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31.
A novel series of temperature‐sensitive poly[(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐co‐(ethyl methacrylate)] (p(NIPAM‐co‐EMA)) microgels was prepared by the surfactant‐free radical polymerization of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) with ethyl methacrylate (EMA). The shape, size dispersity and volume‐phase transition behavior of the microgels were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The transmission electron micrographs and DLS results showed that microgels with narrow distributions were prepared. It was shown from UV–Vis, DLS and DSC measurements that the volume‐phase transition temperature (VPTT) of the p(NIPAM‐co‐EMA) microgels decreased with increasing incorporation of EMA, but the temperature‐sensitivity was impaired when more EMA was incorporated, causing the volume‐phase transition of the microgels to become more continuous. It is noteworthy that incorporation of moderate amounts of EMA could not only lower the VPTT but also enhance the temperature‐sensitivity of the microgels. The reason for this phenomenon could be attributed to changes in the complicated interactions between the various molecules. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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34.
L. B. Getsov A. Ya. Madorskii N. N. Mozzhukhina A. G. Tereshchenko E. E. Yushchenkov 《Strength of Materials》1989,21(1):92-98
Leningrad. Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 1, pp. 71–76, January, 1989. 相似文献
35.
36.
Xue‐Bing Zhao Lei Wang De‐Hua Liu 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(6):950-956
Previous work has shown that the enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse could be greatly enhanced by peracetic acid (PAA) pretreatment. There are several factors affecting the enzymatic digestibility of the biomass, including lignin and hemicelluloses content, cellulose crystallinity, acetyl group content, accessible surface area and so on. The objective of this work is to analyze the mechanism of the enhancement of enzymatic digestibility caused by PAA pretreatment. Delignification resulted in an increase of the surface area and reduction of the irreversible absorption of cellulase, which helped to increase the enzymatic digestibility. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum showed that the absorption peaks of aromatic skeletal vibrations were weakened or disappeared after PAA pretreatment. However, the infrared crystallization index (N.O'KI) was increased. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that the crystallinity of PAA‐treated samples was increased owing to the partial removal of amorphous lignin and hemicelluloses and probable physical change of cellulose. The effect of acetyl group content on enzymatic digestibility is negligible compared with the degree of delignification and crystallinity. The results indicate that enhancement of enzymatic digestibility of sugarcane bagasse by PAA pretreatment is achieved mainly by delignification and an increase in the surface area and exposure of cellulose fibers. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
37.
V. Ya. Sakulin V. P. Migal’ A. P. Margishvili V. V. Bulin 《Refractories and Industrial Ceramics》2008,49(5):354-358
A range of refractories is presented for handling steel outside a furnace, which are produced by the Borovichi Refractories
Corporation. The refractory characteristics and working features are given.
Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 9, pp. 29–35, September, 2008. 相似文献
38.
L. M. Aksel’rod V. I. Rumyantsev N. Yu. Korableva N. V. Belykh Ya. G. Dyatlova 《Refractories and Industrial Ceramics》2008,49(2):116-119
Technology is developed for preparing refractory components made of partially stabilized zirconium dioxide using an isostatic
compaction press. Technology is provided for manufacturing dispensing nozzles using combined and separately stabilized zirconium
dioxide, and also indices of the refractories obtained and imported materials are compared.
__________
Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 3, pp. 127–131, March 2008. 相似文献
39.
Nguyen An Tien I. Ya. Mittova O. V. Almjasheva S. A. Kirillova V. V. Gusarov 《Glass Physics and Chemistry》2008,34(6):756-761
Nanocrystalline LaFeO3 is prepared by the dehydration of coprecipitated lanthanum and iron(III) hydroxides. It is shown that the behavior of the samples during heating and the size distribution of LaFeO3 nanocrystals can be considerably different depending on the scheme used for coprecipitation of lanthanum and iron hydroxides; independently of the method employed for coprecipitation of the initial compounds, sintering of the samples at 950°C leads to the formation of lanthanum orthoferrite crystals up to 100 nm in size. 相似文献
40.
V. A. Mozhzherin V. Ya. Sakulin V. P. Migal’ A. P. Margishvili A. A. Konstantinov 《Refractories and Industrial Ceramics》2008,49(4):245-250
In the OAO Borovich Refractory Combine production has been assimilated for a complete set of refractories for continuous steel
casting, i.e. from a pipe for protecting a stream of metal to a submerged nozzle. In technical and life characteristics the
products correspond to that of world analogs, they provide accident free steel pouring, make it possible to reduce the specific
consumption of refractories per ton of steel, to increase CBCM productivity, to reduce billet scrap, and to reduce steel cost.
Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 4–9, August 2008. 相似文献