybrid donor unit for dye-sensitized solar cells

In order to increase electron-donating ability of the donor part of the organic dye, two dithiafulvenyl (DTF) units were introduced into a triphenylamine unit to form dithiafulvenyl-substituted triphenylamine hybrid donor for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) for the first time. Novel donor–acceptor organic dye WD-10 containing this hybrid donor and 2-cyanoacetic acid acceptor has been designed, synthesized and applied in DSSCs. The influence of the substituent unit DTF in the dye on the device performance has been investigated. It was found that the dye with dithiafulvenyl-substituted triphenylamine hybrid donor gave higher photocurrent, open-circuit voltage, and efficiency value. The DSSC based on organic dye WD-10 displayed a short-circuit current (J_sc) of 9.58 mA cm^?2, an open-circuit voltage (V_oc) of 648 mV, and a fill factor (ff) of 0.71, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency of 4.41%. An increase in η of about 79% was obtained from simple triphenylamine dye L0 to WD-10. The different photovoltaic behaviors of the solar cells based on the organic dyes were further elucidated by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This work identifies that the introduction of DTF unit into the simple triphenylamine dye could significant improve the photovoltaic performance.     

Opportunistic Space-Division Multiple Access With Beam Selection

In this paper, a novel transmission technique for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) broadcast channel is proposed that allows simultaneous transmission to multiple users with limited feedback from each user. During a training phase, the base station modulates a training sequence on multiple sets of randomly chosen orthogonal beamforming vectors. Each user sends the index of the best beamforming vector and the corresponding signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio for that set of orthogonal vectors back to the base station. The base station opportunistically determines the users and corresponding orthogonal vectors that maximize the sum capacity. Based on the capacity expressions, the optimal amount of training to maximize the sum capacity is derived as a function of the system parameters. The main advantage of the proposed system is that it provides throughput gains for the MIMO broadcast channel with a small feedback overhead, and provides these gains even with a small number of active users. Numerical simulations show that a 20% gain in sum capacity is achieved (for a small number of users) over conventional opportunistic space division multiple access, and a 100% gain (for a large number of users) over conventional opportunistic beamforming when the number of transmit antennas is four.