消泡剂在发酵工业中的应用

泡沫问题是发酵工业中一个棘手的问题,几乎所用的液体深层发酵都会用到天然或者化学消泡剂。在过去的发酵过程中,泡沫控制一般是依靠经验,关于消泡剂的系统知识较少。本文综述了发酵工业中消泡剂的种类和作用机制,以及消泡剂的应用进展。     

Electrochemical investigation of La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 synthesized in air for SOFC application

Journal of Applied Electrochemistry - La-doped titanate materials have been widely investigated as alternative Ni-free anodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In this study, La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 (LST)...     

SiCw/Al复合材料力学性能分散性

金属基复合材料力学性能分散性影响其性能评价和广泛应用.本文研究了测量方法和组织缺陷对SiCw/Al复合材料力学性能统计分布规律的影响.结果表明,复合材料的弹性模量、强度和延伸率等性能均存在分散性,高性能数据出现频率最高,向低的性能值分散.弹性模量分散性受测量方法影响很大,直线段扩大法可以减小性能分散范围.强度和延伸率性能高的试样中发现夹铝区或未浸渗区等缺陷的概率远低于低性能试样,微观缺陷是造成强度和延伸率向低值方向分散的主要原因.为此减少组织缺陷并合理选择实验方法对复合材料的性能评价和应用是必要的.     

Fuzzy adaptive networks in machining process modeling: surface roughness prediction for turning operations

Due to the complexity of the machine tool structure and the cutting process, the dynamics of machining processes are still not completely understood. This is especially true due to the demand of high-speed machining to increase productivity. In order to model and control these complex processes, new approaches, which can represent complex phenomenon combined with learning ability, are needed. The combined neural–fuzzy approach appears to be ideally suited for this purpose. In this paper, the recently developed fuzzy adaptive network (FAN) is used to model surface roughness in turning operations. The FAN network has both the learning ability of neural network and linguistic representation of complex, not well-understood, vague phenomenon. Furthermore, it can continuously improve the initially obtained rough model based on the daily operating data. To illustrate this approach, a model representing the influences of machining parameters on surface roughness is established and then the model is verified by the use of the results of pilot experiments. Finally, a comparison with the results based on statistical regression is provided.     

Camouflage texture evaluation using a saliency map

Multimedia Systems - Camouflage effect evaluation and examination is an important procedure in digital camouflage pattern design as it is helpful in improving the objectivity and effectiveness...     

Recover Fault Services via Complex Service-to-Node Mappings in Wireless Sensor Networks

With the motivation of seamlessly extending wireless sensor networks to the external environment, service-oriented architecture comes up as a promising solution. However, as sensor nodes are failure prone, this consequently renders the whole wireless sensor network to seriously faulty. When a particular node is faulty, the service on it should be migrated into those substitute sensor nodes that are in a normal status. Currently, two kinds of approaches exist to identify the substitute sensor nodes: the most common approach is to prepare redundancy nodes, though the involved tasks such as maintaining redundancy nodes, i.e., relocating the new node, lead to an extra burden on the wireless sensor networks. More recently, other approaches without using redundancy nodes are emerging, and they merely select the substitute nodes in a sensor node’s perspective i.e., migrating the service of faulty node to it’s nearest sensor node, though usually neglecting the requirements of the application level. Even a few work consider the need of the application level, they perform at packets granularity and don’t fit well at service granularity. In this paper, we aim to remove these limitations in the wireless sensor network with the service-oriented architecture. Instead of deploying redundancy nodes, the proposed mechanism replaces the faulty sensor node with consideration of the similarity on the application level, as well as on the sensor level. On the application level, we apply the Bloom Filter for its high efficiency and low space costs. While on the sensor level, we design an objective solution via the coefficient of a variation as an evaluation for choosing the substitute on the sensor level.     

Extension of the gap statistics index to fuzzy clustering

The well-known gap statistic index proposed by Tibshirani et al. has successfully applied in many clustering evaluations. However, the gap statistic index cannot evaluate the clustering partitions from any fuzzy clustering algorithm. This is because fuzzy clustering cannot provide the within-cluster similarity measure that is used in the gas statistic index. Thus, the applicable range of the gap statistic index is very limited. In this paper, we present a new method that extends the gap statistic index to fuzzy clustering by using fuzzy membership notations. Our proposed method can extend the applicability of the gap statistic index, and outperform other existing fuzzy indices in several aspects. Experiments on eight sets of synthetic and real datasets are used to verify the applicability and efficiency of the proposed method.     

Stabilization of One‐Dimensional Schrödinger Equation with Variable Coefficient under Delayed Boundary Output Feedback

This article considers stabilization of a one‐dimensional Schrödinger equation with variable coefficient and boundary observation which suffers from an arbitrary given time delay. We design an observer and predictor to stabilize the system. The state is estimated in the time span where the observation is available, and also predicted in the time interval where the observation is not available. It is shown that the estimated state feedback stabilizes the system exponentially. A numerical simulation is presented to illustrate the effect of the stabilizing controller.     

高压切割喷嘴冲击磨损的数值分析

以复用矿井含煤颗粒的水对高压切割喷嘴的磨损物理问题为研究对象,采用计算流体力学理论进行数值计算,分析讨论了质量浓度为10、15、20、25、30、40 mg/L条件下速度、剪应力、磨损的分布以及变化关系。计算、分析结果表明:磨损主要发生在出口部位和锥体的后半部份,入口部份和锥体前半部份磨损较小;入口部位、锥体部位磨损量、剪应力随质量浓度增加变化较小;出口部位磨损量在质量浓度为10～20 mg/L减小较快,超过20 mg/L后变化不大;出口部位流体速度、磨损量、剪应力与质量浓度间存在对应关系。煤粒入口速度与混合物速度相同、锥体部位煤粒流体速度低于锥体部位混合物速度(平均值)约79.4%;煤粒出口部位速度随质量浓度的增大而呈现先增加后减小的趋势,速度最大值发生在浓度20 mg/L。