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81.
The Density of States (DOS) is an ingredient of critical importance for the accurate physical understanding of the optoelectronic properties of organic semiconductors. The disordered nature of this class of materials, though, renders the task of determining the DOS far from trivial. Its extraction from experimental measurements is often performed by driving the semiconductor out of thermal equilibrium and therefore requires making assumptions on the charge transport properties of the material under examination. This entanglement of DOS and charge transport models is unfavorable since transport mechanisms in organic semiconductors are themselves still subject of debate. To avoid this, we propose an alternative approach which is based on populating and probing the DOS by means of capacitive coupling in Metal Insulator Semiconductors (MIS) structures while keeping the semiconductor in thermal equilibrium. Assuming a Gaussian shape, we extract the DOS width by numerical fitting of experimental Capacitance–Voltage curves, exploiting the fact that the DOS width affects the spatial distribution of accumulated charge carriers which in turn concurs to define the MIS capacitance. The proposed approach is successfully tested on two benchmark semiconducting polymers, one of n-type and one of p-type and it is validated by verifying the robustness of the extraction procedure with respect to varying the insulator electrical permittivity. Finally, as an example of the usefulness and effectiveness of our approach, we study the static characteristics of thin film transistors based on the aforementioned polymers in the framework of the Extended Gaussian Disorder transport model. Thanks to the extracted DOS widths, the functional dependence of current on the gate voltage is nicely predicted and physical insight on transistor operation is achieved. 相似文献
82.
Phagraphene, a new carbon allotrope, was proposed recently. We here select a mixed-edge phagraphene ribbon to study B-, N-, and BN-doping effects respectively on the geometric stability, electronic structure, carrier mobility, and device property. Calculations show that the energetic and thermal stability for these ribbons are very high. With different doping types and doping sites, the bandgap size of a ribbon may be nearly unchanged, increased, or decreased as compared with the intrinsic ribbon, and even become a metal, thus presenting fully tunable electronic structures. For this, the charge transfer shifting edge bands and the new formed hybridized bands due to doping play a crucial role. More interestingly, doping at different positions can regulate the carrier mobility of ribbon, and the difference of two orders of magnitude for hole mobility can be generated by BN-doping. In addition, the study on device property shows that there is a prominent negative differential resistance characteristics occurring in a BN-doped ribbon device. These findings are meaningful for understanding the doping effects on electronic properties of phagraphene nanoribbons. 相似文献
83.
本文介绍了一种新型节能保温墙体——预制混凝土夹芯保温墙板,阐述了应用这种新型墙体的必要性及这种新型节能墙体的国内外发展现状与进展,并展望了其发展趋势,该技术为实现住宅产业化提供了重要支撑. 相似文献
84.
《Food Control》2015
Immunochromatographic assays (ICAs) are considered as a suitable diagnostic tool for the detection of mycotoxins. Mycotoxins and especially, ochratoxin A are analytes with more demanding sensitivity requirements. To enhance the sensitivity of current immunochromatographic assays for ochratoxin A (OTA), a novel sensitive ICA was developed in this study. In the assay, microspheres enclosing fluorescent europium (III) [Eu(III)] nanoparticles (EuNPs) were used as a label for OTA monoclonal antibody (OTA-mAb) conjugation. Accordingly, assay was called time-resolved fluorescent immunochromatographic assay (TRFICA). The test strip was composed of three parts: a sample pad, nitrocellulose membrane and an absorbent pad. As for detection, a proper concentration of conjugated microspheres was pipetted into the microtube and sample extract was added to it. Then the strip was inserted into the tube and the fluid flow along the strip. The TRFICA results were obtained in 8 min and read by a portable TRFICA strip reader. The established method allows quantitative determination of OTA with limit of detection as low as 1.0 μg kg−1 in the samples. For validation, spiked samples including wheat, maize, soybean and rice were respectively assayed by TRFICA and a standard high performance liquid chromatography equipped with a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD), and good agreement of results was obtained between two methods. 相似文献
85.
《Food Control》2015
Soybean sauce, a Chinese traditional and daily condiment, is often contaminated by aflatoxin B1. An extract-free immunochromatographic assay was proposed based on fluorescent microspheres probe for the' detection of aflatoxin B1 in soybean sauce. The probe was prepared by coupling fluorescent microspheres with anti-aflatoxin B1 antibody by the 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimides hydrochloride-mediated method. The background from the soybean sauce sample on strip was eliminated because of the optical property of the probe. The sample without extracting procedure was directly detected by diluting with 10% methanol solution. The visible detection limit for the qualitative analysis of aflatoxin B1 in the proposed method was 2.5 μg/L, which was lower than the maximum level of 5 μg/L set by the Chinese government. The results were well agreed with those obtained by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The method showed satisfactory characteristics, such as rapid detection, easy operation, and high sensitivity, and can thus be applied for the large-scale and on-site screening of soybean sauce contaminated with aflatoxin B1. To our knowledge, this report is the first one on the qualitative detection of aflatoxin B1 in dark colored food samples directly by fluorescent microspheres probe-based immunochromatography. 相似文献
86.
《NDT International》1989,22(1):26-30
Echo drop is one of the commonly used methods of flaw sizing in ultrasonic NDT. This method, which can measure flaw dimensions due to changes in echo amplitude observed during ultrasonic probe displacement, has some limitations with regard to defect geometry and dimensions. The results described show the relationships of probe displacement, measured with echo drops of 6, 10 and 20 dB, on ultrasonic probe-flaw distance and flaw size. The DDS diagrams provide information about the usefulness of echo-drop methods for sizing totally embedded and side-wall breaking defects with the help of probes generating divergent beams of longitudinal waves. 相似文献
87.
88.
建立一种反相高效液相色谱同时测定柞蚕蛹蜕中17 种氨基酸的分析方法。以正亮氨酸为内标物,异硫氰酸苯酯(PITC)作为Venusil-AA 氨基酸分析专用柱柱前衍生试剂,采用二元梯度洗脱,波长254nm 处检测柞蚕蛹蜕中氨基酸含量。17 种氨基酸在0.5~0.0125μmol 的范围内,具有良好的线性关系,加样回收率在96.2%~101.9%。柞蚕蛹蜕中氨基酸含量为21.9%,其中精氨酸含量最高。人体必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的33.62%。柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法简单、高效,可以用于柞蚕蛹蜕氨基酸含量测定。 相似文献
89.
90.
为明确叶黄素对母鼠乳腺分泌IgA能力的影响,本实验对妊娠母鼠添加饲喂叶黄素,检测母鼠血清中IgG、IgA和IgM含量变化,母鼠乳腺组织中IgA mRNA表达量和IgA抗体分泌细胞数量变化,以及仔鼠胃内容物中IgA浓度变化。结果表明:在妊娠21 d和分娩后7 d时,实验组血清中IgG和IgA浓度显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05),IgM含量虽有升高,与正常对照组相比,无显著性差异(P>0.05);乳腺组织中IgA mRNA表达量无显著变化(P>0.05);分娩后14 d IgA抗体分泌细胞数量显著增加(P<0.05);仔鼠胃内容物中IgA含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。说明给妊娠母鼠添加饲喂叶黄素可以增强乳腺分泌IgA的能力。 相似文献