Dynamically modulated intensity interrogation scheme using waveguide coupled surface plasmon resonance sensors

An electro-optically modulated intensity interrogation method based on tunable waveguide coupled surface plasmon resonance sensors has been proposed. It has been theoretically and experimentally demonstrated that the proposed scheme can enable sensitive measurement of measurand variations. By modulating the refractive index in the waveguide layer, this interrogation method yields modulated signal whose amplitude is related to measurand's refractive index. This amplitude modulated signal offers a higher signal to noise ratio and eliminates additive noise in the sensor system. A preliminary investigation using saline buffers with different NaCl concentrations shows a resolution of 2.3 × 10^?6 refractive index unit by our approach. Resolution can be controlled by the amplitude of the applied modulation voltage and can be further enhanced by optimizing the device structure or improving the electro-optical (E-O) coefficient of the E-O material. This approach is simple, stable, and promising for low-cost or multi-channel SPR biosensor applications.     

Influence of Matrices on Oxygen Sensing of Three Sensing Films with Chemically Conjugated Platinum Porphyrin Probes and Preliminary Application for Monitoring of Oxygen Consumption of Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Oxygen sensing films were synthesized by a chemical conjugation of functional platinum porphyrin probes in silica gel, polystyrene (PS), and poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) matrices. Responses of the sensing films to gaseous oxygen and dissolved oxygen were studied and the influence of the matrices on the sensing behaviors was investigated. Silica gel films had the highest fluorescence intensity ratio from deoxygenated to oxygenated environments and the fastest response time to oxygen. PHEMA films had no response to gaseous oxygen, but had greater sensitivity and a faster response time for dissolved oxygen than those of PS films. The influence of matrices on oxygen response, sensitivity and response time was discussed. The influence is most likely attributed to the oxygen diffusion abilities of the matrices. Since the probes were chemically immobilized in the matrices, no leaching of the probes was observed from the sensing films when applied in aqueous environment. One sensing film made from the PHEMA matrix was used to preliminarily monitor the oxygen consumption of Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. E. coli cell density and antibiotics ampicillin concentration dependent oxygen consumption was observed, indicating the potential application of the oxygen sensing film for biological application.     

双边开关磁阻直线电动机的设计

介绍了双边开关磁阻直线电动机(LSRM)的组成、工作原理及其尺寸设计方法,给出了LSRM样机的尺寸设计结果,并采用有限元法分析LSRM磁场分布规律,进行磁场分段计算,从而得到了最大电感、最小电感和相绕组匝数。测试结果表明,该LSRM样机启动力较大且出力不受电流方向影响,但也存在出力有脉动和噪声较大等问题,该问题可通过优化结构设计和控制算法解决。     

基于感应无线的高分辨率位置检测系统研究

为了提高移动机车位置检测精度,提出了一种感应无线位置的检测方法.该方法采用一条独特的编码电缆,利用电磁感应原理,建立了发送线圈与编码电缆之间的信息传输系统,并通过检测感应电动势的相位和幅度,得到移动机车的位置.分析了感应无线检测的原理和方法,推导出了位置检测公式,并进行相关试验.试验结果表明,感应无线位置检测分辨率为2mm,检测精度达到了国际先进水平,可广泛应用于移动机车自动定位中.     

Fault containment in weakly stabilizing systems

Research on fine tuning stabilization properties has received attention for more than a decade. This paper presents probabilistic algorithms for fault containment. We demonstrate two exercises in fault containment in a weakly stabilizing system, which expedite recovery from single failures, and confine the effect of any single fault to the constant-distance neighborhood of the faulty process. The most significant aspect of the algorithms is that the fault gap, defined as the smallest interval after which the system is ready to handle the next single fault with the same efficiency, is independent of the network size. We argue that a small fault gap increases the availability of the fault-free system.     

Piecewise Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Risk Aversion Case in First-Price Sealed-Bid Auction

In the literature, more and more clues show that the bidders indeed tend to risk averse. But as a good structure estimation procedure in first-price sealed-bid auctions, the traditional PPMLE (Piecewise Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood Estimation) approach is only applicable to the risk neutrality case. This study generalizes this approach to the risk aversion case, and obtains a simple estimation procedure for the Pareto family of private costs. In the procedure, the estimation order of distribution parameters of private costs is not important, which is different from the traditional PPMLE method. Though there is no unique estimator for θ ₁ and γ, some guidance is given for real-world applications on the basis of our Monte Carlo simulation experiments. What’s more, this procedure can be reduced further, if one is only interested in estimating the private costs. Extensive simulation experimental results indicate that our approach outperforms or matches at least the traditional one in the case of risk neutrality, and is applicable to the risk aversion case.     

飞思卡尔推出一站式32位工业连接解决方案简化嵌入式开发

<正>嵌入式开发人员面临着用更少资源做更多事情的压力,他们不但要增强性能应用和连通性,而且要降低成本,加快产品上市。为了帮助开发人员成功应对设计     

Evaluation of Landsat 8 OLI imagery for unsupervised inland water extraction

The successful launch of the Landsat 8 satellite continues the Earth observation of the Landsat series, which has been taking place for nearly 40 years. With the increase in the band number and the improved spectral range compared with the previous Landsat imagery, it will be possible to expand the application of the new Landsat 8 imagery. The purpose of this study is to explore water extraction based on the new Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) imagery. According to the specific inland water conditions (clear water, turbid water, and eutrophic water), a number of highly adaptable water indices are assessed for water extraction using Landsat OLI imagery. The results show that clear water is the easiest to extract among the different types of waterbodies, with the highest average accuracy of 97%. The highest-accuracy methods are the automated water extraction index for shadow pixels (AWEI_sh), the normalized difference water index using bands 4 and 7 (NDWI₄₇), and the normalized difference water index using bands 3 and 7 (NDWI₃₇), with accuracies of 98.55%, 95.50%, and 96.61%, corresponding to clear water, turbid water, and eutrophic water, respectively. Through the analysis of the different methods for optimal band selection, the seventh band OLI7 (shortwave infrared 2, SWIR-2) of Landsat OLI shows the best performance in water identification. When applying the water indices to water extraction, Otsu’s algorithm has been used to automatically select the water threshold. Using extensive experiments with Otsu’s algorithm and a manual method, it was found that Otsu’s algorithm can replace manual selection and has the ability to select an accurate threshold for water extraction.     

Topology optimization based on level set for a flexible multibody system modeled via ANCF

A topology optimization methodology is proposed for the flexible multibody system undergoing both large overall motion and large deformation. The system of concern is modeled via the absolute nodal coordinate formulation. The equivalent static load method is employed to transform the topology optimization of the nonlinear dynamic response of the system into a static one, and evaluated to adapt to the absolute nodal coordinate formulation by splitting the elastic deformations of the flexible components from the overall motions of those components. During the static topology optimization, the material interface is implicitly described as the zero level set of a higher-dimensional scalar function. Then, the semi-implicit level set method with the additive operator splitting algorithm is employed to solve the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi partial differential equation. In addition, the expert evaluation method of weights based on the grey theory is utilized to define the objective function, and a modified augmented Lagrange multiplier method is proposed to treat the inequality volume constraint so as to avoid the oscillation and drift of the volume. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to validate the proposed methodology.