一种新型的激光—等离子体辅助化学气相沉积装置的研究

为探索用激光离子体共同辅助化学气相沉积过程以实现室温沉积的可能性，设计并制造了一种新型的ＣＶＤ装置，实际了ＳｉＨ４－ＮＨ３－Ｎ２体系制取Ｓｉ３Ｎ４膜的试验。结果表明，激光和等离子体是可以相互促进，共同辅助ＣＶＤ过程的，且两者均处于较代的能量水平。     

热挤压变形力计算的研究

本文考虑到变形区内切应力非线性分布的特点,采用球坐标系下的平衡微分方程和塑性条件联立求解,得出圆棒热挤压时变形区入口球面上的应力分布方程,然后应用功平衡法导出了圆棒热挤压力的计算公式。     

Biomimetic Robust Starch Composite Films with Super-Hydrophobicity and Vivid Structural Colors

The starch composite films (SCFs) will be one of the best alternative packaging materials to petroleum based plastic films, which mitigates white pollution and energy consumption. However, weak mechanical stability, water resistance, and dyeability has hindered the application of SCFs. Herein, a bioinspired robust SCFs with super-hydrophobicity and excellent structural colors were prepared by fiber-reinforcement and assembling SiO₂/Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) amorphous arrays on the surface of SCFs. The properties of the designed SCFs were investigated by various methods including scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), a tensile test, contact angle (CA) test, and an optical test. The results showed that the obtained SCFs possessed a higher tensile strength (55.17 MPa) attributed to the formed abundant hydrogen bonds between the molecular chains of the starch, cellulose fiber, and polyvinyl alcohol. Benefiting from the nanostructure with rough surface which were modified by materials with low surface free energy, the contact angle and sliding angle of the film reached up to 154° and 2°, respectively. The colors which were produced by the constructive interference of the coherent scattered light could cover all of the visible regions by tuning the diameters of the SiO₂ nanoparticles. The strategy in the present study not only reinforces the mechanical strength and water resistance of SCFs but also provides an environmentally friendly way to color the them, which shows unprecedented application potential in packaging materials of the starch composite films.     

我国有机食品的现状及发展趋势

介绍了有机食品的特点及对人与自然和谐发展的作用,并概述了我国有机食品的发展现状及趋势.     

Energy transfer in and fluorescence studies of the Eu-Tb doped BPA-phen system

To enhance the red emission efficiency of Eu³⁺ complexes, [Eu/Tb_x(BPA)₃phen] (BPA?=?bisphenol A, phen?=?1,10-phenanthroline) is designed and synthesized. The complexes are characterized fully and their luminescence properties are evaluated. Co-fluorescence is detected in the Eu/Tb_x(BPA)₃phen complexes, and the existence of Tb³⁺ enhances the luminescence intensity of the central Eu³⁺ because of the intramolecular energy transfer from the ⁵D₄ level of Tb³⁺ to the ⁵D₀ level of Eu³⁺. The luminescence intensity of europium ions at 615?nm is the highest for Eu/Tb₁(BPA)₃phen. To improve the thermal stabilities and mechanical properties of pure complexes, Eu/Tb₁(BPA)₃phen/PAN (PAN?=?polyacrylonitrile) is used to fabricate fibres by electrospinning. Compared with Eu/Tb₁(BPA)₃phen (τ?=?1.1087?ms), the fibres have a longer fluorescence lifetime of 1.533?ms. The fibres also retain a high quantum yield of 47.16%. Thus, the flexible luminescent fibres have potential applications in many fields.     

Bad-scenario-set robust scheduling for a job shop to hedge against processing time uncertainty

This paper proposed two robust scheduling formulations in real manufacturing systems based on the concept of bad scenario set to hedge against processing time uncertainty, which is described by discrete scenarios. Two proposed robust scheduling formulations are applied to an uncertain job-shop scheduling problem with the makespan as the performance criterion. The united-scenario neighbourhood (UN) structure is constructed based on bad scenario set for the scenario job-shop scheduling problem. A tabu search (TS) algorithm with the UN structure is developed to solve the proposed robust scheduling problem. An extensive experiment was conducted. The computational results show that the first robust scheduling formulation could be preferred to the second one for the discussed problem. It is also verified that the obtained robust solutions could hedge against the processing time uncertainty through decreasing the number of bad scenarios and the degree of performance degradation on bad scenarios. Moreover, the computational results demonstrate that the developed TS algorithm is competitive for the proposed robust scheduling formulations.     

High Phase Purity of Large‐Sized 1T′‐MoS2 Monolayers with 2D Superconductivity

The development of transition metal dichalcogenides has greatly accelerated research in the 2D realm, especially for layered MoS₂. Crucially, the metallic MoS₂ monolayer is an ideal platform in which novel topological electronic states can emerge and also exhibits excellent energy conversion and storage properties. However, as its intrinsic metallic phase, little is known about the nature of 2D 1T′‐MoS₂, probably because of limited phase uniformity (<80%) and lateral size (usually <1 µm) in produced materials. Herein, solution processing to realize high phase‐purity 1T′‐MoS₂ monolayers with large lateral size is demonstrated. Direct chemical exfoliation of millimeter‐sized 1T′ crystal is introduced to successfully produce a high‐yield of 1T′‐MoS₂ monolayers with over 97% phase purity and unprecedentedly large size up to tens of micrometers. Furthermore, the large‐sized and high‐quality 1T′‐MoS₂ nanosheets exhibit clear intrinsic superconductivity among all thicknesses down to monolayer, accompanied by a slow drop of transition temperature from 6.1 to 3.0 K. Prominently, unconventional superconducting behavior with upper critical field far beyond the Pauli limit is observed in the centrosymmetric 1T′‐MoS₂ structure. The results open up an ideal approach to explore the properties of 2D metastable polymorphic materials.     

变厚度透镜注射压缩成型的三维数值模拟

基于有限元法、Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian有限元网格变形法理论及White-Metzner粘弹性本构方程,采用Moldex软件进行了变厚度光学透镜成型的三维仿真分析。模拟表明,压缩阶段的挤压流存在显著三维流动特征,较常规注射,注射压缩能有效地降低注射压力、剪切率与流动残余应力及因此造成的翘曲和光程差。减小压缩速度使压缩阶段浇口压力升高较小、熔体剪切作用减弱;增大压缩距离,可以降低注射压力,减弱剪切作用。实际上这些变量在厚度和距离浇口不同位置的分布不同。