“一锅法”合成油酸包覆Fe_3O_4及油酸用量对其性能的影响

采用"一锅法",即在"共沉淀法"合成纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒之前,直接加入油酸(表面活性剂),合成了油酸包覆的纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒。并通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、热重分析仪(TGA)对颗粒进行了表征,重点研究了油酸用量对纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒的结构、成分、形貌、尺寸、磁化强度的影响。结果表明,在实验中,油酸与Fe_3O_4摩尔比为0.4时,采用"一锅法"可合成9nm左右、分散性良好、饱和磁化强度在56A·m2/kg的纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒。     

Low-valence ion addition induced more compact passive films on nickel-copper nano-coatings

Ni-Cu nano-coatings were prepared by pulsed electroplating technique in the baths containing various amount of boric acid. Their microstructure, morphologies and corrosion resistance were characterized in detail. The addition of boric acid strongly influences on the microstructure of the Ni-Cu coatings. The coating with a grain size of 130 nm, obtained from the bath containing 35 g L⁻¹ boric acid, shows the highest corrosion resistance. This is attributed to the low-valence Cu ion (Cu⁺) additions in nickel oxide, which could significantly decrease the oxygen ion vacancy density in the passive film to form a more compact passive film. The higher Cu⁺ additions and the lower diffusivity of point defects (D₀) are responsible for the formation of more compact passive film on the coating obtained from the bath with 35 g L⁻¹ boric acid.     

可伸缩复合材料悬臂梁的非线性动力学建模及分析

首先,根据Reddy给出的考虑高阶剪切效应的层合理论,气动弹性活塞理论,利用Hamilton原理,对考虑采用基于活塞理论的一阶非线性气动力和面内参数激励的联合作用下的轴向可伸缩复合材料悬臂梁进行非线性动力学进行建模,得到其偏微分动力学控制方程.然后对控制方程无量纲化,利用Galerkin方法对控制方程进行了截断,得到三个可反映可伸缩悬臂梁横向振动的无量纲形式的常微分非线性动力学方程,只要选取适合的复合材料及其相关参数,使用数值方法就对模型在外伸和回收过程中的相关振动特性进行了分析.     

基于YOLOV4的工件表面质量在线检测方法研究

目的 提升自动化产线上工件表面微小缺陷的检测精度和检测速度。方法 首先,在预处理阶段提出采用CutMix的数据增强方法,增加训练样本的多样性,提高模型的鲁棒性和泛化能力,避免训练模型产生过拟合;使用K–means++聚类算法生成边界候选框,以适应不同尺寸的缺陷,并较早地筛选出更精细的特征。其次,借助CSP Darknet53网络及SPP模块提取输入原始图像的特征,通过训练获得针对工件表面质量的在线检测模型,提升YOLOV4缺陷位置检测及识别的精度。结果 实验结果表明,文中所提出的基于YOLOV4的工件表面质量在线监测方法的预测精度达到97.5%,检测速度达到32.8帧/s,均优于同类的深度学习算法。以贵州某航空工业产品的自动化产线作为实验平台验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。结论 该方法具备结构简单清晰、自适应性强等优点,检测精度和速度均满足工业场景需求,可以将其用于产品表面质量的在线检测。     

Frenet坐标框架下的自适应避障算法

目的 解决包装车间无人运输车辆在沿全局路径行驶过程中,难以同时保证跟随轨迹平滑及规避障碍物的问题。方法 构建Frenet坐标框架,描述车辆位姿与全局路径的相对关系,利用五次多项式生成多条待选局部路径;采用障碍物势场法模糊处理包装车间障碍的外形轮廓,并设置膨胀区间;结合待选路径采样点经过障碍物膨胀区间得到的碰撞值,以及采样点与全局规划路径的偏差值,综合评估路径的避障能力,筛选出最优的避障路径。结果 该算法能根据障碍物的大小,动态解算出与全局路径偏移量小且运动连贯的局部避障路径。结论 所提算法使得车辆完成运输任务时的效果更好,且效率更高。     

Effects of bottom profile on the circulation and classification of particles in cylindrical hydrocyclones

The cylindrical hydrocyclone has been increasingly used in coarse classification due to its reduced fine particle entrainment, but the loss of coarse particles to overflow remains an intractable problem. Based on the notion that the strong circulation flow caused by the flat bottom structure bears primary responsibility for the problem, this study designs eight unique bottom profiles to regulate the particle circulating flow and attempts to correlate particle circulation flow with classification performance. The effects of the bottom profile on flow field characteristics, particle spatial distribution, circulation flow rates, and grade efficiency are explored in detail using validated models in a Φ200 mm cylindrical hydrocyclone. The findings suggest that bottom profiles have the greatest effect on the axial velocity near the bottom and the grade efficiency of intermediate and coarse particles, while all unique designs have the potential to lower turbulence intensity. An ascending segment near the wall or a descending segment near the axis can help to mitigate the misplacement of coarse particles by reducing particle circulation flow without affecting the entrainment of fines appreciably. Additionally, two circles are found on each side of the cut plane, which is conducive to releasing coarse particles from the circulation flow. Regulation of particle circulation flow by adjusting bottom profile parameters can improve separation performance.     

基于STC89C51的流体阀门电动执行器控制系统的设计

介绍了一种基于STC89C51单片机控制的流体阀门电动执行器的结构及工作原理,重点阐述了该电动执行器控制系统的组成及软、硬件设计方案。该电动执行器控制系统以STC89C51单片机为核心,利用环形分配器及功率放大电路控制步进电动机的转速、旋转角度等,进而控制阀门开度,并利用流量和压力传感器采集流体参数信号,并将该信号经AD转换后发送给STC89C51单片机,形成闭环控制,同时具有CAN通信和人机交互功能。     

$3C2510A的SCARA机械臂控制系统设计

在目前机械臂控制系统中,如何减小系统体积、降低系统功耗一直是传统控制方式（即“PC／工控机＋运动控制卡”）的难点。本文在对SCARA机械臂深入研究的基础上通过S3C25IOA实现了带有PCI接口的控制系统,并进行了Bootloader的移植以及PCI驱动程序的编写。     

A node-based smoothed finite element method (NS-FEM) for upper bound solution to visco-elastoplastic analyses of solids using triangular and tetrahedral meshes

A node-based smoothed finite element method (NS-FEM) was recently proposed for the solid mechanics problems. In the NS-FEM, the system stiffness matrix is computed using the smoothed strains over the smoothing domains associated with nodes of element mesh. In this paper, the NS-FEM is further extended to more complicated visco-elastoplastic analyses of 2D and 3D solids using triangular and tetrahedral meshes, respectively. The material behavior includes perfect visco-elastoplasticity and visco-elastoplasticity with isotropic hardening and linear kinematic hardening. A dual formulation for the NS-FEM with displacements and stresses as the main variables is performed. The von-Mises yield function and the Prandtl–Reuss flow rule are used. In the numerical procedure, however, the stress variables are eliminated and the problem becomes only displacement-dependent. The numerical results show that the NS-FEM has higher computational cost than the FEM. However the NS-FEM is much more accurate than the FEM, and hence the NS-FEM is more efficient than the FEM. It is also observed from the numerical results that the NS-FEM possesses the upper bound property which is very meaningful for the visco-elastoplastic analyses which almost have not got the analytical solutions. This suggests that we can use two models, NS-FEM and FEM, to bound the solution, and can even estimate the global relative error of numerical solutions.     

用于文档聚类的间隔流形学习算法研究

为有效解决文档聚类问题,提出一种基于间隔流形学习的文档聚类算法。该算法利用间隔Fisher分析将高维文档空间降维到低维特征空间,利用支持向量聚类算法进行聚类。在基准文档测试集上的实验结果表明,该算法的聚类性能优于其他常用的文档聚类算法。