程序:物理对象上的操作表达式(英文)

把赋值语句看作物理对象上的操作时,程序就呈现为物理对象上的操作构成的表达式(简称O表达式)。给出了定义O表达式语法的BNF公式,并用公理规定O表达式的语义。主动式的O表达式以计算最终结果为目的,因而相关公理给出的是施行表达式中操作以后的变量与施行之前变量之间的准确依赖关系。反应式O表达式要对外来需求作反应。描述反应的公理规定如何反应。有关通讯的公理要求正确的信息被正确的接受者收到。共享变量公理则给出有关共享变量的性质判断。例子用于说明异步顺序O表达式的性质是如何分析的。     

Consensus protocols for discrete-time multi-agent systems with time-varying delays

This paper addresses consensus problems for discrete-time multi-agent systems with time-varying delays and switching interaction topologies and provides a class of effective consensus protocols that are built on repeatedly using the same state information at two time-steps. We show that those protocols can solve consensus problems under milder conditions than the popular consensus algorithm proposed by Jadbabaie et al., specifically, the presented protocols allow for the case that agents can only use delayed information of themselves, whereas the popular one is invalid. It is proved that if the union of the interaction topologies across the time interval with some given length always has a spanning tree, then in the presence of bounded time-varying delays, those protocols solve consensus problems.     

XML发布/订阅数据流系统基于共享的多查询连接算法

XML的发布/订阅系统中的XML多查询连接,涉及到多个XML文件之间关系的订阅的处理,包括了对XPath路径模式的评测,对XML文档之间的比较计算以及对系统时间进行管理等方面。基于共享的连接算法,通过适当的组织,使得多个订阅之间相同的变量连接计算结果得以被重复利用,较大程度地减少了开销很大的连接计算,从而较大地提高系统效率。实验结果表明,基于共享的算法取得了良好的实际效果,能适合于百万以上订阅的场合。     

一种动态维护分布式环境下top-k集合的近似算法

在分布式数据流场景中,如何动态维护top-k集合并尽可能地降低通信开销是非常重要的.通常的做法是:把大量的数据从分布式节点传送到中央节点,然后在中央节点计算top-k集合.这样的通信开销非常大,在许多场合下是根本无法实现的.提出了一种高效地动态维护分布式环境下top-k集合的近似算法top-k'.在算法中对一个top-k查询,通过动态维护k'(K<,max>≥k'≥k)个最高积分的元组,可以从中选取积分最高的k个元组返回.实验表明top-k'显著降低了各节点与中央协调节点之间的通信代价.     

基于三维雷达图像数据的风暴体追踪算法研究

TITAN算法是目前临近天气预报的主要方法之一,主要用于对强对流天气的识别、跟踪和预报。在原算法中速度约束是固定的、预报方法只适用于结构较稳定的风暴,它们会对算法的总体性能有较大的影响。针对这些不足,通过使用动态速度约束和光流法对算法进行了改进。通过实验证明,这些改进对风暴结构变化较大的情况有较好的效果,可以使算法的总体性能平均提高6%左右。     

无线传感器网络应用支撑技术研究

无线传感器网络的出现,产生了许多新型应用.而为了支撑各种各样的应用,需要范围广且复杂的实现技术.作为一个多学科交叉领域,无线传感器网络方向具有大量的应用及相应支撑技术,需要进行适当的分类整理.基于这种情况,本文首先综述了无线传感器网络的应用现状,然后结合无线传感器网络各方面应用,从计算机学科的角度系统地讨论了无线传感器网络的支撑技术,包括通信协议、定位、时钟同步、能量管理等普遍存在于各种无线传感器网络的基础支撑技术,以及目标识别与跟踪、数据存储、数据融合与无线传感器网络安全等几种典型的与应用紧密相关的支撑技术.     

碳纳米管场效应晶体管紧凑模型研究进展

随着摩尔定律逼近极限,碳纳米管场效应晶体管(CNTFET)被认为是5 nm以下CMOS晶体管的有力替代者。CNTFET具有准一维结构,栅极可有效控制导电沟道的导通/关断;同时,载流子在沟道内可实现近弹道输运,具有极高的迁移率。因此,CNTFET在低电压环境下,可提供较大的电流传输能力,为实现纳米级超大规模模拟/逻辑电路提供了解决方案。文章综述了CNTFET紧凑模型的发展现状,分析了现阶段面临的漏极电流精确模型、隧穿效应、寄生效应、多纳米管模型等存在的问题,重点探讨了针对这些问题的解决方案。最后对该紧凑模型未来的应用前景进行了讨论。     

中短波红外图像传感器读出电路研究进展

随着红外技术和探测器性能的进步,中波和短波红外技术在恶劣天气中具有更优秀的成像性能,在民用、军事和航空航天等领域中得到了越来越广泛的应用。读出电路作为连接探测器阵列与后级图像处理电路的关键模块,其性能对中短波红外相机系统性能具有重要影响,决定了最终的成像质量。文章综述了中短波红外图像传感器读出电路的发展现状,分析了读出电路中噪声、动态范围、帧频等问题,重点探讨了针对以上问题的解决方案。最后对读出电路未来设计的改进方向进行了讨论。     

Ultrafast Switchable Passive Radiative Cooling Smart Windows with Synergistic Optical Modulation

Switchable passive radiative cooling (PRC) smart windows can modulate sunlight transmission and spontaneously emit heat to outer space through atmospheric transparent window, presenting great potential in building energy conservation. However, realizing stable and on-demand control of the cooling efficiency for PRC materials is still challenging. Herein, an electro-controlled polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) smart window showing PRC property is designed and prepared by adding mid-infrared emitting reactive monomers into the conventional PDLC matrix. It is found that not only the electro-optical properties but also the PRC efficiency of PRC PDLC film are tunable by regulating the content of the mid-infrared emitting components, film thickness, and micromorphology. This advanced PRC PDLC material achieves a near/sub-ambient temperature when the solar irradiance is below 400 W m⁻² and can dynamically manage daytime cooling efficiency. Importantly, its PRC efficiency is capable of being tuned in an on-demand and ultrafast millisecond-scale way, whose controllable transparency enables multistage heat regulation. This study is hoped to provide new inspiration in the preparation of advanced optical devices and energy-efficient equipment.     

Reduced Graphene Oxides Modified Bi2Te3 Nanosheets for Rapid Photo-Thermoelectric Catalytic Therapy of Bacteria-Infected Wounds

Temperature variation-induced thermoelectric catalytic efficiency of thermoelectric material is simultaneously restricted by its electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity. Herein, Bi₂Te₃ nanosheets are in situ grown on reduced graphene oxides (rGO) to generate an efficient photo-thermoelectric catalyst (rGO-Bi₂Te₃). This system exhibits phonon scattering effect and extra carrier transport channels induced by the formed heterointerface between rGO and Bi₂Te₃, which improves the power factor value and reduces thermal conductivity, thus enhancing the thermoelectric performance of 2.13 times than single Bi₂Te₃. The photo-thermoelectric catalysis of rGO-Bi₂Te₃ significantly improves the reactive oxygen species yields, resulting from the effective electron–hole separation caused by the unique thermoelectric field and heterointerfaces of rGO-Bi₂Te₃. Correspondingly, the electrospinning membranes containing rGO-Bi₂Te₃ nanosheets exhibit high antibacterial efficiency in vivo (99.35 ± 0.29%), accelerated tissue repair ability, and excellent biosafety. This study provides an insight into heterointerface design in photo-thermoelectric catalysis.