基于混合总线的地面情报雷达自动测试设备设计

随着科学技术的不断发展,军事电子产品的生产和测试对自动测试技术提出了越来越高的要求。工作方式灵活、功能齐全的自动测试设备成为了军事电子产品生产和科研的必需设备。本文重点讨论了基于混合总线的自动测试设备架构设计,并叙述了关键技术的设计与实现。     

对往复式压缩机故障的危害探究

往复式压缩机作为工业生产的重要设备有着无可替代的价值。是生产生活必不可少的重要器械。作为最常见的一种压缩机,其故障的危害性不容忽视。本文正是从此出发,分析讨论往复式压缩机重要部件与循环系统的故障对压缩机的影响。     

High SNR sum capacity analysis of BD MIMO BC systems with imperfect CSI

We investigate the sum capacity of Block Diagonalization precoding Multiple Input Multiple Output Broadcast Channels (BD MIMO BC) with imperfect Channel State Information (CSI) at the base station. Since it is difficult to obtain the exact expression, a lower and an upper bounds of the sum capacity under Gaussian channel estimation errors are drived instead. Analyses show that the gap between two bounds is considerably tight at all Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) region. From the lower bound of the sum capacity, we can see that the multiplexing gain tends to be zero at high SNR region, which indicates that the BD MIMO BC system with channel estimation errors is interference-limited at high SNR.     

Direct View on the Origin of High Li+ Transfer Impedance in All-Solid-State Battery

Large interfacial resistance plays a dominant role in the performance of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. However, the mechanism of interfacial resistance has been under debate. Here, the Li⁺ transport at the interfacial region is investigated to reveal the origin of the high Li⁺ transfer impedance in a LiCoO₂(LCO)/LiPON/Pt all-solid-state battery. Both an unexpected nanocrystalline layer and a structurally disordered transition layer are discovered to be inherent to the LCO/LiPON interface. Under electrochemical conditions, the nanocrystalline layer with insufficient electrochemical stability leads to the introduction of voids during electrochemical cycles, which is the origin of the high Li⁺ transfer impedance at solid electrolyte-electrode interfaces. In addition, at relatively low temperatures, the oxygen vacancies migration in the transition layer results in the formation of Co₃O₄ nanocrystalline layer with nanovoids, which contributes to the high Li⁺ transfer impedance. This work sheds light on the mechanism for the high interfacial resistance and promotes overcoming the interfacial issues in all-solid-state batteries.     

Matrix Manipulation of Directly-Synthesized PbS Quantum Dot Inks Enabled by Coordination Engineering

The direct-synthesis of conductive PbS quantum dot (QD) ink is facile, scalable, and low-cost, boosting the future commercialization of optoelectronics based on colloidal QDs. However, manipulating the QD matrix structures still is a challenge, which limits the corresponding QD solar cell performance. Here, for the first time a coordination-engineering strategy to finely adjust the matrix thickness around the QDs is presented, in which halogen salts are introduced into the reaction to convert the excessive insulating lead iodide into soluble iodoplumbate species. As a result, the obtained QD film exhibits shrunk insulating shells, leading to higher charge carrier transport and superior surface passivation compared to the control devices. A significantly improved power-conversion efficiency from 10.52% to 12.12% can be achieved after the matrix engineering. Therefore, the work shows high significance in promoting the practical application of directly synthesized PbS QD inks in large-area low-cost optoelectronic devices.     

Brine Refrigerants for Low-cost,Safe Aqueous Supercapacitors with Ultra-long Stable Operation at Low Temperatures

Traditional aqueous energy storage devices are difficult to operate at low temperatures owing to the poor ionic conductivity and sluggish interfacial dynamics in frozen electrolytes. Herein, the low-cost brine refrigerants for food freezing and preservation as electrolytes, and unexpectedly realize high ionic conductivity and stable operation of an aqueous storage device at low temperatures are demonstrated. A CaCl₂ brine refrigerant electrolyte (BRE) with a low freezing point −55 °C and high ionic conductivity (10.1 mS cm⁻¹ at −50 °C) is developed for supercapacitors (SCs), which retains 80% of the room temperature capacity at −50 °C and exhibits ultra-long cycle life with excellent capacity retention of 92% over 98,500 cycles, outperforming the other SCs which can be operated below −40 °C in literature. Moreover, the SCs with MgCl₂ and NaCl BREs can also be operated successfully with excellent cycle stability and high-capacity retention at low temperatures of −30 and −20 °C, respectively. Fundamental correlation between various cations and their effect on the freezing point reduction of aqueous electrolytes is revealed via Raman investigation and molecular dynamics simulations. This study provides a rational design strategy for green, inexpensive, and safe low-temperature aqueous electrolytes for energy storage devices.     

发光二极管负电容与角频率的关系

利用正向交流(AC)小信号方法对发光二极管(LED)的电容-电压特性进行测量,可以观察到发光二极管中的负电容现象.提出了测量到的负电容现象是表象,不存在负电容;发光二极管p-n结的结电容在特定的正向电压范围内等效于可变电容.分析可变电容对交流小信号响应得到:特定参数的可变电容使电流的相位移相π,使得在测量中表现为负电容;得到了发光二极管负电容与角频率的关系表达式.     

对相参体制雷达的干扰有效利用系数分析

全相参雷达通过复杂的信号处理获得相当高的信噪比增益而提高抗干扰能力，是影响干扰功率到达雷达系统（终端）端内的主要障碍。文章建立了干扰有效利用模型，分析推导了对相参体制雷达干扰的干扰功率有效利用系数，从而给干扰全相参雷达干扰效果在功率因素上给出了一种新的度量方法。在讨论了干扰信号损失的基础上，对模型进行了修正。通过仿真分析了干扰功率有效利用系数与模型中主要参数的关系，并给出了结论。     

Wavelet-based approach to character skeleton.

Character skeleton plays a significant role in character recognition. The strokes of a character may consist of two regions, i.e., singular and regular regions. The intersections and junctions of the strokes belong to singular region, while the straight and smooth parts of the strokes are categorized to regular region. Therefore, a skeletonization method requires two different processes to treat the skeletons in theses two different regions. All traditional skeletonization algorithms are based on the symmetry analysis technique. The major problems of these methods are as follows. 1) The computation of the primary skeleton in the regular region is indirect, so that its implementation is sophisticated and costly. 2) The extracted skeleton cannot be exactly located on the central line of the stroke. 3) The captured skeleton in the singular region may be distorted by artifacts and branches. To overcome these problems, a novel scheme of extracting the skeleton of character based on wavelet transform is presented in this paper. This scheme consists of two main steps, namely: a) extraction of primary skeleton in the regular region and b) amendment processing of the primary skeletons and connection of them in the singular region. A direct technique is used in the first step, where a new wavelet-based symmetry analysis is developed for finding the central line of the stroke directly. A novel method called smooth interpolation is designed in the second step, where a smooth operation is applied to the primary skeleton, and, thereafter, the interpolation compensation technique is proposed to link the primary skeleton, so that the skeleton in the singular region can be produced. Experiments are conducted and positive results are achieved, which show that the proposed skeletonization scheme is applicable to not only binary image but also gray-level image, and the skeleton is robust against noise and affine transform.     

Exploring a Stable and Dense 3D Lead Chloride Hybrid with Emission of Self-Trapped Excitons toward X-Ray Scintillation

The exceptional photophysical properties of 3D organic–inorganic lead halide hybrids (OILHs) endow their significant potential for usage in optoelectronics, which has sparked intense research on novel 3D OILHs and associated applications. However, constructing new 3D OILHs based on large organic cations suffers from tough challenges due to the limitation of the Goldschmidt tolerance factor rule, let alone further explorations of their practical applications. Herein, a brand-new 3D lead chloride hybrid, (1MPZ)Pb₄Cl₁₀·H₂O ( 1 , 1MPZ = 1-methylpiperazine) is reported, featuring a dense 3D lead chloride framework made of the corner-, edge-, and face-shared lead chloride polyhedra. 1 presents a broadband white light emission with a large Stokes shift and a nanosecond photoluminescence lifetime, which originates from radiative recombination of self-trapped excitons (STEs) induced by the highly distorted structure. Such a reabsorption-free and fast-decayed STEs emission coupling with the dense 3D architecture further enables 1 with effective X-ray scintillation with good sensitivity. Impressively, 1 also shows superior environmental and radiation stability. This study provides a new 3D OILH with appealing luminescence, not only expanding the 3D OILH family but also inspiring the exploitation of their optoelectronic applications.