双椭圆形塔楼风荷载特性风洞实验研究

本文通过风洞实验的方法研究了以椭圆形为基本截面形状,两个相邻的由条状平板搭接构成的塔楼建筑风荷载的特性。结果表明,两个相邻的塔楼在一定的风向角下会形成比单个塔楼更大的风荷载。文中根据不同风向角下的风洞实验结果,结合当地的风气象资料,给出了该建筑更加合理的表面饰物风压分布数据。对今后类似的结构设计具有参考价值。同时也说明为了达到安全性和经济性两方面的目的,在作结构设计前对这类外形有较大变化的建筑及其群体间的影响进行适当的风洞实验是十分必要的。     

先进核电厂安全壳结构模型试验研究

安全壳结构模型试验与工程实体安全壳结构试验相比 ,可对关键技术问题进行更加深入的试验研究。通过对模型试验得到的位移、应变、裂缝、预应力值的试验结果 ,检验结构的非线性分析理论 ,实测极限承载能力和破坏状态 ,并为实体设计提供试验依据。     

索网穹顶静动力分析及施工模拟

索网穹顶系国内首次采用新型结构形式,体系较为复杂,静动力分析及施工过程动态模拟显得特别重要。基于非线性有限元分析方法,本文对结构主次索网的协同工作性能进行了分析,并对动力性能做了深入探讨。鉴于索网穹顶结构施工成型的难点,运用ANSYS软件跟踪模拟分析施工过程中结构的响应,对类似结构的工程施工设计具有一定的参考价值。     

用建筑语言表达体育建筑的内在精神——清华东北区体育场馆规划设计

通过介绍清华大学东北区体育场馆的整体规划和单体场馆设计 ,向读者展现了建筑设计者是怎样用建筑语言来表达体育建筑的内在精神     

U型金属阻尼器受力性能和数值模拟分析方法研究

首先收集了17个U型金属阻尼器的试验数据,并对采用不同类型钢材的U型金属阻尼器的面内受力性能进行了分析和比较.在此基础上,研究了分别适用于构件层次分析和结构层次分析的U型金属阻尼器精细有限元模型和简化有限元模型的建模方法.结果表明:采用实体单元建立的精细有限元模型,既可较准确地模拟出U型金属阻尼器的荷载-位移滞回关系,...     

An application of metadata-based image retrieval system for facility management

For facility management, photography is an efficient and accurate method of recording the physical state of infrastructure. However, without an effective organizational scheme, the difficulty of retrieving relevant photos from historical databases can become overly burdensome for highly complex or long-lived assets. To make strategic decisions, it is crucial to retrieve the right information from a plurality of sources in a timely manner. The main objective of this paper is to present a method for organizing and retrieving photos from massive facility management photo databases using photo-metadata: photographed location, camera perspective, and image semantic content information. Indoor localization experiments were performed using Bluetooth technology to infer the location information. Perspective is inferred from the device’s on-board inertial measurement unit (IMU). Image semantic content is inferred using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based deep learning algorithm. Fusing these three features, seven query options were provided for the user when retrieving images. Leveraging Building Information Modeling (BIM) as a process and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a framework, this paper also envisions a federated information management by connecting 2D and 3D facility assets with our real-world map which can be smoothly bridged with our image retrieval system. The realization of the integrated application with BIM and GIS is significantly beneficial for the facility management domain by advancing the understanding of projects in a broader view with a federated data platform. In this research, the framework is illustrated with 21 institutional buildings within the University of Texas at Austin’s main campus, and the authors conclude that the proposed metadata-based image retrieval system can ultimately enhance the better-informed decision-making process through rapid information retrieval.     

新型装配式冰场受力性能试验与模拟分析

为在2022年冬奥会期间将国家游泳中心泳池场地改造为冰壶场地,结合临时场地的新型制冰方式,提出了一种全装配式的冰壶场地及支承结构体系的构造作法.对此装配式冰场进行了现场试验测试和有限元受力性能分析,研究了装配式冰场的自振频率和振型特点,分析了冰场在使用荷载作用下的整体变形和各组件的应力水平,探讨了极端荷载作用下冰面受力、变形及开裂等关键问题.研究表明,所提装配式冰场方案具有较大刚度和承载力,能够满足冬奥会冰壶比赛对冰面的要求;此类冰场宜使用轻型浇冰车作业,大型浇冰车轮压引起的弯矩和剪力作用下冰面存在开裂的可能.     

Big data and urban system model - Substitutes or complements? A case study of modelling commuting patterns in Beijing

The emergence of urban big data is transforming the existing research paradigms in urban studies. New theories and analytical methods are required to meet the methodological challenges. This paper empirically compares a data-driven approach and an urban-system-model approach through a case study of modelling the commuting patterns in Beijing. For the data-driven approach, the novel location-based-services (LBS) data are explored to identify the employment-residence location of the service users. For the modelling approach, a spatial equilibrium model is calibrated for base year 2010 and is used to simulate the commuting patterns for Beijing 2015 based on exogenous development projections. The results of the two approaches are then compared against the benchmark statistics for Beijing 2015. The comparison shows that the LBS data perform better in detecting residence locations than employment locations. The model prediction fits better with the benchmark, while the errors of the LBS data tend to vary significantly across space. For amplifying the LBS sample data to represent the full population, uniform scale factor thus should be avoided. In addition, the ineffectiveness of representing short-distance commuting for the LBS data is revealed by the comparison with the model predicted flows. In light of the strength and weakness of the respective approach, the prospect of a collaborative use of big data and urban system models is explored in the conclusion.     

高层装配整体式预应力板柱结构若干设计问题

装配整体式预应力板柱结构空间利用率高,建筑平面布置灵活,整体性好,根据国外实际使用经验,抗震性能良好,不仅适用于公共及民用建筑,也适用于多层轻工业厂房。在国内应用这种结构已有多年,本文结合一幢12层建筑物试点工程的设计,参考国内外及我们已有的科研成果,介绍拼板、节点及次力矩等方面几个设计计算问题。