HPCS-AM-DAC共聚物的合成及絮凝性能研究

以羟丙基壳聚糖(HPCS)、丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DAC)为原料合成三元高分子共聚物(HPCS-AM-DAC)。采用FTIR、1HNMR、XRD、SEM对其结构和形貌进行了表征。考察了反应温度、引发剂硝酸铈铵用量、单体滴加时间及DAC用量对产物阳离子度及特性黏数的影响。结果表明,在水为25 mL、丙烯酰胺为2 g、HPCS为1 g、反应温度70℃、引发剂用量为1.7%(以HPCS质量为基准,下同)、单体滴加时间为35min、DAC为3.5g的条件下,产物的阳离子度和特性黏数均达到较佳值,分别为63.01%和468.81mL/g。采用壳聚糖(CTS)、HPCS、HPCS-AM-DAC及市售阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)对高岭土模拟废水进行絮凝实验,考察了絮凝体系pH、不同絮凝产品投加量对浊度去除率的影响。结果表明,在浊度为200NTU的高岭土模拟废水中,HPCS-AM-DAC絮凝的适宜pH为2～6,适宜投加量为2～5 mg/L,在该条件下浊度去除率均在96%以上。     

Synthesis of water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes by RAFT polymerization

Water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were synthesized by grafting poly(acrylamide) (PAM) from the surface of SWNT via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The RAFT agents were covalently attached to the SWNTs by functionalizing SWNTs with in situ generated diazonium compounds. The product was characterized by means of FT-IR, Raman, ¹H NMR, TGA and TEM. The results showed that PAM chains had successfully grafted from SWNT by RAFT polymerization. The amount of PAM grown from SWNT increased with the polymerization time. The acrylamide conversion increased linearly with the polymerization time, indicating the “living” characteristics of the RAFT polymerization. TEM was utilized to image PAM-g-SWNT, showing relatively uniform polymer coatings present on the surface of individual, debundled nanotubes.     

马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯研究进展

介绍了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯的方法、机理,并重点介绍了溶液法和共单体熔融法影响接枝率的因素。     

Anodic dissolution of spongy titanium in ethanol solution for preparation of nano-sized TiO2 powder

Nano-sized TiO₂ powder was prepared by electrochemical dissolution of spongy titanium in an ethanol solution following direct hydrolysis of the electrolyte solution. Characterization of the electrochemical product revealed that Ti(OEt)₄ was formed by anodic dissolution of spongy titanium in ethanol solution. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope were, respectively, used to investigate the structure of TiO₂. This study showed that nano-sized TiO₂ prepared by this method has a structural and thermal stability with a narrow size distribution of 5-10 nm. The optimum electrochemical operating conditions established were a temperature of 333-343 K, current density of 400 A m⁻² and faradaic efficiency of 86%. Experiments showed that this process might be recommended as a promising technique for synthesis of nano-sized powder.     

三轴光纤陀螺测控装置

光纤陀螺测控装备主要是检测陀螺的性能指标,保障陀螺的精确度和稳定性.论文介绍了一套三轴光纤陀螺测控装置,采用美国NI公司生产的计数器卡和多功能数据采集卡以及研华公司的工控机搭建硬件平台,采用LabVIEW编程语言实现软件部分的测试功能.三轴光纤陀螺测控装置通过主控计算机对三轴转台的运动模式进行控制,给被测三轴光纤陀螺提供所需的电源和时钟信号,同时对产品27V供电电压和电流进行实时监测和保护,并对产品的六路输入、输出信号进行隔离、调理,通过设定的测试程序自动采集并存储,然后对测试数据进行建模和计算,获得被测产品的各项性能参数.从而实现了三轴光纤陀螺的性能指标测试,具有良好的可视化人机交互界面.     

一种分离纯化天然药物紫杉醇的新方法

A pharmacological interaction target(PFI)method for solving the difficult problem in the separation of taxol from cephalonmanin was proposed.A two-phase extraction technique was used to carry out the PIT separation process.The effects of buffer,temperature and protein on the separation were investigated.Feasible disassembly conditions were also discussed.The final purity of taxol can reach 95% or higher.     

一种基于蚁群算法的震区环境监测系统设计

针对目前震区生态恢复、环境保护监测的需要,论文提出了一种基于蚁群算法的震区监测系统,利用智能无线传感器网络对光强、温度、湿度等生态环境变量进行监测的方法.该方法解决了传统监测方法中布线复杂、精度有限、能耗高等问题,具有数据采集量大,精度高、低功耗和可靠性高等优点.     

包裹法国红色料在陶瓷领域应用的探索

探索包裹法国红色料在建筑陶瓷工业釉料、坯体中应用的工艺技术条件，采用正交实验方法找出包裹法国红色料在陶瓷釉料、外墙砖、地砖中的最佳发色条件：在釉料中一价的钾、钠离子特别利于该色料的发色；二价离子钡较好、钙次之、镁最差；法国红色料在普通熔块中发色不理想，在特制的熔块中发色良好。     

Melting,crystallization behaviors,and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PET/PTT/PBT ternary blends

The melting, crystallization behaviors, and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of the ternary blends composed of poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) and poly(buthylene terephthalate) (PBT) were studied with differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). PBT content in all ternary blends was settled invariably to be one‐third, which improved the melt‐crystallization temperature of the ternary blends. All of the blend compositions in amorphous state were miscible as evidenced by a single, composition‐dependent glass transition temperature (T_g) observed in DSC curves. DSC melting thermograms of different blends showed different multiple melting and crystallization peaks because of their various polymer contents. During melt‐crystallization process, three components in blends crystallized simultaneously to form mixed crystals or separated crystals depending upon their content ratio. The Avrami equation modified by Jeziorny and the Ozawa theory were employed to describe the nonisothermal crystallization process of two selected ternary blends. The results spoke that the Avrami equation was successful in describing the nonisothermal crystallization process of the ternary blends. The values of the t_1/2 and the parameters Z_c showed that the crystallization rate of the ternary blends with more poly(ethylene terephthalate) content was faster than that with the lesser one at a given cooling rate. The crystal morphology of the five ternary blends investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM) showed different size and distortional Maltese crosses or light spots when the PTT or poly(ethylene terephthalate) component varied, suggesting that the more the PTT content, the larger crystallites formed in ternary blends. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

无线传感器网络中移动目标跟踪的预测模型

动态目标的实时监测是无线传感器网络覆盖的必备技术和发展趋势,针对由于目标运动带来的网络动态拓扑变化和耗能高等问题,提出了一个预测模型。该模型通过综合分析目标在当前时刻前的信息如移动速度、移动方向的基础上,基于二维高斯分布,预测目标未来可能出现的区域,从而激活相应的传感器,减轻无线传感器网络的工作压力。并且设计相应的通讯协议,以保证基站与传感器节点之间数据稳定、实时的传输。基于仿真实验表明了该方法的有效性和可行性。