ICP—OES法测定钛合金中A1元素含量的不确定度评定

将钛合金样品用10mL1：1硫酸溶解后,用ICP—OES法对其中A1元素含量进行测定,测得样品中W（A1）=6．91％。对测定过程中的不确定度来源进行了分析,依据不确定度评定的步骤,计算得到了各分量标准不确定度及合成标准不确定度,W（A1）测定结果的扩展不确定度为U=0．17％,K=2。     

Synthesis of chemically controllable and electrically tunable graphene films by simultaneously fluorinating and reducing graphene oxide

Fluorine and oxygen co-doped graphene with controllable element coverage was effectively synthesized through simultaneously fluorinating and reducing graphene oxide by pyrolysis of fluorinated graphite. Morphology investigation indicates that the doped graphene is of few-layered thickness, and the prepared films exhibit layered structure through cross-section. Chemical composition analysis confirms that fluorine has been grafted onto graphene scaffold through CF covalent bond, and the doping level can be readily manipulated just by adjusting the reaction temperature. The structural changes of graphene induced by the controllable doping thus facilitate the tunable electrical property, which can be tuned over several orders of magnitude. These results indicate our method is not only potentially useful to tailor the chemical surface and electronic structure of graphene, but also can find applications in novel electronic devices based on graphene co-doped with different dopants.     

Electrically conductive aluminosilicate/graphene nanocomposite

Highly electrically conductive ceramic material based on aluminosilicate/graphene nanocomposite has been prepared by high pressure (400 MPa) compaction of montmorillonite intercalated with polyaniline followed with the high temperature (1400 °C) treatment in argon atmosphere. Tablets pressed from polyaniline/montmorillonite intercalate exhibits strong texture due to the disk-shaped montmorillonite particles and, consequently, the high anisotropy in conductivity. The high temperature induced phase transformation of montmorillonite into cristobalite and mullite preserved the aluminosilicate layered structure and created good conditions for formation of graphene sheets from polyaniline layers intercalated in montmorillonite. Therefore, the texture and anisotropy in conductivity remain preserved in resulting aluminosilicate/graphene tablets, while the in-plane conductivity in aluminosilicate/graphene tablets is 23,000× higher than the conductivity of uncalcined polyaniline/montmorillonite tablets. Simple fabrication method of aluminosilicate/graphene tablets is very promising for the manufacturing of the electrically conductive and tough ceramic material, which can be exposed to corrosive environment as well as to high temperatures.     

材料前沿测试表征技术及其在船舶材料领域的应用展望

材料测试表征技术是了解材料宏观和微观特征、剖析材料科学问题、进行材料应用评价的基础,测试表征技术的发展极大地加速了材料科学重大发现和重要理论创新的进程,密切跟踪测试表征技术前沿动态并尝试在科研生产中加以运用是材料研究的主要创新途径。通过了解材料基础研究和工程应用所关注的关键性能特征(如力学性能、化学成分、微观特征、疲劳性能、腐蚀性能等)的测试表征技术的发展现状,并分析前沿测试表征技术在船舶材料中的应用前景,为船舶领域的材料研制和工程应用研究提供参考。     

Transdermal Delivery of Indirubin-Loaded Microemulsion Gel: Preparation,Characterization and Anti-Psoriatic Activity

Psoriasis is an immune disease caused by rapid and incomplete differentiation of skin basal cells. Natural products such as indirubin have historically served as excellent sources for the treatments of psoriasis. However, the poor solubility and bioavailability due to its plane and rigid crystal structure, which limits its efficacy. Herein, to improve the efficacy of indirubin, a hydrogel-based microemulsion drug delivery system was developed for transdermal delivery. The mean droplet size of the optimized microemulsion was 84.37 nm, with a polydispersity index (PDI) less than 0.2 and zeta potential value of 0~−20 mV. The transdermal flux and skin retention of indirubin at 24 h were 47.34 ± 3.59 μg/cm² and 8.77 ± 1.26 μg/cm², respectively. The optimized microemulsion was dispersed in carbomer 934 hydrogel to increase the consistency. The indirubin-loaded microemulsion gel was tested on an imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model. Results showed that this preparation can improve psoriasis symptoms by down-regulating the expression of IL-17A, Ki67, and CD4⁺T. This experiment provides great scalability for researchers to treat psoriasis, avoid first-pass effects, and increase the concentration of targeted drugs.     

厚壁圆筒热冲击作用下的应力场

针对热冲击的瞬时特性,在运用Laplace变换求解厚壁圆筒内部受热冲击作用温度场的基础上,求解了圆筒的热应力响应,探讨了热应力随时间变化和随圆筒内外径比变化的规律,为研究管式反应器减小热冲击损伤提供了理论参考.     

玄武岩纤维筋的力学特性与破坏模式试验研究

玄武岩纤维筋预应力锚索的主体受力构件为BFRP筋,对BFRP筋的力学性质和破坏模式进行研究,可为BFRP筋预应力锚索在不同岩土工程对象中的应用提供参考和技术指导。研究表明：BFRP筋是一种典型的线弹性材料,极限荷载张拉破坏前筋材只存在线性应变,张拉过程中由于纵向拉伸下筋材环氧树脂基体传递剪力滞后使得BFRP筋具有自断口向两端发展的“灯笼状”破坏模式,极限荷载作用下BFRP筋聚集的弹性能瞬间释放,筋材发生脆性破坏,破坏前无明显征兆;相比于表面未粘砂的BFRP筋,表面粘砂的BFRP筋由于砂粒占据了筋材表面一定空间,导致其环氧树脂基体对玄武岩纤维的包裹程度降低,造成表面粘砂的BFRP筋强度稍低于表面未粘砂的BFRP筋。总的来看,尽管BFRP筋的抗拉强度较高,但其变形能力和抗剪切能力较弱,破坏前不存在屈服变形,单一手段的BFRP筋预应力锚索在动载或大变形能力的岩土锚固工程中适用性较差。     

Electrosynthesis of poly-2,5-pyridine promoted by nickel complexes

A nickel-catalysed electrochemical method for the synthesis of poly-2,5-pyridine is suggested. It is based on the reduction of 2,5-dibromopyridine carried out by generating electrochemically and continuously recycling nickel(0) from nickel(II) in the presence of both bipyridyl and triphenyl-phosphine. The simultaneous presence of these ligands is required to avoid the abstraction of the nickel promoter from the electrocatalytic cycle, thus allowing a very satisfactory yield (89%) to be achieved. Bipyridyl is in fact a ligand suitable for binding the metal in the 2+ oxidation state, so that it is able to compete with the nitrogen-coordination sites present in the polymer originated in the process, thus maintaining nickel(II) in the solution, while triphenylphosphine is able to stabilize nickel(0), thus preventing side reactions of this very reactive species with the solvent. The conductivity of poly-2,5-pyridine after doping has also been tested. Doping with electron-acceptor species such as iodine or bromine leads to charge-transfer complexes displaying semiconducting properties, while n-doping with sodium naphthalenide causes a larger increase in the electrical conductivity, which suggests that a conducting material is obtained.     

氢化物发生电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定钢中微量砷

该文研究氢化物发生-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定非合金钢(碳素钢)和低合金钢中微量砷的分析方法,考察高频功率、雾化压力、辅助气流量、泵速等仪器工作条件与消解用酸及用量、硼氢化钠浓度对光谱强度的影响,并讨论王水、铁基体、共存离子对测定结果的背景干扰与消除方法.确定的最佳工作条件为:高频功率为1350 W,雾化压力为22...