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31.
32.
A theoretical model is presented to describe the effect of ion beam bombardment rate on the formation of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) films. The critical ion energy, Ec, corresponding to a 50% sp3 content in the films, is found to be dependent on both the effective thermal resistance and the ion beam bombardment rate. In the model, the ‘window’ width in the ion energy scale for the formation of ta-C material increases with decreasing deposition rate and with a reduction in the effective thermal resistance, until limited by lower and upper boundary thresholds. Experimental data are reproduced by the model. The plasmon energy, which correlates with sp3 fraction, is found experimentally of be higher for lower deposition rate and smaller effective thermal resistance. Data points for high sp3 content ta-C films deposited on silicon substrates at room temperature occupy a region in the ion energy-deposition rate (E-r) diagram similar to that predicated from the theory. 相似文献
33.
本文研究了经济分析基本方法之一最优等效替代法的实质,系统地导出了被评价方案的绝对经济指标与相对经济指标的关系,并结合典型案例分析指出了该方法的应用条件,对正确进行建设项目的经济评价具有现实意义。 相似文献
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35.
本文以吸湿睛纶、双层纤维,中空纤维,酚醛纤维和阻燃纤维等特种人造纤维为研究对象,用扫描电子显微镜观察和研究了它们各自的微观形态,结构特点和性能。提出了一些认识,以便为纺织业和印染业的生产工艺提供可靠的科学依据。 相似文献
36.
一、2006年水政工作成绩显著
2006年是我国经济社会全面发展的一年.也是水利工作全面推进的一年。水政工作作为水利的重要组成部分,2006年我国依法治水进程加快.水政工作成绩突出,为推进可持续发展水利提供了有力的法制保障。 相似文献
37.
Ying Bai Yanfeng Yin Na Liu Bingkun Guo Hongjun Shi Jianyong Liu Zhaoxiang Wang Liquan Chen 《Journal of power sources》2007
As the continuance of our series study on LiCoO2 surface modification, the complicated traditional surface coating method is replaced with simple addition of amorphous YPO4 and Al2O3 in commercial LiCoO2 or in commercial electrolyte based on our understanding to the improvement mechanism of surface modification. Comprehensive studies by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC–MS), inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) indicate that the products of spontaneous reaction between the additive and the LiPF6 based electrolyte are responsible for the performance improvements. 相似文献
38.
P. C. Wang Z. L. Chen X. M. He L. W. Yin S. L. Wen X. Y. Song 《Ferroelectrics Letters Section》1985,4(2):47-51
The microscopic structures of PLZT(7.9/70/30 and x/65/35, x = 7 or 8) ceramics were studied by means of transmission electron microscopy. The presence of micro-regions in PLZTs was first verfied. 相似文献
39.
Forty-three patients with spastic quadriplegia (mean age 7.9 years, range 3.3 to 17.2 years) underwent bone mineral density (BMD) measurement of the lumbar spine and were evaluated between 2.6 and 5.5 years (mean 3.8) later to determine whether this measurement had predicted risk of fracture over the subsequent period of observation. Other potential risk factors that were evaluated include body weight z score, serum vitamin D levels, previous fracture, and hip spica casting. The baseline measurements showed that BMD falls further below normal with increasing age and was more than one standard deviation below age-matched normal mean in 38 of the 43 patients. Fracture rate did not differ between those with low and those with very low spinal BMD. Similarly, serum vitamin D levels and body weight z scores were not predictive of fracture. However, fracture rate was over fourfold greater following spica casting and more than threefold greater following an initial fracture. Fracture rates in the study group were similar to those reported for age- and sex-matched normal children, though generally the location of the fractures and mechanisms of injury differed. 相似文献
40.
The results of detailed measurements and calculations of the properties of Sydney University/Nitto Kohki evacuated collector tubes have been used to develop a formula for the instantaneous heat extraction efficiency η of a collector panel incorporating the evacuated tubes. The instantaneous efficiency depends on ambient temperature, mean fluid temperature in the collector, solar flux and the design of the manifold used to extract heat from the glass absorber tubes. Manifold design determines the mean temperature difference between absorber tube surface and mean fluid temperature for given operating conditions, and strongly affects the efficiency η of a collector panel. Neither changes in the number of evacuated tubes per unit area of collector, nor variations in solar flux, significantly alter the efficiency decrement Δ η0 associated with a particular manifold design. Calculated efficiencies agree well with experimental results for collector panels incorporating manifolds of various designs. The formula for efficiency η allows detailed analysis of the relative importance of various energy loss mechanisms in a collector. 相似文献